[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":7060},["ShallowReactive",2],{"reading-hostiensis-summa-simony":3,"authors":69,"doc-hostiensis-summa-simony":1696,"transcription-cols-hostiensis-summa-simony":1758,"translation-cols-hostiensis-summa-simony":3402},{"id":4,"title":5,"author":6,"body":7,"description":50,"document":51,"extension":52,"key":53,"meta":54,"navigation":56,"page_end":57,"page_start":58,"path":59,"pdf_page_end":60,"pdf_page_start":61,"section":62,"seo":63,"stem":64,"title_en":65,"translator":66,"year":67,"__hash__":68},"readingsMeta\u002Freadings\u002Fmeta\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony.md","De simonia et ne aliquid pro spiritualibus exigatur vel promittatur","hostiensis",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":46},"minimark",[10],[11,12,13,14,18,19,22,23,26,27,30,31,34,35,38,39,34,42,45],"p",{},"Henry of Susa's title ",[15,16,17],"em",{},"De simonia"," from Book V of his ",[15,20,21],{},"Summa"," on the Decretals of Gregory IX, the central canon-law treatment of simony by its greatest thirteenth-century systematiser. Hostiensis frames the title under his standard schema of questions: what simony is (its definition as the deliberate will to buy or sell spiritual things, or things annexed to the spiritual), why it is forbidden, how it is committed (through the hand, the tongue, or service — ",[15,24,25],{},"a manu, a lingua, ab obsequio","), the penalties incurred, the obligation of restitution, dispensation and rehabilitation of simoniacs, the species of simoniacal pact and price, and adjacent crimes including extortion under colour of office (",[15,28,29],{},"concussio","). Throughout, Hostiensis weaves together Roman and canon-law authorities — the ",[15,32,33],{},"Decretum"," and ",[15,36,37],{},"Decretales",", the ",[15,40,41],{},"Codex",[15,43,44],{},"Digestum",", the glossators and his own predecessors — into the most influential canonist account of simony of the later Middle Ages.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":49},"",2,[],"Henry of Susa's title De simonia from Book V of his Summa on the Decretals of Gregory IX, the central canon-law treatment of simony by its greatest thirteenth-century systematiser. Hostiensis frames the title under his standard schema of questions: what simony is (its definition as the deliberate will to buy or sell spiritual things, or things annexed to the spiritual), why it is forbidden, how it is committed (through the hand, the tongue, or service — a manu, a lingua, ab obsequio), the penalties incurred, the obligation of restitution, dispensation and rehabilitation of simoniacs, the species of simoniacal pact and price, and adjacent crimes including extortion under colour of office (concussio). Throughout, Hostiensis weaves together Roman and canon-law authorities — the Decretum and Decretales, the Codex and Digestum, the glossators and his own predecessors — into the most influential canonist account of simony of the later Middle Ages.","hostiensis-summa-aurea-1537","md","hostiensis-summa-simony",{"start_text":5,"end_text":55},"Concutere autem dicitur qui pretextu officii sibi commissi comminando aliquid ab inuito extorquet",true,"539vb","533rb","\u002Freadings\u002Fmeta\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony",1104,1091,"Liber V, Titulus III",{"title":5,"description":50},"readings\u002Fmeta\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony","On Simony, and that Nothing Be Demanded or Promised for Spiritual Things",null,1253,"0Um7Nh1XFbat34EkrdP-6CD4tq2FK0iJBS3yCYYuDRY",[70,108,150,187,214,232,252,290,320,356,383,425,469,520,542,566,596,622,656,689,715,746,773,802,829,868,899,925,946,967,1001,1027,1048,1083,1103,1133,1154,1175,1196,1229,1258,1288,1318,1343,1373,1392,1428,1453,1478,1506,1535,1562,1592,1621,1641,1667],{"id":71,"title":72,"body":73,"born":96,"description":97,"died":98,"extension":52,"image":99,"key":100,"meta":101,"name":80,"name_en":102,"navigation":56,"path":103,"seo":104,"stem":105,"wikipedia":106,"__hash__":107},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Falbert-the-great.md","Albert The Great",{"type":8,"value":74,"toc":94},[75],[11,76,77,78,81,82,85,86,89,90,93],{},"Albert the Great (",[15,79,80],{},"Albertus Magnus",", c. 1200–1280) was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, bishop of Regensburg, and one of the most learned figures of the thirteenth century, known as the ",[15,83,84],{},"Doctor Universalis",". He was among the first medieval scholars to integrate the newly translated Aristotelian corpus into Christian thought, producing extensive paraphrases and commentaries on nearly all of Aristotle's works, as well as a massive ",[15,87,88],{},"Commentary on the Sentences"," of Peter Lombard, a ",[15,91,92],{},"Summa Theologiae",", and treatises on natural philosophy, botany, and mineralogy. He taught at Paris and Cologne — where Thomas Aquinas was his most famous student — and shaped the Dominican intellectual tradition for generations. He was canonized in 1931 and declared a Doctor of the Church.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":95},[],1200,"Albert the Great (Albertus Magnus, c. 1200–1280) was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, bishop of Regensburg, and one of the most learned figures of the thirteenth century, known as the Doctor Universalis. He was among the first medieval scholars to integrate the newly translated Aristotelian corpus into Christian thought, producing extensive paraphrases and commentaries on nearly all of Aristotle's works, as well as a massive Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, a Summa Theologiae, and treatises on natural philosophy, botany, and mineralogy. He taught at Paris and Cologne — where Thomas Aquinas was his most famous student — and shaped the Dominican intellectual tradition for generations. He was canonized in 1931 and declared a Doctor of the Church.",1280,"\u002Fa\u002Falbert-the-great.jpg","albert-the-great",{},"Albert the Great","\u002Fauthors\u002Falbert-the-great",{"description":97},"authors\u002Falbert-the-great","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlbertus_Magnus","KeG3-K8ed5BbkReWwTlEdMp5xn7sJf20hUvLX6pvBrw",{"id":109,"title":110,"body":111,"born":138,"description":139,"died":140,"extension":52,"image":141,"key":142,"meta":143,"name":118,"name_en":144,"navigation":56,"path":145,"seo":146,"stem":147,"wikipedia":148,"__hash__":149},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Falexander-of-hales.md","Alexander Of Hales",{"type":8,"value":112,"toc":136},[113],[11,114,115,116,119,120,123,124,127,128,131,132,135],{},"Alexander of Hales (",[15,117,118],{},"Alexander Halensis",", c. 1185–1245) was an English Franciscan theologian and master of the University of Paris, known as the ",[15,121,122],{},"Doctor Irrefragabilis"," (\"Irrefragable Doctor\"). After entering the Order of Friars Minor around 1236 as an established master, he transferred his chair in theology to the Franciscans, making him the first Franciscan regent master at Paris. He is credited with being the first scholastic to use Peter Lombard's ",[15,125,126],{},"Sentences"," as a textbook for systematic theology, and his lectures and disputations form the nucleus of the ",[15,129,130],{},"Summa Theologica"," (the ",[15,133,134],{},"Summa Halensis",") — a massive synthesis assembled, after his death, by his Franciscan students and collaborators. The work exerted profound influence on Bonaventure and the early Franciscan school.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":137},[],1185,"Alexander of Hales (Alexander Halensis, c. 1185–1245) was an English Franciscan theologian and master of the University of Paris, known as the Doctor Irrefragabilis (\"Irrefragable Doctor\"). After entering the Order of Friars Minor around 1236 as an established master, he transferred his chair in theology to the Franciscans, making him the first Franciscan regent master at Paris. He is credited with being the first scholastic to use Peter Lombard's Sentences as a textbook for systematic theology, and his lectures and disputations form the nucleus of the Summa Theologica (the Summa Halensis) — a massive synthesis assembled, after his death, by his Franciscan students and collaborators. The work exerted profound influence on Bonaventure and the early Franciscan school.",1245,"\u002Fa\u002Falexander-of-hales.jpg","alexander-of-hales",{},"Alexander of Hales","\u002Fauthors\u002Falexander-of-hales",{"description":139},"authors\u002Falexander-of-hales","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlexander_of_Hales","x-I-vMA6IXKaIjl_dQlCh-PClxCTJu2z1hip_74UfzA",{"id":151,"title":152,"body":153,"born":174,"description":175,"died":176,"extension":52,"image":177,"key":178,"meta":179,"name":180,"name_en":181,"navigation":56,"path":182,"seo":183,"stem":184,"wikipedia":185,"__hash__":186},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fambrose-of-milan.md","Ambrose Of Milan",{"type":8,"value":154,"toc":172},[155],[11,156,157,158,161,162,161,165,161,168,171],{},"Ambrose of Milan (c. 339–397) was bishop of Milan from 374 until his death and is counted among the four traditional Latin Doctors of the Church. Born at Trier into a Roman senatorial family, he was serving as governor of Aemilia-Liguria when the people of Milan acclaimed him bishop while he was still only a catechumen; he was baptized, ordained, and consecrated within a single week. As bishop he confronted Arian factions at court, defended ecclesiastical independence against the emperors Valentinian II and Theodosius — most famously imposing public penance on Theodosius after the massacre at Thessalonica — and instructed and baptized Augustine of Hippo. His exegetical works (commentaries on Luke, the Psalms, Genesis, and the patriarchs), dogmatic treatises (",[15,159,160],{},"De fide",", ",[15,163,164],{},"De Spiritu Sancto",[15,166,167],{},"De mysteriis",[15,169,170],{},"De officiis ministrorum","), Latin hymns, and pastoral letters shaped Latin theology, liturgy, and political thought throughout the Middle Ages.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":173},[],339,"Ambrose of Milan (c. 339–397) was bishop of Milan from 374 until his death and is counted among the four traditional Latin Doctors of the Church. Born at Trier into a Roman senatorial family, he was serving as governor of Aemilia-Liguria when the people of Milan acclaimed him bishop while he was still only a catechumen; he was baptized, ordained, and consecrated within a single week. As bishop he confronted Arian factions at court, defended ecclesiastical independence against the emperors Valentinian II and Theodosius — most famously imposing public penance on Theodosius after the massacre at Thessalonica — and instructed and baptized Augustine of Hippo. His exegetical works (commentaries on Luke, the Psalms, Genesis, and the patriarchs), dogmatic treatises (De fide, De Spiritu Sancto, De mysteriis, De officiis ministrorum), Latin hymns, and pastoral letters shaped Latin theology, liturgy, and political thought throughout the Middle Ages.",397,"\u002Fa\u002Fambrose-of-milan.jpg","ambrose-of-milan",{},"Ambrosius Mediolanensis","Ambrose of Milan","\u002Fauthors\u002Fambrose-of-milan",{"description":175},"authors\u002Fambrose-of-milan","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAmbrose","1gIrF-hUENGnRPASStdOtIUKvnVnSMAFcm-L50Sep-Q",{"id":188,"title":189,"body":190,"born":201,"description":202,"died":203,"extension":52,"image":204,"key":205,"meta":206,"name":207,"name_en":208,"navigation":56,"path":209,"seo":210,"stem":211,"wikipedia":212,"__hash__":213},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fangelus-de-clavasio.md","Angelus De Clavasio",{"type":8,"value":191,"toc":199},[192],[11,193,194,195,198],{},"Angelus de Clavasio (Angelo Carletti di Chivasso, c. 1411–1495) was an Italian Observant Franciscan friar, moral theologian, and papal legate. Born at Chivasso in Piedmont, he studied at Bologna, earning doctorates in canon and civil law and in theology, before entering the Observant Franciscans, among whom he repeatedly served as vicar general. He was best known for his ",[15,196,197],{},"Summa angelica de casibus conscientiae",", an alphabetically arranged confessor's manual that became one of the most widely printed handbooks of moral and canonical casuistry of the late fifteenth century — so prominent that Luther consigned it to the flames alongside the canon law in 1520. He was beatified in 1753.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":200},[],1411,"Angelus de Clavasio (Angelo Carletti di Chivasso, c. 1411–1495) was an Italian Observant Franciscan friar, moral theologian, and papal legate. Born at Chivasso in Piedmont, he studied at Bologna, earning doctorates in canon and civil law and in theology, before entering the Observant Franciscans, among whom he repeatedly served as vicar general. He was best known for his Summa angelica de casibus conscientiae, an alphabetically arranged confessor's manual that became one of the most widely printed handbooks of moral and canonical casuistry of the late fifteenth century — so prominent that Luther consigned it to the flames alongside the canon law in 1520. He was beatified in 1753.",1495,"\u002Fa\u002Fangelus-de-clavasio.jpg","angelus-de-clavasio",{},"Angelus de Clavasio","Angelo Carletti di Chivasso","\u002Fauthors\u002Fangelus-de-clavasio",{"description":202},"authors\u002Fangelus-de-clavasio","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAngelo_Carletti_di_Chivasso","EByOyDoS6BVw15dZTgofSW93myBxBv17eL4x_V_ggd8",{"id":215,"title":216,"body":217,"born":66,"description":221,"died":66,"extension":52,"image":224,"key":225,"meta":226,"name":227,"name_en":216,"navigation":56,"path":228,"seo":229,"stem":230,"wikipedia":66,"__hash__":231},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fanonymous.md","Anonymous",{"type":8,"value":218,"toc":222},[219],[11,220,221],{},"Author unknown.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":223},[],"\u002Fa\u002Fanonymous.jpg","anonymous",{},"Anonymus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fanonymous",{"description":221},"authors\u002Fanonymous","Nox472aTg2LHPXTza2yaMPmf170xP_nUx-nN0Fzl3Eg",{"id":233,"title":234,"body":235,"born":242,"description":239,"died":243,"extension":52,"image":244,"key":245,"meta":246,"name":234,"name_en":234,"navigation":56,"path":247,"seo":248,"stem":249,"wikipedia":250,"__hash__":251},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fanthony-tuckney.md","Anthony Tuckney",{"type":8,"value":236,"toc":240},[237],[11,238,239],{},"Anthony Tuckney (1599–1670) was an English Puritan theologian and Cambridge divine. He served successively as Master of Emmanuel College (1645–1653) and Master of St John's College (1653–1660), and held the Regius Professorship of Divinity at Cambridge. A prominent member of the Westminster Assembly, he played a significant role in drafting the Westminster Confession and Catechisms. He is remembered particularly for his correspondence with Benjamin Whichcote, in which he defended Reformed orthodoxy against the latitude of the Cambridge Platonists. His forty sermons, preached over the course of his ministry and published posthumously by his son Jonathan in 1676, represent the breadth of his practical and doctrinal preaching.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":241},[],1599,1670,"\u002Fa\u002Fanthony-tuckney.jpg","anthony-tuckney",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fanthony-tuckney",{"description":239},"authors\u002Fanthony-tuckney","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnthony_Tuckney","y7g6LfIYXk643kHnxOw7p-1bu0zSkewj_TW_8gIKq4E",{"id":253,"title":254,"body":255,"born":278,"description":279,"died":280,"extension":52,"image":281,"key":282,"meta":283,"name":284,"name_en":254,"navigation":56,"path":285,"seo":286,"stem":287,"wikipedia":288,"__hash__":289},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Faphrahat.md","Aphrahat",{"type":8,"value":256,"toc":276},[257],[11,258,259,260,263,264,267,268,271,272,275],{},"Aphrahat (c. 280–c. 345), called the Persian Sage (",[15,261,262],{},"Sapiens Persa","), was a fourth-century Syriac Christian writer who lived under the Sasanian Empire, almost certainly as a celibate ascetic and possibly as a bishop or head of the monastery of Mar Mattai near Mosul. He is the earliest substantial witness to Syriac Christian thought, writing entirely outside the Greco-Roman world and apparently in no significant contact with the Greek theological tradition. Between 337 and 345 he composed twenty-three ",[15,265,266],{},"Demonstrations"," (",[15,269,270],{},"tahwyātā","), the first twenty-two arranged as an alphabetical acrostic on the Syriac alphabet and treating the Christian life — faith, love, fasting, prayer, war, monasticism, penitents, the resurrection, humility, pastors, the dispute with the Jews, the messiah, the foods, virginity, almsgiving, persecution, and death — and the twenty-third, on the grape (",[15,273,274],{},"De Acino","), serving as a recapitulation of salvation history. His expositions are notable for their extensive scriptural argumentation, their preservation of pre-Nicene exegesis, and their detailed engagement with Jewish interlocutors during the persecution of Shapur II.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":277},[],280,"Aphrahat (c. 280–c. 345), called the Persian Sage (Sapiens Persa), was a fourth-century Syriac Christian writer who lived under the Sasanian Empire, almost certainly as a celibate ascetic and possibly as a bishop or head of the monastery of Mar Mattai near Mosul. He is the earliest substantial witness to Syriac Christian thought, writing entirely outside the Greco-Roman world and apparently in no significant contact with the Greek theological tradition. Between 337 and 345 he composed twenty-three Demonstrations (tahwyātā), the first twenty-two arranged as an alphabetical acrostic on the Syriac alphabet and treating the Christian life — faith, love, fasting, prayer, war, monasticism, penitents, the resurrection, humility, pastors, the dispute with the Jews, the messiah, the foods, virginity, almsgiving, persecution, and death — and the twenty-third, on the grape (De Acino), serving as a recapitulation of salvation history. His expositions are notable for their extensive scriptural argumentation, their preservation of pre-Nicene exegesis, and their detailed engagement with Jewish interlocutors during the persecution of Shapur II.",345,"\u002Fa\u002Faphrahat.jpg","aphrahat",{},"Aphraates Sapiens Persa","\u002Fauthors\u002Faphrahat",{"description":279},"authors\u002Faphrahat","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAphrahat","KdGPaJEL1jlFYg88XCFtoUinuyVnVCQAirupPAaAkK0",{"id":291,"title":292,"body":293,"born":66,"description":308,"died":309,"extension":52,"image":310,"key":311,"meta":312,"name":313,"name_en":314,"navigation":56,"path":315,"seo":316,"stem":317,"wikipedia":318,"__hash__":319},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fastesanus-of-asti.md","Astesanus Of Asti",{"type":8,"value":294,"toc":306},[295],[11,296,297,298,301,302,305],{},"Astesanus of Asti (died c. 1330) was a Franciscan friar from Asti in Piedmont and a canon lawyer. His major work, the ",[15,299,300],{},"Summa de casibus conscientiae"," (c. 1317), became one of the most widely circulated confessors' manuals of the later Middle Ages, surviving in numerous manuscripts and early printed editions. Drawing on both civil and canon law, it was valued as a practical reference for cases of conscience, with its sections ",[15,303,304],{},"De significatione verborum"," singled out for their treatment of legal terminology. He dedicated the work to Cardinal Giovanni Caetani Orsini.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":307},[],"Astesanus of Asti (died c. 1330) was a Franciscan friar from Asti in Piedmont and a canon lawyer. His major work, the Summa de casibus conscientiae (c. 1317), became one of the most widely circulated confessors' manuals of the later Middle Ages, surviving in numerous manuscripts and early printed editions. Drawing on both civil and canon law, it was valued as a practical reference for cases of conscience, with its sections De significatione verborum singled out for their treatment of legal terminology. He dedicated the work to Cardinal Giovanni Caetani Orsini.",1330,"\u002Fa\u002Fastesanus-of-asti.jpg","astesanus-of-asti",{},"Astesanus de Ast","Astesanus of Asti","\u002Fauthors\u002Fastesanus-of-asti",{"description":308},"authors\u002Fastesanus-of-asti","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAstesanus_of_Asti","pb0UlvnzVGelYoG26swO5fjP84E_LiMXYUvYAeiLDJc",{"id":321,"title":322,"body":323,"born":343,"description":344,"died":345,"extension":52,"image":346,"key":347,"meta":348,"name":349,"name_en":350,"navigation":56,"path":351,"seo":352,"stem":353,"wikipedia":354,"__hash__":355},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Faugustine.md","Augustine",{"type":8,"value":324,"toc":341},[325],[11,326,327,328,331,332,161,334,161,337,340],{},"Augustine of Hippo (354–430) was a bishop, theologian, and philosopher from Roman North Africa, widely considered one of the most influential figures in the history of Christianity and Western philosophy. Born in Thagaste (modern Algeria) and educated in rhetoric at Carthage, he converted to Christianity in 386 after years of intellectual searching, an experience recounted in his ",[15,329,330],{},"Confessions",". As bishop of Hippo Regius from 396 until his death, he wrote prolifically on theology, scripture, ethics, and church discipline; his major works — including the ",[15,333,330],{},[15,335,336],{},"The City of God",[15,338,339],{},"On the Trinity",", and numerous treatises and letters — shaped Latin theology throughout the medieval and Reformation periods.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":342},[],354,"Augustine of Hippo (354–430) was a bishop, theologian, and philosopher from Roman North Africa, widely considered one of the most influential figures in the history of Christianity and Western philosophy. Born in Thagaste (modern Algeria) and educated in rhetoric at Carthage, he converted to Christianity in 386 after years of intellectual searching, an experience recounted in his Confessions. As bishop of Hippo Regius from 396 until his death, he wrote prolifically on theology, scripture, ethics, and church discipline; his major works — including the Confessions, The City of God, On the Trinity, and numerous treatises and letters — shaped Latin theology throughout the medieval and Reformation periods.",430,"\u002Fa\u002Faugustine.jpg","augustine",{},"Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis","Augustine of Hippo","\u002Fauthors\u002Faugustine",{"description":344},"authors\u002Faugustine","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAugustine_of_Hippo","UwwfGL6TpYZHQEoysAC2TegpfrYOWkZUQQ_TwMcDkw8",{"id":357,"title":358,"body":359,"born":370,"description":371,"died":372,"extension":52,"image":373,"key":374,"meta":375,"name":376,"name_en":377,"navigation":56,"path":378,"seo":379,"stem":380,"wikipedia":381,"__hash__":382},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fbasil-of-caesarea.md","Basil Of Caesarea",{"type":8,"value":360,"toc":368},[361],[11,362,363,364,367],{},"Basil of Caesarea (c. 329–379), also known as Basil the Great, was bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia from 370 until his death and is counted among the four Greek Doctors of the Church. Educated in Athens alongside Gregory of Nazianzus, he became one of the foremost theologians of the Nicene party in the Arian controversy, defending the full divinity of both the Son and the Holy Spirit. His voluminous correspondence — over three hundred letters survive — documents the political and theological struggles of the post-Nicene church and his efforts to unite Eastern bishops around Nicene orthodoxy. He is also the founder of the cenobitic monastic tradition in the Greek East, whose rules (",[15,365,366],{},"Asketikon",") shaped Byzantine monasticism, and a major liturgical figure whose name is attached to one of the principal Eastern eucharistic anaphoras.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":369},[],329,"Basil of Caesarea (c. 329–379), also known as Basil the Great, was bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia from 370 until his death and is counted among the four Greek Doctors of the Church. Educated in Athens alongside Gregory of Nazianzus, he became one of the foremost theologians of the Nicene party in the Arian controversy, defending the full divinity of both the Son and the Holy Spirit. His voluminous correspondence — over three hundred letters survive — documents the political and theological struggles of the post-Nicene church and his efforts to unite Eastern bishops around Nicene orthodoxy. He is also the founder of the cenobitic monastic tradition in the Greek East, whose rules (Asketikon) shaped Byzantine monasticism, and a major liturgical figure whose name is attached to one of the principal Eastern eucharistic anaphoras.",379,"\u002Fa\u002Fbasil-of-caesarea.jpg","basil-of-caesarea",{},"Basilius Caesariensis","Basil of Caesarea","\u002Fauthors\u002Fbasil-of-caesarea",{"description":371},"authors\u002Fbasil-of-caesarea","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBasil_of_Caesarea","GK-H2kZEeXbotlZxLZFcxETjr7_0-_FsSXchk7Xf-Eg",{"id":384,"title":385,"body":386,"born":414,"description":415,"died":416,"extension":52,"image":417,"key":418,"meta":419,"name":393,"name_en":385,"navigation":56,"path":420,"seo":421,"stem":422,"wikipedia":423,"__hash__":424},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fbonaventure.md","Bonaventure",{"type":8,"value":387,"toc":412},[388],[11,389,390,391,394,395,398,399,401,402,161,405,38,408,411],{},"Bonaventure of Bagnoregio (",[15,392,393],{},"Bonaventura",", c. 1217–1274), known as the ",[15,396,397],{},"Doctor Seraphicus",", was an Italian Franciscan theologian, philosopher, and cardinal. A student of Alexander of Hales at the University of Paris, he became regent master in theology there alongside his contemporary Thomas Aquinas. Elected Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor in 1257, he guided the Franciscans through a period of internal crisis and is often called the order's \"second founder.\" His commentary on Peter Lombard's ",[15,400,126],{}," — composed in the late 1250s — remains the most influential medieval Franciscan systematic theology, and his shorter works (",[15,403,404],{},"Itinerarium mentis in Deum",[15,406,407],{},"Breviloquium",[15,409,410],{},"Legenda Maior"," of Francis) shaped Franciscan spirituality. Created Cardinal Bishop of Albano in 1273, he died at the Second Council of Lyon (1274); he was canonized in 1482 and named a Doctor of the Church in 1588.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":413},[],1217,"Bonaventure of Bagnoregio (Bonaventura, c. 1217–1274), known as the Doctor Seraphicus, was an Italian Franciscan theologian, philosopher, and cardinal. A student of Alexander of Hales at the University of Paris, he became regent master in theology there alongside his contemporary Thomas Aquinas. Elected Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor in 1257, he guided the Franciscans through a period of internal crisis and is often called the order's \"second founder.\" His commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences — composed in the late 1250s — remains the most influential medieval Franciscan systematic theology, and his shorter works (Itinerarium mentis in Deum, Breviloquium, the Legenda Maior of Francis) shaped Franciscan spirituality. Created Cardinal Bishop of Albano in 1273, he died at the Second Council of Lyon (1274); he was canonized in 1482 and named a Doctor of the Church in 1588.",1274,"\u002Fa\u002Fbonaventure.jpg","bonaventure",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fbonaventure",{"description":415},"authors\u002Fbonaventure","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBonaventure","-NAcDTzRz7gQ_tXcRuzXIPrWdwTVElumdfCjIMHQQY8",{"id":426,"title":427,"body":428,"born":457,"description":458,"died":459,"extension":52,"image":460,"key":461,"meta":462,"name":463,"name_en":463,"navigation":56,"path":464,"seo":465,"stem":466,"wikipedia":467,"__hash__":468},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fdante.md","Dante",{"type":8,"value":429,"toc":455},[430],[11,431,432,433,436,437,440,441,34,444,447,448,451,452,454],{},"Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) was a Florentine poet, political thinker, and moral philosopher, widely regarded as the greatest writer of the Italian Middle Ages and one of the foundational figures of European literature. Born into a minor noble family in Florence, he served in civic offices of the Florentine republic until his exile in 1302 after the victory of the Black Guelphs, after which he never returned to his city. His literary output includes the ",[15,434,435],{},"Vita Nuova",", the philosophical ",[15,438,439],{},"Convivio",", the Latin treatises ",[15,442,443],{},"De vulgari eloquentia",[15,445,446],{},"Monarchia",", and above all the ",[15,449,450],{},"Commedia",", completed shortly before his death in Ravenna. The ",[15,453,450],{}," established the Tuscan vernacular as a literary language and exerted a shaping influence on theology, political thought, and poetic form in the centuries that followed.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":456},[],1265,"Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) was a Florentine poet, political thinker, and moral philosopher, widely regarded as the greatest writer of the Italian Middle Ages and one of the foundational figures of European literature. Born into a minor noble family in Florence, he served in civic offices of the Florentine republic until his exile in 1302 after the victory of the Black Guelphs, after which he never returned to his city. His literary output includes the Vita Nuova, the philosophical Convivio, the Latin treatises De vulgari eloquentia and Monarchia, and above all the Commedia, completed shortly before his death in Ravenna. The Commedia established the Tuscan vernacular as a literary language and exerted a shaping influence on theology, political thought, and poetic form in the centuries that followed.",1321,"\u002Fa\u002Fdante.jpg","dante",{},"Dante Alighieri","\u002Fauthors\u002Fdante",{"description":458},"authors\u002Fdante","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDante_Alighieri","sbmVqfGjvyhf1vKynlzR-GfT8XHadkPtC-RAIV4jiHU",{"id":470,"title":471,"body":472,"born":457,"description":509,"died":510,"extension":52,"image":511,"key":512,"meta":513,"name":479,"name_en":514,"navigation":56,"path":515,"seo":516,"stem":517,"wikipedia":518,"__hash__":519},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fduns-scotus.md","Duns Scotus",{"type":8,"value":473,"toc":507},[474],[11,475,476,477,480,481,484,485,487,488,491,492,495,496,499,500,502,503,506],{},"John Duns Scotus (",[15,478,479],{},"Joannes Duns Scotus",", c. 1265\u002F66–1308), known as the ",[15,482,483],{},"Doctor Subtilis",", was a Scottish Franciscan theologian and philosopher whose work shaped late-medieval scholasticism. After joining the Order of Friars Minor and studying at Oxford and Paris, he lectured on Peter Lombard's ",[15,486,126],{}," at both universities; his successive lecture courses survive as the ",[15,489,490],{},"Lectura"," (Oxford), the ",[15,493,494],{},"Ordinatio"," (the revised \"Oxford work\" he was preparing for publication at his death), and the ",[15,497,498],{},"Reportationes"," (Paris). He died at Cologne in 1308 at around forty-three years old, leaving the ",[15,501,494],{}," unfinished. His sharply argued positions on the univocity of being, formal distinction, individuation by ",[15,504,505],{},"haecceitas",", the will's primacy, and the Immaculate Conception founded the Scotist school — which alongside Thomism became one of the two great currents of late-medieval Catholic theology. He was beatified in 1993.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":508},[],"John Duns Scotus (Joannes Duns Scotus, c. 1265\u002F66–1308), known as the Doctor Subtilis, was a Scottish Franciscan theologian and philosopher whose work shaped late-medieval scholasticism. After joining the Order of Friars Minor and studying at Oxford and Paris, he lectured on Peter Lombard's Sentences at both universities; his successive lecture courses survive as the Lectura (Oxford), the Ordinatio (the revised \"Oxford work\" he was preparing for publication at his death), and the Reportationes (Paris). He died at Cologne in 1308 at around forty-three years old, leaving the Ordinatio unfinished. His sharply argued positions on the univocity of being, formal distinction, individuation by haecceitas, the will's primacy, and the Immaculate Conception founded the Scotist school — which alongside Thomism became one of the two great currents of late-medieval Catholic theology. He was beatified in 1993.",1308,"\u002Fa\u002Fduns-scotus.jpg","duns-scotus",{},"John Duns Scotus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fduns-scotus",{"description":509},"authors\u002Fduns-scotus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDuns_Scotus","F1GUXpC6XZn4GcnRDL1atx7vfvbaZ9P04pBzzbPvqMU",{"id":521,"title":522,"body":523,"born":530,"description":527,"died":531,"extension":52,"image":532,"key":533,"meta":534,"name":535,"name_en":536,"navigation":56,"path":537,"seo":538,"stem":539,"wikipedia":540,"__hash__":541},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fdurandus.md","Durandus",{"type":8,"value":524,"toc":528},[525],[11,526,527],{},"Durand of Saint-Pourçain (Durandus de Sancto Porciano) was a French Dominican theologian and philosopher, born around 1275 in the Auvergne region of France. He studied and taught in Paris and became one of the most original scholastic thinkers of the early fourteenth century, known for diverging from the Thomistic positions dominant in his order on questions of cognition, individuation, and the soul's powers. He served as Bishop of Limoux (1317), Le Puy-en-Velay (1318), and Meaux (1326) until his death in 1334. His commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, which went through multiple redactions, remains his most influential work and was widely read and disputed throughout the later medieval period.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":529},[],1275,1334,"\u002Fa\u002Fdurandus.jpg","durandus",{},"Durandus de Sancto Porciano","Durand of Saint-Pourçain","\u002Fauthors\u002Fdurandus",{"description":527},"authors\u002Fdurandus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDurand_of_Saint-Pourçain","PlfMwhAZ5xeWk89Tpdw4kGaHana1SQfC-_Glh0P3QjA",{"id":543,"title":544,"body":545,"born":556,"description":557,"died":203,"extension":52,"image":558,"key":559,"meta":560,"name":544,"name_en":544,"navigation":56,"path":561,"seo":562,"stem":563,"wikipedia":564,"__hash__":565},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgabriel-biel.md","Gabriel Biel",{"type":8,"value":546,"toc":554},[547],[11,548,549,550,553],{},"Gabriel Biel (c. 1425–1495) was a German Catholic theologian and one of the last major representatives of late scholasticism, often called \"the last of the scholastics.\" Born in Speyer, he studied at Heidelberg, Erfurt, and Cologne before becoming a cathedral preacher in Mainz and later joining the Brethren of the Common Life. In 1484 he was appointed to the newly founded University of Tübingen, where he taught theology until shortly before his death. His principal work, the ",[15,551,552],{},"Collectorium circa quattuor libros Sententiarum",", is a vast synthesis of nominalist theology drawing especially on William of Ockham, and exercised a profound influence on Martin Luther and other reformers.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":555},[],1425,"Gabriel Biel (c. 1425–1495) was a German Catholic theologian and one of the last major representatives of late scholasticism, often called \"the last of the scholastics.\" Born in Speyer, he studied at Heidelberg, Erfurt, and Cologne before becoming a cathedral preacher in Mainz and later joining the Brethren of the Common Life. In 1484 he was appointed to the newly founded University of Tübingen, where he taught theology until shortly before his death. His principal work, the Collectorium circa quattuor libros Sententiarum, is a vast synthesis of nominalist theology drawing especially on William of Ockham, and exercised a profound influence on Martin Luther and other reformers.","\u002Fa\u002Fgabriel-biel.jpg","gabriel-biel",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fgabriel-biel",{"description":557},"authors\u002Fgabriel-biel","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGabriel_Biel","OrjDn-z-wcBjM-VgytH4dda_0i04ofXuVOLUzS026iA",{"id":567,"title":568,"body":569,"born":584,"description":585,"died":586,"extension":52,"image":587,"key":588,"meta":589,"name":590,"name_en":568,"navigation":56,"path":591,"seo":592,"stem":593,"wikipedia":594,"__hash__":595},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgeert-groote.md","Geert Groote",{"type":8,"value":570,"toc":582},[571],[11,572,573,574,577,578,581],{},"Geert Groote (Gerardus Magnus, 1340–1384) was a Dutch preacher, deacon, and reformer of Deventer who, after a worldly youth and university studies at Paris, underwent a religious conversion around 1374 and devoted the rest of his life to the renewal of Christian piety in the IJssel region. Licensed to preach throughout the diocese of Utrecht, he attacked clerical abuses — including simony, concubinage, and the buying of admission to beguine houses — and gathered a community of women in his family home that became the seed of the Sisters of the Common Life; his followers among his student Florens Radewijns and others founded the Brethren of the Common Life shortly after his death. Groote is regarded as the father of the ",[15,575,576],{},"devotio moderna",", the late-medieval movement of inward piety and lay spirituality that shaped Thomas à Kempis's ",[15,579,580],{},"Imitatio Christi"," and the Windesheim Congregation of Augustinian Canons. He died of plague at Deventer while caring for the sick.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":583},[],1340,"Geert Groote (Gerardus Magnus, 1340–1384) was a Dutch preacher, deacon, and reformer of Deventer who, after a worldly youth and university studies at Paris, underwent a religious conversion around 1374 and devoted the rest of his life to the renewal of Christian piety in the IJssel region. Licensed to preach throughout the diocese of Utrecht, he attacked clerical abuses — including simony, concubinage, and the buying of admission to beguine houses — and gathered a community of women in his family home that became the seed of the Sisters of the Common Life; his followers among his student Florens Radewijns and others founded the Brethren of the Common Life shortly after his death. Groote is regarded as the father of the devotio moderna, the late-medieval movement of inward piety and lay spirituality that shaped Thomas à Kempis's Imitatio Christi and the Windesheim Congregation of Augustinian Canons. He died of plague at Deventer while caring for the sick.",1384,"\u002Fa\u002Fgeert-groote.jpg","geert-groote",{},"Gerardus Magnus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgeert-groote",{"description":585},"authors\u002Fgeert-groote","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGeert_Groote","b-IV2ZEjuQFpxUQPP4dTddW4vbK0F-XyzqOmF9QcnwE",{"id":597,"title":598,"body":599,"born":66,"description":612,"died":66,"extension":52,"image":613,"key":614,"meta":615,"name":616,"name_en":617,"navigation":56,"path":618,"seo":619,"stem":620,"wikipedia":66,"__hash__":621},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgeoffrey-poitiers.md","Geoffrey Poitiers",{"type":8,"value":600,"toc":610},[601],[11,602,603,604,606,607,609],{},"Geoffrey of Poitiers (Gaufridus Pictaviensis, fl. early 13th century) was a master of theology at the University of Paris, active in the circle of Peter the Chanter and a student of Stephen Langton. His ",[15,605,21],{}," (composed ca. 1213–1215) is one of the earliest systematic Parisian summas to draw extensively on Langton's lectures, treating God, creation, the fall, the incarnation, the sacraments, and Christian ethics in the order of Peter Lombard's ",[15,608,126],{},". Though widely cited by later scholastics and surviving in several manuscripts, the Summa was never printed and remains largely unedited; only excerpts have appeared in modern scholarship.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":611},[],"Geoffrey of Poitiers (Gaufridus Pictaviensis, fl. early 13th century) was a master of theology at the University of Paris, active in the circle of Peter the Chanter and a student of Stephen Langton. His Summa (composed ca. 1213–1215) is one of the earliest systematic Parisian summas to draw extensively on Langton's lectures, treating God, creation, the fall, the incarnation, the sacraments, and Christian ethics in the order of Peter Lombard's Sentences. Though widely cited by later scholastics and surviving in several manuscripts, the Summa was never printed and remains largely unedited; only excerpts have appeared in modern scholarship.","\u002Fa\u002Fgeoffrey-poitiers.jpg","geoffrey-poitiers",{},"Gaufridus Pictaviensis","Geoffrey of Poitiers","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgeoffrey-poitiers",{"description":612},"authors\u002Fgeoffrey-poitiers","M1gipf-7_elXipk3xo8cXGv9CjEbz4sZGWDfKlji8oY",{"id":623,"title":624,"body":625,"born":643,"description":644,"died":645,"extension":52,"image":646,"key":647,"meta":648,"name":649,"name_en":650,"navigation":56,"path":651,"seo":652,"stem":653,"wikipedia":654,"__hash__":655},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgerhoh.md","Gerhoh",{"type":8,"value":626,"toc":641},[627],[11,628,629,630,38,633,636,637,640],{},"Gerhoch of Reichersberg (1093–1169) was a German Augustinian canon, reformer, and prolific polemical theologian who served as provost of the monastery of Reichersberg in Bavaria from 1132 until his death. A committed adherent of the Gregorian Reform, he wrote extensively against simony, lay investiture, and the perceived corruption of the imperial church, while also engaging in doctrinal controversies with the schools of Paris over the nature of Christ and the sacraments. His major works include the ",[15,631,632],{},"Liber de edificio Dei",[15,634,635],{},"De investigatione Antichristi",", and extensive commentaries on the Psalms, which weave together ecclesiological polemic and spiritual exegesis. His writings occupy the bulk of the third volume of the MGH ",[15,638,639],{},"Libelli de Lite",", reflecting his central importance in twelfth-century debates over ecclesiastical reform.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":642},[],1093,"Gerhoch of Reichersberg (1093–1169) was a German Augustinian canon, reformer, and prolific polemical theologian who served as provost of the monastery of Reichersberg in Bavaria from 1132 until his death. A committed adherent of the Gregorian Reform, he wrote extensively against simony, lay investiture, and the perceived corruption of the imperial church, while also engaging in doctrinal controversies with the schools of Paris over the nature of Christ and the sacraments. His major works include the Liber de edificio Dei, the De investigatione Antichristi, and extensive commentaries on the Psalms, which weave together ecclesiological polemic and spiritual exegesis. His writings occupy the bulk of the third volume of the MGH Libelli de Lite, reflecting his central importance in twelfth-century debates over ecclesiastical reform.",1169,"\u002Fa\u002Fgerhoh.jpg","gerhoh",{},"Gerhohus Reichersbergensis","Gerhoch of Reichersberg","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgerhoh",{"description":644},"authors\u002Fgerhoh","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGerhoch_of_Reichersberg","owlQGz1y97IRaUe9U9_BPGDUg6xyBJgJizZrIgbyukU",{"id":657,"title":658,"body":659,"born":677,"description":678,"died":679,"extension":52,"image":680,"key":681,"meta":682,"name":683,"name_en":658,"navigation":56,"path":684,"seo":685,"stem":686,"wikipedia":687,"__hash__":688},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgratian.md","Gratian",{"type":8,"value":660,"toc":675},[661],[11,662,663,664,667,668,670,671,674],{},"Gratian was a twelfth-century monk and jurist, probably active at the Camaldolese monastery of Saints Felix and Nabor in Bologna, where he compiled the ",[15,665,666],{},"Concordia Discordantium Canonum"," (later called the ",[15,669,33],{},") around 1140. The work reconciled contradictory statements from patristic writings, papal decretals, and conciliar canons using the scholastic method, creating the first systematic synthesis of canon law. It became the foundational text of the ",[15,672,673],{},"Corpus Iuris Canonici"," and remained the basis of Catholic canonical studies until the promulgation of the 1917 Code of Canon Law. Gratian's biography is largely unknown; his dates, origin, and even his status as a historical individual have been subjects of scholarly debate.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":676},[],1080,"Gratian was a twelfth-century monk and jurist, probably active at the Camaldolese monastery of Saints Felix and Nabor in Bologna, where he compiled the Concordia Discordantium Canonum (later called the Decretum) around 1140. The work reconciled contradictory statements from patristic writings, papal decretals, and conciliar canons using the scholastic method, creating the first systematic synthesis of canon law. It became the foundational text of the Corpus Iuris Canonici and remained the basis of Catholic canonical studies until the promulgation of the 1917 Code of Canon Law. Gratian's biography is largely unknown; his dates, origin, and even his status as a historical individual have been subjects of scholarly debate.",1160,"\u002Fa\u002Fgratian.jpg","gratian",{},"Gratianus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgratian",{"description":678},"authors\u002Fgratian","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGratian_(jurist)","SSCmUYlulbEAixUBTz5ESN6o8Vj5bvX5YVHwRZXruz4",{"id":690,"title":691,"body":692,"born":703,"description":704,"died":705,"extension":52,"image":706,"key":707,"meta":708,"name":709,"name_en":691,"navigation":56,"path":710,"seo":711,"stem":712,"wikipedia":713,"__hash__":714},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgregory-i.md","Gregory I",{"type":8,"value":693,"toc":701},[694],[11,695,696,697,700],{},"Gregory I, known as Gregory the Great, served as bishop of Rome from 590 until his death in 604, becoming one of the most influential popes of late antiquity and the early medieval period. Born into a Roman senatorial family around 540, he converted his family estate into a monastery before being drawn into papal diplomacy and ultimately elected pope. His voluminous correspondence, preserved in the ",[15,698,699],{},"Registrum Epistolarum",", reveals the broad scope of his administrative, pastoral, and theological concerns, from the organization of church property and the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to the suppression of simony and the care of the Roman poor. He is recognized as a Doctor of the Church and patron saint of musicians and teachers.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":702},[],540,"Gregory I, known as Gregory the Great, served as bishop of Rome from 590 until his death in 604, becoming one of the most influential popes of late antiquity and the early medieval period. Born into a Roman senatorial family around 540, he converted his family estate into a monastery before being drawn into papal diplomacy and ultimately elected pope. His voluminous correspondence, preserved in the Registrum Epistolarum, reveals the broad scope of his administrative, pastoral, and theological concerns, from the organization of church property and the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to the suppression of simony and the care of the Roman poor. He is recognized as a Doctor of the Church and patron saint of musicians and teachers.",604,"\u002Fa\u002Fgregory-i.jpg","gregory-i",{},"Gregorius I","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgregory-i",{"description":704},"authors\u002Fgregory-i","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPope_Gregory_I","PNy6WpypnR3LN2CkbAkkJWVxspk2W5IQZYuwUw3BkHA",{"id":716,"title":717,"body":718,"born":733,"description":734,"died":735,"extension":52,"image":736,"key":737,"meta":738,"name":739,"name_en":740,"navigation":56,"path":741,"seo":742,"stem":743,"wikipedia":744,"__hash__":745},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fgregory-vii.md","Gregory Vii",{"type":8,"value":719,"toc":731},[720],[11,721,722,723,726,727,730],{},"Gregory VII (born Hildebrand of Sovana, c. 1015–1085) served as bishop of Rome from 1073 until his death in exile at Salerno, and gave his name to the Gregorian Reform — the eleventh-century movement to free the church from lay investiture, clerical marriage, and the buying and selling of ecclesiastical offices. Before his pontificate he had served successive reforming popes as archdeacon and chief advisor at the Roman court, helping to shape the papal-election decree of 1059 and the Patarine alliance at Milan. His Lent synods of 1074 and 1075 promulgated the foundational legislation against simony and Nicolaitism, and his confrontation with Henry IV over the appointment of bishops produced the Investiture Controversy and the famous penance at Canossa (1077). The ",[15,724,725],{},"Dictatus papae",", preserved in his ",[15,728,729],{},"Registrum"," at II, 55a, sets out twenty-seven terse propositions on papal supremacy, including the deposition of simoniac bishops.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":732},[],1015,"Gregory VII (born Hildebrand of Sovana, c. 1015–1085) served as bishop of Rome from 1073 until his death in exile at Salerno, and gave his name to the Gregorian Reform — the eleventh-century movement to free the church from lay investiture, clerical marriage, and the buying and selling of ecclesiastical offices. Before his pontificate he had served successive reforming popes as archdeacon and chief advisor at the Roman court, helping to shape the papal-election decree of 1059 and the Patarine alliance at Milan. His Lent synods of 1074 and 1075 promulgated the foundational legislation against simony and Nicolaitism, and his confrontation with Henry IV over the appointment of bishops produced the Investiture Controversy and the famous penance at Canossa (1077). The Dictatus papae, preserved in his Registrum at II, 55a, sets out twenty-seven terse propositions on papal supremacy, including the deposition of simoniac bishops.",1085,"\u002Fa\u002Fgregory-vii.jpg","gregory-vii",{},"Gregorius VII","Gregory VII","\u002Fauthors\u002Fgregory-vii",{"description":734},"authors\u002Fgregory-vii","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPope_Gregory_VII","OL3qGklLU3Hp0GdQQ3tcs__qxpq22fbOK5IMHnFTofU",{"id":747,"title":748,"body":749,"born":760,"description":761,"died":762,"extension":52,"image":763,"key":764,"meta":765,"name":766,"name_en":767,"navigation":56,"path":768,"seo":769,"stem":770,"wikipedia":771,"__hash__":772},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fguido-of-arezzo.md","Guido Of Arezzo",{"type":8,"value":750,"toc":758},[751],[11,752,753,754,757],{},"Guido of Arezzo (ca. 991–1033) was a Benedictine monk and music theorist, best known for developing the modern system of musical notation and solmization (the basis of solfège). Born in Arezzo, he entered the monastery of Pomposa near Ferrara, where he wrote his influential treatise ",[15,755,756],{},"Micrologus"," (ca. 1026). His letter to Archbishop Heribert of Milan against simony, written in the early eleventh century, is one of the earliest systematic reform-era arguments against the purchase of holy orders, drawing on Gregory the Great and Augustine to argue that simoniacal ordination communicates no valid grace and that complicity in simony amounts to heresy.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":759},[],991,"Guido of Arezzo (ca. 991–1033) was a Benedictine monk and music theorist, best known for developing the modern system of musical notation and solmization (the basis of solfège). Born in Arezzo, he entered the monastery of Pomposa near Ferrara, where he wrote his influential treatise Micrologus (ca. 1026). His letter to Archbishop Heribert of Milan against simony, written in the early eleventh century, is one of the earliest systematic reform-era arguments against the purchase of holy orders, drawing on Gregory the Great and Augustine to argue that simoniacal ordination communicates no valid grace and that complicity in simony amounts to heresy.",1033,"\u002Fa\u002Fguido-of-arezzo.jpg","guido-of-arezzo",{},"Guido Aretinus","Guido of Arezzo","\u002Fauthors\u002Fguido-of-arezzo",{"description":761},"authors\u002Fguido-of-arezzo","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuido_of_Arezzo","ZtJ1KG_md2cqr8J7k2RxitM9-B4_TLpvAFP8NGjnV0M",{"id":774,"title":775,"body":776,"born":791,"description":792,"died":793,"extension":52,"image":794,"key":795,"meta":796,"name":775,"name_en":775,"navigation":56,"path":797,"seo":798,"stem":799,"wikipedia":800,"__hash__":801},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fhenry-burton.md","Henry Burton",{"type":8,"value":777,"toc":789},[778],[11,779,780,781,784,785,788],{},"Henry Burton (1578–1648) was an English Puritan clergyman and controversialist, best known as one of three men — alongside William Prynne and John Bastwick — pilloried and mutilated by the Star Chamber in 1637 for publishing anti-episcopal writings. He served as Clerk of the Closet to Princes Henry and Charles, and from 1625 was Rector of St. Matthew Friday Street, London. Released by Parliament in 1640, he continued to write and preach as an Independent. His works include ",[15,782,783],{},"A Censure of Simony"," (1624) and ",[15,786,787],{},"For God and the King"," (1636).",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":790},[],1578,"Henry Burton (1578–1648) was an English Puritan clergyman and controversialist, best known as one of three men — alongside William Prynne and John Bastwick — pilloried and mutilated by the Star Chamber in 1637 for publishing anti-episcopal writings. He served as Clerk of the Closet to Princes Henry and Charles, and from 1625 was Rector of St. Matthew Friday Street, London. Released by Parliament in 1640, he continued to write and preach as an Independent. His works include A Censure of Simony (1624) and For God and the King (1636).",1648,"\u002Fa\u002Fhenry-burton.jpg","henry-burton",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fhenry-burton",{"description":792},"authors\u002Fhenry-burton","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHenry_Burton_(minister)","J7YefkwcWTWT2o-OVmIMAZVHVkbYSMjjWi6TwVIvZrI",{"id":803,"title":804,"body":805,"born":816,"description":817,"died":818,"extension":52,"image":819,"key":820,"meta":821,"name":822,"name_en":823,"navigation":56,"path":824,"seo":825,"stem":826,"wikipedia":827,"__hash__":828},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fhermann-von-der-hardt.md","Hermann Von Der Hardt",{"type":8,"value":806,"toc":814},[807],[11,808,809,810,813],{},"Hermann von der Hardt (1660–1746) was a German Lutheran theologian, church historian, and orientalist who served as professor of Oriental languages at the University of Helmstedt from 1690 and as librarian to Duke Rudolf August of Brunswick-Lüneburg. A pupil of the Pietist August Hermann Francke, he combined wide philological learning with an appetite for documentary history. His best-known work is the six-volume ",[15,811,812],{},"Magnum Oecumenicum Constantiense Concilium"," (1697–1700), a vast collection of sources on the Council of Constance assembled from manuscripts across German and imperial libraries, which remained a standard reference for conciliar studies well into the modern era. His later allegorical readings of the Old Testament attracted controversy and cost him his theological chair, though he retained his oriental professorship until his death.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":815},[],1660,"Hermann von der Hardt (1660–1746) was a German Lutheran theologian, church historian, and orientalist who served as professor of Oriental languages at the University of Helmstedt from 1690 and as librarian to Duke Rudolf August of Brunswick-Lüneburg. A pupil of the Pietist August Hermann Francke, he combined wide philological learning with an appetite for documentary history. His best-known work is the six-volume Magnum Oecumenicum Constantiense Concilium (1697–1700), a vast collection of sources on the Council of Constance assembled from manuscripts across German and imperial libraries, which remained a standard reference for conciliar studies well into the modern era. His later allegorical readings of the Old Testament attracted controversy and cost him his theological chair, though he retained his oriental professorship until his death.",1746,"\u002Fa\u002Fhermann-von-der-hardt.jpg","hermann-von-der-hardt",{},"Hermannus von der Hardt","Hermann von der Hardt","\u002Fauthors\u002Fhermann-von-der-hardt",{"description":817},"authors\u002Fhermann-von-der-hardt","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHermann_von_der_Hardt","25nQXDXfKO2Cvdn860zLsK9onhUzVQZeh37-WkOtcbY",{"id":830,"title":831,"body":832,"born":96,"description":857,"died":858,"extension":52,"image":859,"key":6,"meta":860,"name":861,"name_en":862,"navigation":56,"path":863,"seo":864,"stem":865,"wikipedia":866,"__hash__":867},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fhostiensis.md","Hostiensis",{"type":8,"value":833,"toc":855},[834],[11,835,836,837,839,840,843,844,846,847,850,851,854],{},"Henricus de Segusio (Henry of Susa, c. 1200–1271), known as Hostiensis from his late cardinal-bishopric of Ostia, was the leading canonist of the thirteenth century. After studying and teaching Roman and canon law at Bologna and Paris, he served as archdeacon of Paris, bishop of Sisteron, archbishop of Embrun, and finally Cardinal Bishop of Ostia (1262). His two great commentaries — the ",[15,838,21],{}," on the titles of the Decretals of Gregory IX (later called the ",[15,841,842],{},"Summa aurea",") and the ",[15,845,490],{}," (or ",[15,848,849],{},"Commentaria",") on the same Decretals — synthesised the ",[15,852,853],{},"ius commune"," of Roman and canon law and remained authoritative throughout the later Middle Ages. Hostiensis articulated influential doctrines on papal plenitude of power, the relationship between secular and ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and the rights of non-Christians.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":856},[],"Henricus de Segusio (Henry of Susa, c. 1200–1271), known as Hostiensis from his late cardinal-bishopric of Ostia, was the leading canonist of the thirteenth century. After studying and teaching Roman and canon law at Bologna and Paris, he served as archdeacon of Paris, bishop of Sisteron, archbishop of Embrun, and finally Cardinal Bishop of Ostia (1262). His two great commentaries — the Summa on the titles of the Decretals of Gregory IX (later called the Summa aurea) and the Lectura (or Commentaria) on the same Decretals — synthesised the ius commune of Roman and canon law and remained authoritative throughout the later Middle Ages. Hostiensis articulated influential doctrines on papal plenitude of power, the relationship between secular and ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and the rights of non-Christians.",1271,"\u002Fa\u002Fhostiensis.jpg",{},"Henricus de Segusio","Henry of Susa","\u002Fauthors\u002Fhostiensis",{"description":857},"authors\u002Fhostiensis","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHenry_of_Segusio","AZRemXkrY1X3x1OPTRCbdVVAh5VYEAIJmSyIz9W8Mdo",{"id":869,"title":870,"body":871,"born":66,"description":889,"died":66,"extension":52,"image":890,"key":891,"meta":892,"name":893,"name_en":894,"navigation":56,"path":895,"seo":896,"stem":897,"wikipedia":66,"__hash__":898},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fhuguccio-pisa.md","Huguccio Pisa",{"type":8,"value":872,"toc":887},[873],[11,874,875,876,879,880,882,883,886],{},"Huguccio of Pisa (Hugutio Pisanus, ca. 1140–1210) was an Italian canonist and grammarian who taught canon law at Bologna before being elected bishop of Ferrara in 1190. His ",[15,877,878],{},"Summa Decretorum",", composed ca. 1188–1190, is the longest and most influential of the twelfth-century commentaries on Gratian's ",[15,881,33],{},", synthesizing the work of earlier decretists and shaping every subsequent generation of canonical scholarship; his pupil Lothar of Segni later became Pope Innocent III. Huguccio also produced the ",[15,884,885],{},"Derivationes",", a vast etymological lexicon that circulated widely through the later Middle Ages.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":888},[],"Huguccio of Pisa (Hugutio Pisanus, ca. 1140–1210) was an Italian canonist and grammarian who taught canon law at Bologna before being elected bishop of Ferrara in 1190. His Summa Decretorum, composed ca. 1188–1190, is the longest and most influential of the twelfth-century commentaries on Gratian's Decretum, synthesizing the work of earlier decretists and shaping every subsequent generation of canonical scholarship; his pupil Lothar of Segni later became Pope Innocent III. Huguccio also produced the Derivationes, a vast etymological lexicon that circulated widely through the later Middle Ages.","\u002Fa\u002Fhuguccio-pisa.jpg","huguccio-pisa",{},"Hugutio Pisanus","Huguccio of Pisa","\u002Fauthors\u002Fhuguccio-pisa",{"description":889},"authors\u002Fhuguccio-pisa","-l6F-0Wwkzvyd7fn3tFsnNOLNR5XfRbRJvUY0QVbfHc",{"id":900,"title":901,"body":902,"born":733,"description":913,"died":914,"extension":52,"image":915,"key":916,"meta":917,"name":918,"name_en":919,"navigation":56,"path":920,"seo":921,"stem":922,"wikipedia":923,"__hash__":924},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fhumbert-of-silva-candida.md","Humbert Of Silva Candida",{"type":8,"value":903,"toc":911},[904],[11,905,906,907,910],{},"Humbert of Silva Candida (ca. 1015–1061) was a Benedictine monk from Lorraine who became one of the foremost intellectual architects of the eleventh-century Gregorian Reform. Appointed cardinal-bishop of Silva Candida by Pope Leo IX around 1050, he served as the papacy's most forceful polemicist against simony and lay investiture, arguing in his ",[15,908,909],{},"Libri tres adversus simoniacos"," (ca. 1058) that the simoniacal ordination of clergy was heretical and void — a position more radical than most of his contemporaries. He also played a central role in the 1054 schism between Rome and Constantinople, personally delivering the bull of excommunication against Patriarch Michael Cerularius. His writings exercised a lasting influence on the theory of papal authority and the separation of clerical and lay power.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":912},[],"Humbert of Silva Candida (ca. 1015–1061) was a Benedictine monk from Lorraine who became one of the foremost intellectual architects of the eleventh-century Gregorian Reform. Appointed cardinal-bishop of Silva Candida by Pope Leo IX around 1050, he served as the papacy's most forceful polemicist against simony and lay investiture, arguing in his Libri tres adversus simoniacos (ca. 1058) that the simoniacal ordination of clergy was heretical and void — a position more radical than most of his contemporaries. He also played a central role in the 1054 schism between Rome and Constantinople, personally delivering the bull of excommunication against Patriarch Michael Cerularius. His writings exercised a lasting influence on the theory of papal authority and the separation of clerical and lay power.",1061,"\u002Fa\u002Fhumbert-of-silva-candida.jpg","humbert-of-silva-candida",{},"Humbertus Silvae Candidae Episcopus","Humbert of Silva Candida","\u002Fauthors\u002Fhumbert-of-silva-candida",{"description":913},"authors\u002Fhumbert-of-silva-candida","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHumbert_of_Silva_Candida","q49szzzYNpsPT0zYY4OOn53Xr_XQ0p426LoARFGzaBo",{"id":926,"title":927,"body":928,"born":935,"description":932,"died":936,"extension":52,"image":937,"key":938,"meta":939,"name":940,"name_en":927,"navigation":56,"path":941,"seo":942,"stem":943,"wikipedia":944,"__hash__":945},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjan-hus.md","Jan Hus",{"type":8,"value":929,"toc":933},[930],[11,931,932],{},"Jan Hus (Latin: Iohannes Hus) was a Czech theologian, philosopher, and reformer who served as rector of Charles University in Prague. Influenced by the writings of John Wycliffe, Hus became a leading critic of ecclesiastical corruption, simony, and the sale of indulgences. His preaching in Czech at the Bethlehem Chapel drew a wide popular following. Hus was excommunicated in 1411 and summoned to the Council of Constance under a promise of safe conduct, where he was tried for heresy and burned at the stake on 6 July 1415. His execution provoked the Hussite Wars and made him a central figure in Czech national and religious identity.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":934},[],1372,1415,"\u002Fa\u002Fjan-hus.jpg","jan-hus",{},"Iohannes Hus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjan-hus",{"description":932},"authors\u002Fjan-hus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJan_Hus","yk5mixE_fGnwy2M5-Sa1ytE-eKxnVFStiI_8oYM_2F8",{"id":947,"title":948,"body":949,"born":956,"description":953,"died":957,"extension":52,"image":958,"key":959,"meta":960,"name":961,"name_en":948,"navigation":56,"path":962,"seo":963,"stem":964,"wikipedia":965,"__hash__":966},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjean-gerson.md","Jean Gerson",{"type":8,"value":950,"toc":954},[951],[11,952,953],{},"Jean Gerson (Latin: Iohannes Gersonius) was a French theologian, mystic, and ecclesiastical reformer who served as Chancellor of the University of Paris from 1395 until his death. A leading conciliarist, he played a decisive role at the Council of Constance (1414–1418) in ending the Western Schism and in the trials of Jan Hus and Jerome of Prague. Gerson wrote prolifically on pastoral theology, mystical contemplation, ecclesiastical governance, and the reform of the Church, and he was widely read throughout the late medieval and early modern periods. His works on simony, clerical discipline, and the limits of papal authority made him one of the most influential churchmen of the fifteenth century.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":955},[],1363,1429,"\u002Fa\u002Fjean-gerson.jpg","jean-gerson",{},"Iohannes Gersonius","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjean-gerson",{"description":953},"authors\u002Fjean-gerson","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJean_Gerson","1qLpaWi5xuESDj7yHa77u7YQ6sIdXYA64b2MO0t0UOE",{"id":968,"title":969,"body":970,"born":991,"description":992,"died":140,"extension":52,"image":224,"key":993,"meta":994,"name":995,"name_en":969,"navigation":56,"path":996,"seo":997,"stem":998,"wikipedia":999,"__hash__":1000},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohannes-teutonicus.md","Johannes Teutonicus",{"type":8,"value":971,"toc":989},[972],[11,973,974,975,978,979,981,982,985,986,988],{},"Johannes Teutonicus (Johann Zemeke), a German canonist trained at Bologna, compiled the ",[15,976,977],{},"Apparatus"," on Gratian's ",[15,980,33],{}," around 1216 — the great running gloss that drew together the work of the earlier decretists and became the ",[15,983,984],{},"glossa ordinaria"," of the Decretum. He served as provost of the Halberstadt cathedral chapter and later as bishop-elect, and was active at the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), on whose canons he also wrote an apparatus. His gloss on the Decretum, revised by Bartholomaeus Brixiensis around 1245, dominated the teaching of canon law for the rest of the Middle Ages and was incorporated into every standard printed edition of the ",[15,987,673],{}," through the early modern period.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":990},[],1170,"Johannes Teutonicus (Johann Zemeke), a German canonist trained at Bologna, compiled the Apparatus on Gratian's Decretum around 1216 — the great running gloss that drew together the work of the earlier decretists and became the glossa ordinaria of the Decretum. He served as provost of the Halberstadt cathedral chapter and later as bishop-elect, and was active at the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), on whose canons he also wrote an apparatus. His gloss on the Decretum, revised by Bartholomaeus Brixiensis around 1245, dominated the teaching of canon law for the rest of the Middle Ages and was incorporated into every standard printed edition of the Corpus Iuris Canonici through the early modern period.","johannes-teutonicus",{},"Iohannes Teutonicus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohannes-teutonicus",{"description":992},"authors\u002Fjohannes-teutonicus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannes_Teutonicus_Zemeke","n9f7LhQvYfyjCjh0CE815mQowiZgk0xjVitXcpKp2Fc",{"id":1002,"title":1003,"body":1004,"born":1015,"description":1016,"died":1017,"extension":52,"image":1018,"key":1019,"meta":1020,"name":1021,"name_en":1003,"navigation":56,"path":1022,"seo":1023,"stem":1024,"wikipedia":1025,"__hash__":1026},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-calvin.md","John Calvin",{"type":8,"value":1005,"toc":1013},[1006],[11,1007,1008,1009,1012],{},"John Calvin (1509–1564) was a French theologian and reformer who became the leading figure of Reformed Protestantism from his base in Geneva. Trained as a humanist lawyer, he converted to Reformed Christianity around 1533 and produced the ",[15,1010,1011],{},"Institutio Christianae Religionis"," in successive Latin editions from 1536 to 1559, which became the most systematic theological synthesis of the Reformation. As pastor and teacher in Geneva from 1541, he shaped Reformed church polity, doctrines of predestination and the sacraments, and biblical preaching across Europe and the wider Protestant world.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1014},[],1509,"John Calvin (1509–1564) was a French theologian and reformer who became the leading figure of Reformed Protestantism from his base in Geneva. Trained as a humanist lawyer, he converted to Reformed Christianity around 1533 and produced the Institutio Christianae Religionis in successive Latin editions from 1536 to 1559, which became the most systematic theological synthesis of the Reformation. As pastor and teacher in Geneva from 1541, he shaped Reformed church polity, doctrines of predestination and the sacraments, and biblical preaching across Europe and the wider Protestant world.",1564,"\u002Fa\u002Fjohn-calvin.jpg","john-calvin",{},"Ioannes Calvinus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-calvin",{"description":1016},"authors\u002Fjohn-calvin","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohn_Calvin","UmIep-VOsOdzaECdzik1bDNLxANy8OLW_LKP8_-XVPw",{"id":1028,"title":1029,"body":1030,"born":1037,"description":1034,"died":1038,"extension":52,"image":1039,"key":1040,"meta":1041,"name":1042,"name_en":1029,"navigation":56,"path":1043,"seo":1044,"stem":1045,"wikipedia":1046,"__hash__":1047},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-major.md","John Major",{"type":8,"value":1031,"toc":1035},[1032],[11,1033,1034],{},"John Major (Latin: Johannes Maioris) was a Scottish philosopher, theologian, and historian who taught at the universities of Paris, Glasgow, and St Andrews. He was one of the last major figures of late scholasticism and a significant influence on the development of early modern philosophy and political thought. His students included John Knox and George Buchanan. Major's commentaries on Peter Lombard's Sentences were widely read and represent an important contribution to nominalist theology.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1036},[],1467,1550,"\u002Fa\u002Fjohn-major.jpg","john-major",{},"Johannes Maioris","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-major",{"description":1034},"authors\u002Fjohn-major","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohn_Major_(philosopher)","ka_udS7JURKljTp6SO5RNBSKTRQCl7SzBu8WolFXHZs",{"id":1049,"title":1050,"body":1051,"born":1070,"description":1071,"died":1072,"extension":52,"image":1073,"key":1074,"meta":1075,"name":1076,"name_en":1077,"navigation":56,"path":1078,"seo":1079,"stem":1080,"wikipedia":1081,"__hash__":1082},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-of-freiburg.md","John Of Freiburg",{"type":8,"value":1052,"toc":1068},[1053],[11,1054,1055,1056,1059,1060,1063,1064,1067],{},"John of Freiburg (Johannes de Friburgo, c. 1250–1314) was a German Dominican friar and canonist who served as lector at the Dominican convent in Freiburg im Breisgau. He is best known for his ",[15,1057,1058],{},"Summa confessorum"," (completed c. 1297–98), a comprehensive manual for confessors that reorganized and updated Raymond of Penyafort's ",[15,1061,1062],{},"Summa de casibus"," with material from Hostiensis, Goffredus of Trani, William of Rennes, and the moral theology of Thomas Aquinas. The work became the standard confessor's handbook of the later Middle Ages, surviving in hundreds of manuscripts and shaping pastoral practice for over two centuries. John also compiled the ",[15,1065,1066],{},"Libellus quaestionum casualium"," and other pastoral aids.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1069},[],1250,"John of Freiburg (Johannes de Friburgo, c. 1250–1314) was a German Dominican friar and canonist who served as lector at the Dominican convent in Freiburg im Breisgau. He is best known for his Summa confessorum (completed c. 1297–98), a comprehensive manual for confessors that reorganized and updated Raymond of Penyafort's Summa de casibus with material from Hostiensis, Goffredus of Trani, William of Rennes, and the moral theology of Thomas Aquinas. The work became the standard confessor's handbook of the later Middle Ages, surviving in hundreds of manuscripts and shaping pastoral practice for over two centuries. John also compiled the Libellus quaestionum casualium and other pastoral aids.",1314,"\u002Fa\u002Fjohn-of-freiburg.jpg","john-of-freiburg",{},"Johannes de Friburgo","John of Freiburg","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-of-freiburg",{"description":1071},"authors\u002Fjohn-of-freiburg","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohn_of_Freiburg","U0XlHdpaYmK-eI-L3oOp2ybOfJ94UBhgxSZNN0Uv8is",{"id":1084,"title":1085,"body":1086,"born":1093,"description":1090,"died":586,"extension":52,"image":1094,"key":1095,"meta":1096,"name":1097,"name_en":1085,"navigation":56,"path":1098,"seo":1099,"stem":1100,"wikipedia":1101,"__hash__":1102},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-wycliffe.md","John Wycliffe",{"type":8,"value":1087,"toc":1091},[1088],[11,1089,1090],{},"John Wycliffe (Latin: Johannes Wycliffe) was an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, and reformer at the University of Oxford. He is widely regarded as a forerunner of the Protestant Reformation for his criticisms of papal authority, clerical wealth, and the doctrine of transubstantiation. His followers, known as Lollards, carried his ideas into popular religious movements. Wycliffe's prolific Latin writings include treatises on dominion, the Church, simony, and the Eucharist, and he sponsored the first complete English translation of the Bible. His works were condemned at the Council of Constance in 1415, and his remains were exhumed and burned in 1428.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1092},[],1328,"\u002Fa\u002Fjohn-wycliffe.jpg","john-wycliffe",{},"Johannes Wycliffe","\u002Fauthors\u002Fjohn-wycliffe",{"description":1090},"authors\u002Fjohn-wycliffe","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohn_Wycliffe","rbfl-SbgUCCNsInBBLJZ4ZglelExOKRnJShzVQef2CA",{"id":1104,"title":1105,"body":1106,"born":1121,"description":1122,"died":1123,"extension":52,"image":1124,"key":1125,"meta":1126,"name":1127,"name_en":1105,"navigation":56,"path":1128,"seo":1129,"stem":1130,"wikipedia":1131,"__hash__":1132},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fmartin-luther.md","Martin Luther",{"type":8,"value":1107,"toc":1119},[1108],[11,1109,1110,1111,1114,1115,1118],{},"Martin Luther (1483–1546) was a German theologian, Augustinian friar, and professor of biblical theology at the University of Wittenberg, whose challenge to Catholic Church doctrine and practice ignited the Protestant Reformation. His ",[15,1112,1113],{},"Ninety-Five Theses"," (1517) sparked a controversy over indulgences that expanded into a comprehensive critique of papal authority, sacramental theology, and clerical corruption. Luther's translation of the Bible into German and his voluminous writings — collected in the 73-volume Weimar Edition (",[15,1116,1117],{},"Kritische Gesamtausgabe",") — shaped both Protestant theology and the German literary language. Among his most extensive works are the Lectures on Genesis, delivered between 1535 to 1545, which occupy ten volumes of the Weimar Edition.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1120},[],1483,"Martin Luther (1483–1546) was a German theologian, Augustinian friar, and professor of biblical theology at the University of Wittenberg, whose challenge to Catholic Church doctrine and practice ignited the Protestant Reformation. His Ninety-Five Theses (1517) sparked a controversy over indulgences that expanded into a comprehensive critique of papal authority, sacramental theology, and clerical corruption. Luther's translation of the Bible into German and his voluminous writings — collected in the 73-volume Weimar Edition (Kritische Gesamtausgabe) — shaped both Protestant theology and the German literary language. Among his most extensive works are the Lectures on Genesis, delivered between 1535 to 1545, which occupy ten volumes of the Weimar Edition.",1546,"\u002Fa\u002Fmartin-luther.jpg","martin-luther",{},"Martinus Luther","\u002Fauthors\u002Fmartin-luther",{"description":1122},"authors\u002Fmartin-luther","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMartin_Luther","JdcaFt-EYQ46_9ZTNHzYE1eQcht12XoDrYJTWeCAH9I",{"id":1134,"title":1135,"body":1136,"born":1143,"description":1140,"died":1144,"extension":52,"image":224,"key":1145,"meta":1146,"name":1147,"name_en":1148,"navigation":56,"path":1149,"seo":1150,"stem":1151,"wikipedia":1152,"__hash__":1153},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fmaurice-of-prague.md","Maurice Of Prague",{"type":8,"value":1137,"toc":1141},[1138],[11,1139,1140],{},"Maurice of Prague (Mauritius Rvačka, c. 1360–1434) was a Bohemian theologian, master and chancellor of the University of Prague, and a leading opponent of Jan Hus within the Bohemian church. Trained at Prague and Paris, he represented the Czech nation at the Council of Pisa (1409) and played a prominent role at the Council of Constance (1414–1418), where he served as an assessor and delivered a solemn oration calling for the reform of the ecclesiastical estate along the lines of the primitive Church. A staunch defender of Catholic orthodoxy against Wycliffite and Hussite doctrine, he later participated in disputations at the Council of Basel.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1142},[],1360,1434,"maurice-of-prague",{},"Mauritius de Praga","Maurice of Prague","\u002Fauthors\u002Fmaurice-of-prague",{"description":1140},"authors\u002Fmaurice-of-prague","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaur%C3%ADcius_Rva%C4%8Dka","oB-qo-O2IfdcBeJyF4JU1rl65UFT5saeWFeE1q7PFy4",{"id":1155,"title":1156,"body":1157,"born":530,"description":1161,"died":1164,"extension":52,"image":1165,"key":1166,"meta":1167,"name":1168,"name_en":1169,"navigation":56,"path":1170,"seo":1171,"stem":1172,"wikipedia":1173,"__hash__":1174},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpaludanus.md","Paludanus",{"type":8,"value":1158,"toc":1162},[1159],[11,1160,1161],{},"Peter of Palude (c. 1275–1342) was a French Dominican theologian and scholastic philosopher. He studied and taught at Paris, where he became a prominent defender of Thomism, engaging closely with the thought of Aquinas against competing scholastic schools. In 1329 Pope John XXII appointed him Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, a largely honorific title he held while remaining active in European theological affairs. His commentaries on all four books of Peter Lombard's Sentences are his principal surviving works, notable for their thoroughgoing Thomism and detailed treatment of sacramental and moral theology.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1163},[],1342,"\u002Fa\u002Fpaludanus.jpg","paludanus",{},"Petrus de Palude","Peter of Palude","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpaludanus",{"description":1161},"authors\u002Fpaludanus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeter_of_Palude","6mi9OP5Zi1hpb-yLj7fPnStsYMLLWlhAAYlHFkZ390M",{"id":1176,"title":1177,"body":1178,"born":1185,"description":1182,"died":1186,"extension":52,"image":1187,"key":1188,"meta":1189,"name":1190,"name_en":1177,"navigation":56,"path":1191,"seo":1192,"stem":1193,"wikipedia":1194,"__hash__":1195},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpanormitanus.md","Panormitanus",{"type":8,"value":1179,"toc":1183},[1180],[11,1181,1182],{},"Nicolaus de Tudeschis (known as Panormitanus or Abbas Panormitanus) was a Sicilian Benedictine canonist, born in Catania. He studied under Francesco Zabarella at Padua and Bologna, and became the foremost canon lawyer of his age, earning the scholastic epithet \"lucerna juris\" (lamp of the law). In 1425 he was made abbot of the monastery of San Maria di Maniace near Messina, and in 1434 King Alfonso V of Aragon nominated him Archbishop of Palermo, from which office he took the name Panormitanus. His massive commentaries on the Decretals of Gregory IX became the standard reference work in canon law for over a century and were among the most frequently printed legal texts of the incunabula period.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1184},[],1386,1445,"\u002Fa\u002Fpanormitanus.jpg","panormitanus",{},"Nicolaus de Tudeschis","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpanormitanus",{"description":1182},"authors\u002Fpanormitanus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPanormitanus","jdOpAO5hmWoelQ5u-1YwFIANFIUGw4W4JWAh09e26VQ",{"id":1197,"title":1198,"body":1199,"born":96,"description":1218,"died":858,"extension":52,"image":1219,"key":1220,"meta":1221,"name":1222,"name_en":1223,"navigation":56,"path":1224,"seo":1225,"stem":1226,"wikipedia":1227,"__hash__":1228},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fperaldus.md","Peraldus",{"type":8,"value":1200,"toc":1216},[1201],[11,1202,1203,1204,1207,1208,1211,1212,1215],{},"William Peraldus (Latin: Guillelmus Peraldus, French: Guillaume Peyraut) was a French Dominican friar and theologian. He served as prior of the Dominican convent in Lyon and was one of the most widely read moral theologians of the later Middle Ages. His two great works, the ",[15,1205,1206],{},"Summa de Virtutibus"," and the ",[15,1209,1210],{},"Summa de Vitiis",", were composed in the 1230s–1250s and circulated together as the ",[15,1213,1214],{},"Summa de Virtutibus et Vitiis",". These practical handbooks for preachers and confessors offered systematic treatments of the virtues and vices, drawing on Scripture, the Church Fathers, and Aristotle. They were among the most copied and printed texts of the medieval period, surviving in hundreds of manuscripts and numerous incunabula editions.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1217},[],"William Peraldus (Latin: Guillelmus Peraldus, French: Guillaume Peyraut) was a French Dominican friar and theologian. He served as prior of the Dominican convent in Lyon and was one of the most widely read moral theologians of the later Middle Ages. His two great works, the Summa de Virtutibus and the Summa de Vitiis, were composed in the 1230s–1250s and circulated together as the Summa de Virtutibus et Vitiis. These practical handbooks for preachers and confessors offered systematic treatments of the virtues and vices, drawing on Scripture, the Church Fathers, and Aristotle. They were among the most copied and printed texts of the medieval period, surviving in hundreds of manuscripts and numerous incunabula editions.","\u002Fa\u002Fperaldus.jpg","peraldus",{},"Guillelmus Peraldus","William Peraldus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fperaldus",{"description":1218},"authors\u002Fperaldus","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Peraldus","ww4n6-j-wXZEhAFsoGTJVIdhOIcTvX2QQMHoukDo4KE",{"id":1230,"title":1231,"body":1232,"born":98,"description":1247,"died":1248,"extension":52,"image":1249,"key":1250,"meta":1251,"name":1252,"name_en":1231,"navigation":56,"path":1253,"seo":1254,"stem":1255,"wikipedia":1256,"__hash__":1257},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-auriol.md","Peter Auriol",{"type":8,"value":1233,"toc":1245},[1234],[11,1235,1236,1237,1240,1241,1244],{},"Peter Auriol (ca. 1280–1322) was a French Franciscan theologian whose ",[15,1238,1239],{},"Scriptum super Sententias",", lectured at Paris c. 1316–1318, stands as one of the most sophisticated early fourteenth-century commentaries on Peter Lombard. A keen critic of Duns Scotus, Auriol developed a distinctive theory of cognition centered on ",[15,1242,1243],{},"esse apparens"," (the apparent being of the object in the mind) and contributed original positions on universals, predestination, and future contingents. He served as Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence from 1321 and was created cardinal shortly before his death. His influence on later scholastics including Gregory of Rimini and the fourteenth-century debates on divine foreknowledge was considerable.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1246},[],"Peter Auriol (ca. 1280–1322) was a French Franciscan theologian whose Scriptum super Sententias, lectured at Paris c. 1316–1318, stands as one of the most sophisticated early fourteenth-century commentaries on Peter Lombard. A keen critic of Duns Scotus, Auriol developed a distinctive theory of cognition centered on esse apparens (the apparent being of the object in the mind) and contributed original positions on universals, predestination, and future contingents. He served as Archbishop of Aix-en-Provence from 1321 and was created cardinal shortly before his death. His influence on later scholastics including Gregory of Rimini and the fourteenth-century debates on divine foreknowledge was considerable.",1322,"\u002Fa\u002Fpeter-auriol.jpg","peter-auriol",{},"Petrus Aureolus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-auriol",{"description":1247},"authors\u002Fpeter-auriol","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeter_Auriol","0lyQteoA7OKgHby-rtD-TSo4Darok4wV9ER984pcl6o",{"id":1259,"title":1260,"body":1261,"born":1276,"description":1277,"died":1278,"extension":52,"image":1279,"key":1280,"meta":1281,"name":1282,"name_en":1260,"navigation":56,"path":1283,"seo":1284,"stem":1285,"wikipedia":1286,"__hash__":1287},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-cantor.md","Peter Cantor",{"type":8,"value":1262,"toc":1274},[1263],[11,1264,1265,1266,1269,1270,1273],{},"Peter Cantor (Petrus Cantor, ca. 1130–1197) was a Parisian theologian and precentor of Notre-Dame Cathedral, one of the most prominent moral theologians of the late twelfth century. His major work, the ",[15,1267,1268],{},"Verbum Abbreviatum",", is an expansive compendium on Christian morality, pastoral practice, and ecclesiastical abuses, drawing on Scripture, the Fathers, and canon law. He also produced the ",[15,1271,1272],{},"Summa de Sacramentis et Animae Consiliis",", a systematic treatment of the sacraments and moral cases. A fierce critic of simony, clerical avarice, and corruption, Peter was a formative influence on the Paris schools and on the generation of theologians who shaped the Fourth Lateran Council (1215).",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1275},[],1130,"Peter Cantor (Petrus Cantor, ca. 1130–1197) was a Parisian theologian and precentor of Notre-Dame Cathedral, one of the most prominent moral theologians of the late twelfth century. His major work, the Verbum Abbreviatum, is an expansive compendium on Christian morality, pastoral practice, and ecclesiastical abuses, drawing on Scripture, the Fathers, and canon law. He also produced the Summa de Sacramentis et Animae Consiliis, a systematic treatment of the sacraments and moral cases. A fierce critic of simony, clerical avarice, and corruption, Peter was a formative influence on the Paris schools and on the generation of theologians who shaped the Fourth Lateran Council (1215).",1197,"\u002Fa\u002Fpeter-cantor.jpg","peter-cantor",{},"Petrus Cantor","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-cantor",{"description":1277},"authors\u002Fpeter-cantor","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeter_the_Chanter","EWbKpkS1Y-ZheeVr01rFMy9rPzzc9k_Mfw7uQzN2XjQ",{"id":1289,"title":1290,"body":1291,"born":1306,"description":1307,"died":1308,"extension":52,"image":1309,"key":1310,"meta":1311,"name":1312,"name_en":1290,"navigation":56,"path":1313,"seo":1314,"stem":1315,"wikipedia":1316,"__hash__":1317},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-damian.md","Peter Damian",{"type":8,"value":1292,"toc":1304},[1293],[11,1294,1295,1296,1299,1300,1303],{},"Peter Damian (1007–1072) was an Italian Benedictine monk, reforming abbot of Fonte Avellana, and cardinal-bishop of Ostia. One of the most influential figures of the eleventh-century Gregorian Reform, he combined rigorous asceticism with prolific polemical and pastoral writing, directing his efforts against clerical concubinage, simony, and the corruption of the institutional church. His ",[15,1297,1298],{},"Liber Gomorrhianus"," attacked sexual immorality among the clergy, while his ",[15,1301,1302],{},"Liber Gratissimus"," (1052) addressed the thorny canonical question of whether ordinations performed by simoniacal bishops were valid — arguing, against Humbert of Silva Candida, that they were, so that the ordained recipients could retain their orders without reordination. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in 1828.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1305},[],1007,"Peter Damian (1007–1072) was an Italian Benedictine monk, reforming abbot of Fonte Avellana, and cardinal-bishop of Ostia. One of the most influential figures of the eleventh-century Gregorian Reform, he combined rigorous asceticism with prolific polemical and pastoral writing, directing his efforts against clerical concubinage, simony, and the corruption of the institutional church. His Liber Gomorrhianus attacked sexual immorality among the clergy, while his Liber Gratissimus (1052) addressed the thorny canonical question of whether ordinations performed by simoniacal bishops were valid — arguing, against Humbert of Silva Candida, that they were, so that the ordained recipients could retain their orders without reordination. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in 1828.",1072,"\u002Fa\u002Fpeter-damian.jpg","peter-damian",{},"Petrus Damiani","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-damian",{"description":1307},"authors\u002Fpeter-damian","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeter_Damian","6OX9GmA8YfnANF4cX6dghoYJM-koeRZg3PL60eB2Ow8",{"id":1319,"title":1320,"body":1321,"born":1332,"description":1333,"died":679,"extension":52,"image":1334,"key":1335,"meta":1336,"name":1337,"name_en":1320,"navigation":56,"path":1338,"seo":1339,"stem":1340,"wikipedia":1341,"__hash__":1342},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-lombard.md","Peter Lombard",{"type":8,"value":1322,"toc":1330},[1323],[11,1324,1325,1326,1329],{},"Peter Lombard (ca. 1096–1160) was a scholastic theologian and Bishop of Paris, best known as the author of the ",[15,1327,1328],{},"Sententiarum libri quatuor"," (Four Books of the Sentences), a systematic compilation of patristic and early medieval theological opinion organized around the doctrines of the Trinity, Creation, the Incarnation, and the Sacraments. Composed around 1150, the Sentences became the standard theological textbook of the medieval university, and every major scholastic theologian — including Aquinas, Bonaventure, Scotus, and Ockham — was required to lecture on it. Lombard studied in Bologna and Paris, taught at the cathedral school of Notre-Dame, and was appointed Bishop of Paris in 1159, a position he held until his death the following year.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1331},[],1096,"Peter Lombard (ca. 1096–1160) was a scholastic theologian and Bishop of Paris, best known as the author of the Sententiarum libri quatuor (Four Books of the Sentences), a systematic compilation of patristic and early medieval theological opinion organized around the doctrines of the Trinity, Creation, the Incarnation, and the Sacraments. Composed around 1150, the Sentences became the standard theological textbook of the medieval university, and every major scholastic theologian — including Aquinas, Bonaventure, Scotus, and Ockham — was required to lecture on it. Lombard studied in Bologna and Paris, taught at the cathedral school of Notre-Dame, and was appointed Bishop of Paris in 1159, a position he held until his death the following year.","\u002Fa\u002Fpeter-lombard.jpg","peter-lombard",{},"Petrus Lombardus","\u002Fauthors\u002Fpeter-lombard",{"description":1333},"authors\u002Fpeter-lombard","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeter_Lombard","DVO46IgN_P9CQOWszGQ46FPORWtjg1hBNgFnuyPY-Rg",{"id":1344,"title":1345,"body":1346,"born":1361,"description":1362,"died":1363,"extension":52,"image":1364,"key":1365,"meta":1366,"name":1367,"name_en":1367,"navigation":56,"path":1368,"seo":1369,"stem":1370,"wikipedia":1371,"__hash__":1372},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fprierias.md","Prierias",{"type":8,"value":1347,"toc":1359},[1348],[11,1349,1350,1351,1354,1355,1358],{},"Silvestro Mazzolini (Silvester Prierias, 1456–1527) was an Italian Dominican theologian and inquisitor from Prierio in Piedmont. He taught Thomist philosophy and theology at Bologna and Padua, was named Master of the Sacred Palace by Leo X in 1515, and served as the papal censor of theological writings in Rome. He is remembered both as the first Catholic theologian to write publicly against Martin Luther — his ",[15,1352,1353],{},"Dialogus de potestate papae"," (1518) opened the controversy — and as the author of the ",[15,1356,1357],{},"Summa summarum quae Silvestrina nuncupatur",", an alphabetical confessor's manual that became one of the most widely consulted moral-theological works of the sixteenth century.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1360},[],1456,"Silvestro Mazzolini (Silvester Prierias, 1456–1527) was an Italian Dominican theologian and inquisitor from Prierio in Piedmont. He taught Thomist philosophy and theology at Bologna and Padua, was named Master of the Sacred Palace by Leo X in 1515, and served as the papal censor of theological writings in Rome. He is remembered both as the first Catholic theologian to write publicly against Martin Luther — his Dialogus de potestate papae (1518) opened the controversy — and as the author of the Summa summarum quae Silvestrina nuncupatur, an alphabetical confessor's manual that became one of the most widely consulted moral-theological works of the sixteenth century.",1527,"\u002Fa\u002Fprierias.jpg","prierias",{},"Silvester Prierias","\u002Fauthors\u002Fprierias",{"description":1362},"authors\u002Fprierias","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSilvestro_Mazzolini_da_Prierio","cbO2BxFogbGlPhJyjQ4NKoCvNtQ61fLE-ggiMZ4yJsc",{"id":1374,"title":1375,"body":1376,"born":1383,"description":1380,"died":1384,"extension":52,"image":1385,"key":1386,"meta":1387,"name":1375,"name_en":1375,"navigation":56,"path":1388,"seo":1389,"stem":1390,"wikipedia":66,"__hash__":1391},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fralph-cudworth.md","Ralph Cudworth",{"type":8,"value":1377,"toc":1381},[1378],[11,1379,1380],{},"Ralph Cudworth (c. 1563–1624) was a Puritan divine and fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. At the request of William Perkins's executors, he supplied the supplement on the sixth chapter of Galatians to complete Perkins's unfinished commentary, published in 1607. He is the father of the Cambridge Platonist philosopher Ralph Cudworth (1617–1688).",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1382},[],1563,1624,"\u002Fa\u002Fralph-cudworth.jpg","ralph-cudworth",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fralph-cudworth",{"description":1380},"authors\u002Fralph-cudworth","-lo5-DFEgxrdUltBEo82CBGfLUIS29kvHn252mvT08k",{"id":1393,"title":1394,"body":1395,"born":1416,"description":1417,"died":530,"extension":52,"image":1418,"key":1419,"meta":1420,"name":1421,"name_en":1422,"navigation":56,"path":1423,"seo":1424,"stem":1425,"wikipedia":1426,"__hash__":1427},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fraymond-of-penyafort.md","Raymond Of Penyafort",{"type":8,"value":1396,"toc":1414},[1397],[11,1398,1399,1400,267,1403,1406,1407,1409,1410,1413],{},"Raymond of Penyafort (c. 1175–1275) was a Catalan Dominican friar, canon lawyer, and papal penitentiary who compiled the ",[15,1401,1402],{},"Decretales Gregorii IX",[15,1404,1405],{},"Liber Extra",") at the commission of Pope Gregory IX, completing it in 1234. The compilation systematized five books of papal decretals into the authoritative canon law collection that governed the medieval Western church alongside Gratian's ",[15,1408,33],{},". Raymond also served as Master General of the Dominican Order (1238–1240) and is credited with encouraging Thomas Aquinas to write the ",[15,1411,1412],{},"Summa contra Gentiles",". He was canonized in 1601 and is the patron saint of canon lawyers.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1415},[],1175,"Raymond of Penyafort (c. 1175–1275) was a Catalan Dominican friar, canon lawyer, and papal penitentiary who compiled the Decretales Gregorii IX (Liber Extra) at the commission of Pope Gregory IX, completing it in 1234. The compilation systematized five books of papal decretals into the authoritative canon law collection that governed the medieval Western church alongside Gratian's Decretum. Raymond also served as Master General of the Dominican Order (1238–1240) and is credited with encouraging Thomas Aquinas to write the Summa contra Gentiles. He was canonized in 1601 and is the patron saint of canon lawyers.","\u002Fa\u002Fraymond-of-penyafort.jpg","raymond-of-penyafort",{},"Raimundus de Penyafort","Raymond of Penyafort","\u002Fauthors\u002Fraymond-of-penyafort",{"description":1417},"authors\u002Fraymond-of-penyafort","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRaymond_of_Penyafort","R-rIwFuvzQwLxUV3eCA6KpvIZyMTykel2A6upxW9z2k",{"id":1429,"title":1430,"body":1431,"born":1441,"description":1442,"died":510,"extension":52,"image":1443,"key":1444,"meta":1445,"name":1446,"name_en":1447,"navigation":56,"path":1448,"seo":1449,"stem":1450,"wikipedia":1451,"__hash__":1452},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Frichard-of-middleton.md","Richard Of Middleton",{"type":8,"value":1432,"toc":1439},[1433],[11,1434,1435,1436,1438],{},"Richard of Middleton (Ricardus de Mediavilla, c. 1249–c. 1308) was a Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher, probably of Norman French origin. He studied and taught at Paris, where he served as regent master at the Franciscan studium (1284–1287) and later as minister provincial of France. His commentary on Peter Lombard's ",[15,1437,126],{},", edited 1285–1295, is his principal surviving work, notable for its careful synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and Franciscan theology. He also produced three sets of quodlibetal disputations and numerous disputed questions.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1440},[],1249,"Richard of Middleton (Ricardus de Mediavilla, c. 1249–c. 1308) was a Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher, probably of Norman French origin. He studied and taught at Paris, where he served as regent master at the Franciscan studium (1284–1287) and later as minister provincial of France. His commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences, edited 1285–1295, is his principal surviving work, notable for its careful synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and Franciscan theology. He also produced three sets of quodlibetal disputations and numerous disputed questions.","\u002Fa\u002Frichard-of-middleton.jpg","richard-of-middleton",{},"Ricardus de Mediavilla","Richard of Middleton","\u002Fauthors\u002Frichard-of-middleton",{"description":1442},"authors\u002Frichard-of-middleton","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRichard_of_Middleton","h_Crd4s6QXBE2yw8RAd_pzr-CiKNB7Marf5V2a-gKj4",{"id":1454,"title":1455,"body":1456,"born":679,"description":1466,"died":1467,"extension":52,"image":1468,"key":1469,"meta":1470,"name":1471,"name_en":1472,"navigation":56,"path":1473,"seo":1474,"stem":1475,"wikipedia":1476,"__hash__":1477},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Frobert-de-courson.md","Robert De Courson",{"type":8,"value":1457,"toc":1464},[1458],[11,1459,1460,1461,1463],{},"Robert of Courson (Robertus de Corcun, ca. 1160\u002F70–1218) was an English-born theologian who studied under Peter the Chanter at the University of Paris, where he later became a master of theology. His ",[15,1462,21],{}," (c. 1208–1214) is a massive compendium of moral theology treating simony, usury, oaths, vows, and ecclesiastical discipline, drawing on canon law, Scripture, and the Parisian schools. Appointed cardinal legate by Pope Innocent III in 1212, he conducted sweeping reform councils across France and played a formative role in preparing the Fourth Lateran Council (1215). He died at the Crusaders' camp at Damietta in 1218.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1465},[],"Robert of Courson (Robertus de Corcun, ca. 1160\u002F70–1218) was an English-born theologian who studied under Peter the Chanter at the University of Paris, where he later became a master of theology. His Summa (c. 1208–1214) is a massive compendium of moral theology treating simony, usury, oaths, vows, and ecclesiastical discipline, drawing on canon law, Scripture, and the Parisian schools. Appointed cardinal legate by Pope Innocent III in 1212, he conducted sweeping reform councils across France and played a formative role in preparing the Fourth Lateran Council (1215). He died at the Crusaders' camp at Damietta in 1218.",1218,"\u002Fa\u002Frobert-de-courson.jpg","robert-de-courson",{},"Robertus de Corcun","Robert of Courson","\u002Fauthors\u002Frobert-de-courson",{"description":1466},"authors\u002Frobert-de-courson","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRobert_of_Courson","6j5cntUAhDpVUIQqun317Eipdd12tbbpP3GzQx74kIc",{"id":1479,"title":1480,"body":1481,"born":1495,"description":1496,"died":416,"extension":52,"image":1497,"key":1498,"meta":1499,"name":1500,"name_en":1480,"navigation":56,"path":1501,"seo":1502,"stem":1503,"wikipedia":1504,"__hash__":1505},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fthomas-aquinas.md","Thomas Aquinas",{"type":8,"value":1482,"toc":1493},[1483],[11,1484,1485,1486,1489,1490,1492],{},"Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and theologian, known as the ",[15,1487,1488],{},"Doctor Angelicus",". His ",[15,1491,92],{}," is the foremost systematic work of medieval scholastic theology, integrating Aristotelian philosophy with Catholic doctrine across questions of God, creation, ethics, and law. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in 1568 and remains the preeminent authority in Thomistic philosophy.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1494},[],1225,"Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and theologian, known as the Doctor Angelicus. His Summa Theologiae is the foremost systematic work of medieval scholastic theology, integrating Aristotelian philosophy with Catholic doctrine across questions of God, creation, ethics, and law. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in 1568 and remains the preeminent authority in Thomistic philosophy.","\u002Fa\u002Fthomas-aquinas.jpg","thomas-aquinas",{},"Thomas de Aquino","\u002Fauthors\u002Fthomas-aquinas",{"description":1496},"authors\u002Fthomas-aquinas","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThomas_Aquinas","Ta_-VRJSVFWJGAcbyknBoWAysB1vm3CNw_sGSmr0EPk",{"id":1507,"title":1508,"body":1509,"born":530,"description":1523,"died":1524,"extension":52,"image":1525,"key":1526,"meta":1527,"name":1528,"name_en":1529,"navigation":56,"path":1530,"seo":1531,"stem":1532,"wikipedia":1533,"__hash__":1534},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fthomas-of-strasbourg.md","Thomas Of Strasbourg",{"type":8,"value":1510,"toc":1521},[1511],[11,1512,1513,1514,1517,1518,1520],{},"Thomas of Strasbourg (Thomas de Argentina, c. 1275–1357) was an Augustinian Hermit theologian and philosopher who served as Prior General of his order from 1345 until his death. He studied and taught at Paris, Oxford, and other major schools, becoming one of the most prominent Augustinian scholastics of the fourteenth century. His principal work, the ",[15,1515,1516],{},"Commentaria in quatuor libros Sententiarum"," (composed c. 1335–1337), is a substantial commentary on Peter Lombard's ",[15,1519,126],{}," that engages extensively with Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham. He is sometimes considered a representative of an Augustinian school standing between the via antiqua and via moderna.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1522},[],"Thomas of Strasbourg (Thomas de Argentina, c. 1275–1357) was an Augustinian Hermit theologian and philosopher who served as Prior General of his order from 1345 until his death. He studied and taught at Paris, Oxford, and other major schools, becoming one of the most prominent Augustinian scholastics of the fourteenth century. His principal work, the Commentaria in quatuor libros Sententiarum (composed c. 1335–1337), is a substantial commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences that engages extensively with Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham. He is sometimes considered a representative of an Augustinian school standing between the via antiqua and via moderna.",1357,"\u002Fa\u002Fthomas-of-strasbourg.jpg","thomas-of-strasbourg",{},"Thomas de Argentina","Thomas of Strasbourg","\u002Fauthors\u002Fthomas-of-strasbourg",{"description":1523},"authors\u002Fthomas-of-strasbourg","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThomas_of_Strasbourg","U-1OqtnBtHW16RxkaGBW2r92BpjZpGkB3dF8bXg9RKI",{"id":1536,"title":1537,"body":1538,"born":1549,"description":1550,"died":1551,"extension":52,"image":1552,"key":1553,"meta":1554,"name":1555,"name_en":1556,"navigation":56,"path":1557,"seo":1558,"stem":1559,"wikipedia":1560,"__hash__":1561},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fturretin.md","Turretin",{"type":8,"value":1539,"toc":1547},[1540],[11,1541,1542,1543,1546],{},"Francis Turretin (1623–1687) was a Genevan Reformed theologian of Italian Protestant descent, pastor at the Italian congregation in Geneva and professor of theology at the Genevan Academy. His principal work, the ",[15,1544,1545],{},"Institutio Theologiae Elencticae"," (3 vols., 1679–1685), became the standard dogmatics text of high Reformed orthodoxy, shaping confessional Calvinist theology well into the nineteenth century, particularly in Scotland and America through Princeton Seminary. He was a fierce defender of Reformed doctrine against Arminianism, Socinianism, and Roman Catholicism, and a key figure in the formation of the Helvetic Consensus Formula (1675).",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1548},[],1623,"Francis Turretin (1623–1687) was a Genevan Reformed theologian of Italian Protestant descent, pastor at the Italian congregation in Geneva and professor of theology at the Genevan Academy. His principal work, the Institutio Theologiae Elencticae (3 vols., 1679–1685), became the standard dogmatics text of high Reformed orthodoxy, shaping confessional Calvinist theology well into the nineteenth century, particularly in Scotland and America through Princeton Seminary. He was a fierce defender of Reformed doctrine against Arminianism, Socinianism, and Roman Catholicism, and a key figure in the formation of the Helvetic Consensus Formula (1675).",1687,"\u002Fa\u002Fturretin.jpg","turretin",{},"Franciscus Turrettinus","Francis Turretin","\u002Fauthors\u002Fturretin",{"description":1550},"authors\u002Fturretin","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFrancis_Turretin","bcG5TKgAyUhUq-seebVeLrFRkn2ctTtvTofxTx8X9F0",{"id":1563,"title":1564,"body":1565,"born":1580,"description":1581,"died":1582,"extension":52,"image":1583,"key":1584,"meta":1585,"name":1586,"name_en":1564,"navigation":56,"path":1587,"seo":1588,"stem":1589,"wikipedia":1590,"__hash__":1591},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-ames.md","William Ames",{"type":8,"value":1566,"toc":1578},[1567],[11,1568,1569,1570,1573,1574,1577],{},"William Ames (1576–1633) was an English Puritan theologian and philosopher who became one of the most influential Reformed thinkers of the seventeenth century. Educated at Christ's College, Cambridge under William Perkins, he was driven from England for his nonconformity and eventually appointed professor of theology at the University of Franeker in Friesland (1622–1633). His two major works, the ",[15,1571,1572],{},"Medulla Theologica"," (1627) and ",[15,1575,1576],{},"De Conscientia"," (1630), provided compact systematic treatments of Reformed doctrine and casuistry that were widely used as textbooks in both European and New England universities. His emphasis on practical, experiential piety shaped the Puritan tradition on both sides of the Atlantic.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1579},[],1576,"William Ames (1576–1633) was an English Puritan theologian and philosopher who became one of the most influential Reformed thinkers of the seventeenth century. Educated at Christ's College, Cambridge under William Perkins, he was driven from England for his nonconformity and eventually appointed professor of theology at the University of Franeker in Friesland (1622–1633). His two major works, the Medulla Theologica (1627) and De Conscientia (1630), provided compact systematic treatments of Reformed doctrine and casuistry that were widely used as textbooks in both European and New England universities. His emphasis on practical, experiential piety shaped the Puritan tradition on both sides of the Atlantic.",1633,"\u002Fa\u002Fwilliam-ames.jpg","william-ames",{},"Gulielmus Amesius","\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-ames",{"description":1581},"authors\u002Fwilliam-ames","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Ames_(theologian)","kZ4qYmoTjsYe3NBsqq48kVOKLf6AAuZDM699kwiU3GM",{"id":1593,"title":1594,"body":1595,"born":1608,"description":1609,"died":1610,"extension":52,"image":1611,"key":1612,"meta":1613,"name":1614,"name_en":1615,"navigation":56,"path":1616,"seo":1617,"stem":1618,"wikipedia":1619,"__hash__":1620},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-of-auxerre.md","William Of Auxerre",{"type":8,"value":1596,"toc":1606},[1597],[11,1598,1599,1600,1602,1603,1605],{},"William of Auxerre (Guillelmus Altissiodorensis, c. 1150–1231) was a French scholastic theologian and master at the University of Paris in the first decades of the thirteenth century, and archdeacon of Beauvais. His ",[15,1601,842],{},", composed in the 1220s, is one of the earliest systematic theological summae and an important transitional work between Peter Lombard's ",[15,1604,126],{}," and the great Dominican and Franciscan summae of the mid-thirteenth century; it was widely read and influenced Alexander of Hales, Albert the Great, and Thomas Aquinas. He was among the first scholastics to make extensive theological use of the newly available Aristotelian corpus. In 1231 he was appointed by Gregory IX to the commission charged with examining and expurgating Aristotle's natural philosophy, but died in Rome that same year before the work could begin.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1607},[],1150,"William of Auxerre (Guillelmus Altissiodorensis, c. 1150–1231) was a French scholastic theologian and master at the University of Paris in the first decades of the thirteenth century, and archdeacon of Beauvais. His Summa aurea, composed in the 1220s, is one of the earliest systematic theological summae and an important transitional work between Peter Lombard's Sentences and the great Dominican and Franciscan summae of the mid-thirteenth century; it was widely read and influenced Alexander of Hales, Albert the Great, and Thomas Aquinas. He was among the first scholastics to make extensive theological use of the newly available Aristotelian corpus. In 1231 he was appointed by Gregory IX to the commission charged with examining and expurgating Aristotle's natural philosophy, but died in Rome that same year before the work could begin.",1231,"\u002Fa\u002Fwilliam-of-auxerre.jpg","william-of-auxerre",{},"Guillelmus Altissiodorensis","William of Auxerre","\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-of-auxerre",{"description":1609},"authors\u002Fwilliam-of-auxerre","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_of_Auxerre","wmXZY_IhRgDuN7QR12erpxv12PbsSvbs40Q8MLYfgrE",{"id":1622,"title":1623,"body":1624,"born":1631,"description":1628,"died":1632,"extension":52,"image":1633,"key":1634,"meta":1635,"name":1623,"name_en":1623,"navigation":56,"path":1636,"seo":1637,"stem":1638,"wikipedia":1639,"__hash__":1640},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-perkins.md","William Perkins",{"type":8,"value":1625,"toc":1629},[1626],[11,1627,1628],{},"William Perkins (1558–1602) was an influential English Puritan theologian and fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge. One of the leading Reformed theologians of his generation, he was renowned for his plain preaching style and prolific writings on predestination, casuistry, and practical divinity. His commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, covering the first five chapters, was published posthumously in 1607 alongside a supplement on the sixth chapter supplied by Ralph Cudworth. His works were widely read across Protestant Europe and exerted a formative influence on early Puritanism in England and New England.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1630},[],1558,1602,"\u002Fa\u002Fwilliam-perkins.jpg","william-perkins",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-perkins",{"description":1628},"authors\u002Fwilliam-perkins","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Perkins_(theologian)","I1rI4ArD5Jj47NnguTtIRvsfIJKUHb7VY5RYsAJpmZA",{"id":1642,"title":1643,"body":1644,"born":96,"description":1655,"died":1656,"extension":52,"image":1657,"key":1658,"meta":1659,"name":1660,"name_en":1661,"navigation":56,"path":1662,"seo":1663,"stem":1664,"wikipedia":1665,"__hash__":1666},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-saint-amour.md","William Saint Amour",{"type":8,"value":1645,"toc":1653},[1646],[11,1647,1648,1649,1652],{},"William of Saint-Amour (c. 1200–1272) was a French theologian and doctor of the Faculty of Theology of Paris, where he was a prominent secular master and member of the Sorbonne. He became the leading voice of the secular clergy in their conflict with the Franciscan and Dominican friars over the right to preach, hear confessions, and hold university chairs. His treatise ",[15,1650,1651],{},"De Periculis Novissimorum Temporum"," (On the Dangers of the Last Times, 1256), which identified the mendicant orders with the false prophets foretold in Scripture, was condemned by Pope Alexander IV, who expelled William from France. He was permitted to return after Alexander's death and died in his native Saint-Amour in Franche-Comté. His collected works were published posthumously in 1632 at Constance by editors sympathetic to the Gallican and secular clerical tradition.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1654},[],"William of Saint-Amour (c. 1200–1272) was a French theologian and doctor of the Faculty of Theology of Paris, where he was a prominent secular master and member of the Sorbonne. He became the leading voice of the secular clergy in their conflict with the Franciscan and Dominican friars over the right to preach, hear confessions, and hold university chairs. His treatise De Periculis Novissimorum Temporum (On the Dangers of the Last Times, 1256), which identified the mendicant orders with the false prophets foretold in Scripture, was condemned by Pope Alexander IV, who expelled William from France. He was permitted to return after Alexander's death and died in his native Saint-Amour in Franche-Comté. His collected works were published posthumously in 1632 at Constance by editors sympathetic to the Gallican and secular clerical tradition.",1272,"\u002Fa\u002Fwilliam-saint-amour.jpg","william-saint-amour",{},"Guillelmus de Sancto Amore","William of Saint-Amour","\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-saint-amour",{"description":1655},"authors\u002Fwilliam-saint-amour","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_of_Saint-Amour","TWtM0SUJV8ZLxn0UpKC3RFMBgoPMsG8-kYHCvWeMnxE",{"id":1668,"title":1669,"body":1670,"born":1685,"description":1686,"died":1687,"extension":52,"image":1688,"key":1689,"meta":1690,"name":1669,"name_en":1669,"navigation":56,"path":1691,"seo":1692,"stem":1693,"wikipedia":1694,"__hash__":1695},"authors\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-tyndale.md","William Tyndale",{"type":8,"value":1671,"toc":1683},[1672],[11,1673,1674,1675,1678,1679,1682],{},"William Tyndale (c. 1494–1536) was an English scholar and reformer who became the principal translator of the Bible into English in the Reformation era. Working in exile on the Continent, he produced the first printed English New Testament (1526) directly from the Greek, along with portions of the Old Testament from the Hebrew, shaping the language of all later English Bibles. He also wrote influential polemical and doctrinal works, including ",[15,1676,1677],{},"The Obedience of a Christian Man"," (1528) and ",[15,1680,1681],{},"The Parable of the Wicked Mammon"," (1528). Betrayed and arrested near Brussels, he was tried for heresy and executed by strangling and burning at Vilvoorde in 1536; his dying prayer, \"Lord, open the King of England's eyes,\" was answered within a few years by the licensing of the English Bible.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1684},[],1494,"William Tyndale (c. 1494–1536) was an English scholar and reformer who became the principal translator of the Bible into English in the Reformation era. Working in exile on the Continent, he produced the first printed English New Testament (1526) directly from the Greek, along with portions of the Old Testament from the Hebrew, shaping the language of all later English Bibles. He also wrote influential polemical and doctrinal works, including The Obedience of a Christian Man (1528) and The Parable of the Wicked Mammon (1528). Betrayed and arrested near Brussels, he was tried for heresy and executed by strangling and burning at Vilvoorde in 1536; his dying prayer, \"Lord, open the King of England's eyes,\" was answered within a few years by the licensing of the English Bible.",1536,"\u002Fa\u002Fwilliam-tyndale.jpg","william-tyndale",{},"\u002Fauthors\u002Fwilliam-tyndale",{"description":1686},"authors\u002Fwilliam-tyndale","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Tyndale","wx_IpWauRMmkBNcER1vlDyRcvLoCF412nkGP8j0VB88",{"id":1697,"title":21,"authors":1698,"body":1699,"cover":1734,"description":1735,"document":1736,"editors":66,"extension":52,"filesize":1737,"key":51,"language":1738,"meta":1739,"navigation":56,"ocr_model":1740,"pages":1741,"pagination_starts":1742,"path":1750,"seo":1751,"stem":1752,"title_en":1753,"typeface":1754,"url":1755,"year":1756,"__hash__":1757},"documentsMeta\u002Fdocuments\u002Fhostiensis-summa-aurea-1537.md",[6],{"type":8,"value":1700,"toc":1732},[1701],[11,1702,1703,1704,1706,1707,1709,1710,1713,1714,34,1717,1720,1721,1724,1725,1727,1728,1731],{},"Henry of Susa's ",[15,1705,21],{}," (later known as ",[15,1708,842],{},"), the great thirteenth-century commentary on the titles of the Decretals of Gregory IX. Drafted while Henry was archdeacon and bishop of Sisteron and revised in the 1250s, the work systematically treats each title of the ",[15,1711,1712],{},"Liber extra"," under the headings ",[15,1715,1716],{},"quid sit, quare, qualiter, ubi, quando, per quem,",[15,1718,1719],{},"quid operetur",". It was the most consulted canonical ",[15,1722,1723],{},"summa"," of the later Middle Ages and earned its author the appellation ",[15,1726,831],{}," from his cardinal-bishopric of Ostia. This Lyon 1537 edition was prepared with the summaries and annotations of Nicolaus Superantius and an alphabetical ",[15,1729,1730],{},"repertorium","; printed by Theobald Paganus. Copy from the Biblioteca Universitaria di Bologna (Google Books).",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1733},[],"\u002Fd\u002Fhostiensis-summa-aurea-1537\u002Fcover.jpg","Henry of Susa's Summa (later known as Summa aurea), the great thirteenth-century commentary on the titles of the Decretals of Gregory IX. Drafted while Henry was archdeacon and bishop of Sisteron and revised in the 1250s, the work systematically treats each title of the Liber extra under the headings quid sit, quare, qualiter, ubi, quando, per quem, and quid operetur. It was the most consulted canonical summa of the later Middle Ages and earned its author the appellation Hostiensis from his cardinal-bishopric of Ostia. This Lyon 1537 edition was prepared with the summaries and annotations of Nicolaus Superantius and an alphabetical repertorium; printed by Theobald Paganus. Copy from the Biblioteca Universitaria di Bologna (Google Books).","\u002Fd\u002Fhostiensis-summa-aurea-1537.pdf","191.2MB","latin",{},"10.5281\u002Fzenodo.11113737",1413,[1743,1748],{"pdf_page":1744,"printed_page":1745,"numeral_type":1746,"pagination":1747},45,1,"arabic","folio-two-column",{"pdf_page":61,"printed_page":1749,"numeral_type":1746,"pagination":1747},533,"\u002Fdocuments\u002Fhostiensis-summa-aurea-1537",{"title":21,"description":1735},"documents\u002Fhostiensis-summa-aurea-1537","Golden Summa","gothic","https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdetails\u002Fbub_gb_zm0nce5DR_YC",1537,"74emfo_hMYJmOVpj8OEHW-PMNMcktUYjZvC4E4Bv8r8",[1759,1775,1814,1847,1863,1895,2120,2315,2380,2420,2476,2548,2643,2716,2773,2853,2887,2915,2964,3036,3093,3133,3179,3243,3308,3348,3370],{"id":1760,"title":5,"body":1761,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":1769,"navigation":56,"page":58,"path":1770,"pdf_page":61,"reading":53,"seo":1771,"sortable_pagination_id":1772,"stem":1773,"__hash__":1774},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb.md",{"type":8,"value":1762,"toc":1767},[1763],[1764,1765,5],"h1",{"id":1766},"de-simonia-et-ne-aliquid-pro-spiritualibus-exigatur-vel-promittatur",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1768},[],{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb",{"title":5,"description":47},1091.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb","V0-c22MtNEnxVygjqoXaM6QPdL9CERzLhcXb5bopURQ",{"id":1776,"title":1777,"body":1778,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":1807,"navigation":56,"page":1777,"path":1808,"pdf_page":1809,"reading":53,"seo":1810,"sortable_pagination_id":1811,"stem":1812,"__hash__":1813},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va.md","533va",{"type":8,"value":1779,"toc":1802},[1780,1785,1788,1792,1795,1799],[1781,1782,1784],"h2",{"id":1783},"tabula-questionum","Tabula questionum",[11,1786,1787],{},"1 Simonia quid sit. 2 Un dicat. 3 Qualr comittatur. 4 Et qualiter inducatur. 8. 5 Sacerdos an possit locare operas suas. 6 Clericus si precio appreciat vigilet cum defuncto: et dicat psalterium: an sit simonia. 7 Iudex si no vult excoicatu absoluere nisi prius soluat certa pecunie quantitatem an sit simonia. 9 Pactio omnis an inducat simoniam. 10 Qui admittitur ad accusandum simoniacum. 11 Simoniaci qua pena feriantur. Et que dispensatio circa eos adhibeatur. 15. 12 Simoniace conferens, ordine decetero executione dare non potest. 13 Hereticus excoicatus a depositus an possit conficere. 14 Secularis conuictus in modum inquisitionis quare degradatur et non regularis. 16 Episcopus an possit dispensare in simonia commissa circa officia mortuorum etc.",[1781,1789,1791],{"id":1790},"dictum-est-supra","Dictum est supra",[11,1793,1794],{},"Dictum est supra de accusationibus in generali. Et qr sup criminib. proponunt icipit tractare de ipis: primo ponendo rubricam de simonia tanq de illo crimine cui respectu alia p nihilo reputant vt.f.qo.j.pt3.2.q.vlt.c.vlt.r.f.e.per tuas. §.cet ras. vn etia r heresis appellat.vf.q.4.§.sed l3.tn aliqn dicunt aliqua cria maioza respectu maiozis pene q imponit: r sic solue.f.co.p tuas. ad fi.ri.f.r.c.l3.§.pc. puta crime lese maiestatis: sed in veritate minus est: qr plus est offendere diuinam maiestate q tpale: vt.j.de here.r §gtis. hic videdu.",[1781,1796,1798],{"id":1797},"quid-sit-simoia","Quid sit simoia",[11,1800,1801],{},"Quid sit simoia. Et vn dicat. Qualiter comittat. Quid ad accufatione simoniaci admittant. Qua pena feriant. Que dispensatio.r a q circa eos adhibeat. Quid de pecunia data occasioe simoiace prauitats.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1803},[1804,1805,1806],{"id":1783,"depth":48,"text":1784},{"id":1790,"depth":48,"text":1791},{"id":1797,"depth":48,"text":1798},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va",1092,{"description":47},1092.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va","GTZ8Y39VjhFk8RLENjn7FU3PpI4tRhfl1_JQ73n5l2o",{"id":1815,"title":1816,"body":1817,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":1841,"navigation":56,"page":1816,"path":1842,"pdf_page":1809,"reading":53,"seo":1843,"sortable_pagination_id":1844,"stem":1845,"__hash__":1846},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb.md","533vb",{"type":8,"value":1818,"toc":1838},[1819,1823,1826,1829,1832,1835],[1781,1820,1822],{"id":1821},"quid-sit-simonia","Quid sit simonia",[11,1824,1825],{},"Quid sit simonia. Et quidem studiosa voluntas: siue cupiditas emedi vel vedendi spiritualia vel spualibus annexa fm Da. r alios doct. antiquos sed hec descriptio non vf bona: qr innuit q sola intentione simonia comittat. hoc tn falsum est quo ad eccriam: lz quo ad deu veru sit: vt.j.e. tua nos. in fi. nam si de tali intentione duct intrauerit monasteriu aliqo r recept sit q aliqd daret si tn nullo pacto interposito intrauit lz postea aliqd dederit no cogit renuciare bificio siue prortio tal acqsito nec recipies reddere qo recepit imo talis simonia p pnlam abolet: qr hic no offendit ecclia sed solus de: vt.fe.c.vlt.q ex intetione iudicat holem. xxij.q.v.q plura re. sed ecclia no iudicat de occultis: sed solus de: vt.j.c.sicut in fi.r.xxxij.q.v. xpiana.ido q si oia q in hoc seculo comittunt p eccriam punirent locu diuina iudicia non hit: vt.vf.q.4.si oia.",[11,1827,1828],{},"Sz 3.f.de vfu.psuluit.xiii.q.iij.c.j.vbi sola intetioe sine pacto comittit vfura.rfi deo fallum est in iudiciali foro: vt.j.de vfuris.in ciuitate. sed in iudicio aie inducit vfurarius vt taliter recepta restituat vt dicit decre.cosuluit. Quare ergo r hic non est ide vt in iudicio aie inducat abbas: vt precium restituat: r monachus vt beneficio siue cosortio taliter acquisito renuncier? pot dici q vfura vtraq.l. condenat. indif. et ideo est prohibita in nono testameto: qr condenata est in veteri.",[11,1830,1831],{},"Idem ergo in prohibitis: q simoniaca sicut in sacris. vn et ons veditores colubaru eiecit de teplo.f.q.j.cu multis. et sic pot intelligi.f.q.j qui studet. r.c. reperiunt. r q.iij.no solu.r.j.q.j.cos. Sed decre.Hic.allegata.f.c.c.vlti. loquit de simoniacis: qr phibita. emere cu beneficiu in veteri testameto non erat prohibitu hodie igitur est simoniacum: quia prohibitum. r sic not. Uincen.f.de offi.delega.ex parte j. vnde r hodie simoniacum est emere vicaria castaldionatu aduocatia: r hmoi.j.e.ad nostra.f.q i si quis eps r.q.iij.saluatoz. r in his no obest sola voluntas sed requirit actus fm Boff. veru est quo ad eccriam: vt dixi.",[11,1833,1834],{},"Uel pot dici q io alio est.j.c.c.fi. vt.f.no restituat ei id qd dedit: qr monachus nihil ppriu habere pot vn qtucunq restitueret sibi preciu: semp monasteriu permaneret. s. de sta.mo. cu ad monasterium. Sed et qui dedit pecunia vfurario io restitueret: qr ppriu h3.",[11,1836,1837],{},"Ex h vr q si eps tali spe duct ordinauerit clericu seculare et postea pecunia recepit: qua spauerat in indicio aie inducatur vt pecunia reddat. r clico dici dz q eade itetioes habuit ne fuu offm crequat qusq seci fuerit dispesatu. Sz q ad ecclesia celebrabit: qd satis admitti pot: qr si",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1839},[1840],{"id":1821,"depth":48,"text":1822},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb",{"description":47},1092.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb","zNf8UdrqywxkU-60dJPsxoX-lpgpslu1y71AFETi4Ek",{"id":1848,"title":1849,"body":1850,"description":1854,"extension":52,"meta":1857,"navigation":56,"page":1849,"path":1858,"pdf_page":643,"reading":53,"seo":1859,"sortable_pagination_id":1860,"stem":1861,"__hash__":1862},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra.md","534ra",{"type":8,"value":1851,"toc":1855},[1852],[11,1853,1854],{},"cut dicta est ecclia non iudicat de occultis: vt aliter vt dica.s.s.qd de pecunia. ¶ Scda ratione non vf bona supradicta descriptio: qr innuit q sine studiosa cupiditate vededi vel emedi spiritualia committatur simonia: qd falsum est: vt p3 in inferioribus. ¶ Mihi vr qo sic describi pot. ¶ † Simonia est spualiu vel annexor spiritualibus precedete pacto promissionis pdonis: modi seruitij pcum vel cuiusuis tpalitatis receptio siue donatio: vt in inferiorib a parebit. ¶ Voco aut spualia ordine ab ecclia: r qolibet bnficiu spuale qd gratis r necessario d3 conferri: vt.s.de pben. relatum. r.de offi.archiepi.c.vl. Spualib9 aut annexa sunt fruct9 puenietes ex his beneficijs spualib9. r ita si emit alterum istor sine quo nec reliquu, puenit: neutru inemptu derelinquit. Spualia nas sine tpalib9 in nullo pficiunt sicut nec aia sine corpe corpalr viuit: vt.j.q.i.si quis obiecerit. fm Da. hoc intelligo qn fructus in perpetuu vedunt.i.ipm ius percipiendi: vt.s.de reb.ec no alie. ad audientia j.q.i.si qs pbedas.j.co.no satis.fec9 si ad tps vendunt fruct9 no ipm ius pcipiendi vt dica.j.ne pla.vices suas.ver.ite platus.se. Sz r hic di. vtru emat qs ppetuo fruct9 a plato qui h3 ma coferedi.r tunc est illicitu z an ab illo qui beneficiu recepit r a quo pot fructus emere in ppetuu. i. qdiu vixerit bnficiatus. fm Lau.ar.s.vt bnfi.ec.sine dimi. aseratur.c.vnico.s.fi.r que sit ro diri.j.ne plati vices suas.v.s3 quare. ¶ Jte r ecclesia pot dari reteto ibi certo cesu in ppetuu coi cosensu epi r capituli, vt.s.de reli.do.cstitutus.r.j.e. querelam. sed precedete pacto donatione vl receptione secutaz: nes ante nes post aliqd d3 exigi vel recipi vel etiaz nullo precedente pacto erigi violeter obtetu alicui9 csuetudinis era: si csuetudo sit vt det aliqd pro pastu vel pastulo vel pro roce vel pro calamo si ne scriptura vt.j.c.c.j.r.s.q.iij.si qs obiecerit. .si qs pbenda. sed gratis pot offerri gratis oblatum sicut tz curiar pbatur.j.c.dilect9 fili9.r.c.r si qonces.s.vlt. ¶ Vel dic q annexa spualib9 sunt iura patronat9 que phibent vendi sicut r spulia: vt.s.de iure pa.c.de iure.c.qr clerici. r de re.pmu.quesitu. r de iudi. sto.dr aut spuali annexum pp quada cniam: q.s.cadit in laicu r a laico quasi possideret: cum nullu aliud ius spuale in laicu cadat p eter9 ius funerandi.ff.de mor.inferendo.l.j. r preter ius eligendi si er priuilegio cuetat.s. de iure pa.nobis.fm Bof. ide etia vt in multis alijs iurib9 spualib9 ex quo a papa coce deretur: vt.xxij.di.s.vetx s.de decimis.a nobis.r.c.tua.r.j. ¶ S3 r annexum spuali est ius pcipiendi puent9 rone canonie vel plature. na lz spuale sit tale ius tn dz anexu ppt9 tpa",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1856},[],{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra",{"description":1854},1093.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra","hWhLveGp-X0trM6ongawSRmeBJMRyf-pgdXjeWcLy0I",{"id":1864,"title":1865,"body":1866,"description":1870,"extension":52,"meta":1889,"navigation":56,"page":1865,"path":1890,"pdf_page":643,"reading":53,"seo":1891,"sortable_pagination_id":1892,"stem":1893,"__hash__":1894},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb.md","534rb",{"type":8,"value":1867,"toc":1885},[1868,1871,1875,1878,1882],[11,1869,1870],{},"litate q inest pcipieda f3 Sof. ¶ In his ergo ois cdo ois pmissio oe pactu tpalis cmoditatis inducit simonia: vt.s.de re.permu csitu. r de pactis.c. vlt.r.s.q.i.cu pio. fec9 si postea gratis offerat.j.c.tua nos. m. j.r.s.j.r no.s.eo.v.ite r ecclias. queda em sunt q r. si in honeste petantur.c.vt.j.de magistr3. .s.vtrum a scholarib9.v. si vo magistro. Sz caueat quilibet de intentione mala vt not.s.e. .s.rn.s. Jte licita cditio r que de iure est apponi potest. vt.c. di.in ca. r.s. de ele. significasti.",[1781,1872,1874],{"id":1873},"et-unde-dicatur","Et unde dicatur",[11,1876,1877],{},"†a Et qde a Simone mago dr simoia q pm9 i nouo testo voluit emere gratiam a beato petro. vocat et cupiditas gieziti ca: ide gieziti a giezi seruo elisei: qui prio in veteri testo gratiam sanitatis vedidit naama pncipi militie regis assyriox vnde fuit percussus lepia qua naama laborabat r naama sanatus est. vt.s.q.i.q studet. r.c. cito turpem. r ideo dr qo tales cu giezi r simone accipiat portionem.j.e.non satis.r.c.se. et c. sicut pro certo. sic r qui sibi assumit honorem cum dathan r abyron quos viuos terra ab forbuit participare iubetur: vt s.de ele. sed euitada.s. si quis autem. ¶ Ex premissis patet quod proprie loquendo venditor spiritualiu gieziticus em ptor vero simoniacus est. Sed vsus obtinuit vt vterq simoniacus appelletur secundum Goffre.",[1781,1879,1881],{"id":1880},"qualiter-committatur","Qualiter committatur",[11,1883,1884],{},"† His versibus comprehende. ¶ Munus lingua caro timor atq fauor popularis. ¶ Impediunt gratis spuale dari. ¶ Mun9 qo triplex est ideo dictum est beatus q excutit manus suas ab oi munere. nam est mun9 a manu: qr.s.datur pecuiia. Jte a ligua.s. fauor vt sequit. Jte ab obsequio puta seruitus indebite impensa s.q.j.sunt nonnulli. intelligas",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":1886},[1887,1888],{"id":1873,"depth":48,"text":1874},{"id":1880,"depth":48,"text":1881},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb",{"description":1870},1093.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb","0SBUPJvfXaPVubHtrPTFGa6hYl-2TQ8RXkUxVb_qvYc",{"id":1896,"title":1897,"body":1898,"description":2112,"extension":52,"meta":2113,"navigation":56,"page":1897,"path":2114,"pdf_page":2115,"reading":53,"seo":2116,"sortable_pagination_id":2117,"stem":2118,"__hash__":2119},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va.md","534va",{"type":8,"value":1899,"toc":2110},[1900],[11,1901,1902,1903,1907,1908,1911,1912,1915,1916,1918,1919,1921,1922,1925,1926,1929,1930,1933,1934,1937,1938,1940,1941,1943,1944,1946,1947,1949,1950,1953,1954,1957,1958,1924,1961,1963,1964,1966,1967,1969,1970,1972,1973,1976,1977,1979,1980,1982,1983,1986,1987,1989,1990,1993,1994,1997,1998,2000,2001,2003,2004,2006,2007,2010,2011,2014,2015,2017,2018,2021,2022,2024,2025,2027,2028,2030,2031,2033,2034,2037,2038,2040,2041,2043,2044,2046,2047,2050,2051,2053,2054,2056,2057,2059,2060,2063,2064,2066,2067,2069,2070,2072,2073,2075,2076,2078,2079,2081,2082,2084,2085,2087,2088,2090,2091,2093,2094,2096,2097,2099,2100,2102,2103,2105,2106,2109],{},"pacto precedente in vtroq",[1904,1905,1906],"span",{},"ue"," casu. vn",[1904,1909,1910],{},"de"," si pmitto tibi ecclesiam: vt negotium meu",[1904,1913,1914],{},"m"," in curia romana promoueas: simoniacu",[1904,1917,1914],{}," est: vt j.e.cu",[1904,1920,1914],{}," essent. secus si seruio tibi hac spe ductus.s. secu",[1904,1923,1924],{},"n","dario q",[1904,1927,1928],{},"uod"," mihi benefacias: sed simpliciter seruio gratis. q.d. si princip",[1904,1931,1932],{},"a","l",[1904,1935,1936],{},"ite","r seruio tibi gratis secu",[1904,1939,1924],{},"dario a te expecta",[1904,1942,1924],{},"s beneficiu",[1904,1945,1914],{},", no",[1904,1948,1924],{}," delinquo. vt ar.l.fi.di.q",[1904,1951,1952],{},"uo","d pderit. & ff. de pe. here. sed si hac.l.§. consului",[1904,1955,1956],{},"t",". sed si seruio tibi principaliter vt b",[1904,1959,1960],{},"e",[1904,1962,1960],{},"ficiu",[1904,1965,1914],{}," mihi des secundario gratis tu",[1904,1968,1924],{},"c delinquo sed etia",[1904,1971,1914],{}," in hoc casu sufficit mihi p",[1904,1974,1975],{},"er"," pniam satisfacere creatori: vt no.3.§.quid sit, & sm hanc dist. intellige.j.e.tua nos. fm Goff. & alia queda",[1904,1978,1914],{}," iura q",[1904,1981,1906],{}," pro & contra inducunt.s. q",[1904,1984,1985],{},"uonia","m seruire pos- sim.l.fi.dif.miramur.lix.dist.si officia.&.lxxiiij.dist. consuluit. lxxvj.dif.in singu.viij.q.j.qui episcopatu",[1904,1988,1914],{},". & contra.viij.qo.j. sunt in ecclia.xij.q.ij.habebat. ¶ Uel aliter pot",[1904,1991,1992],{},"est"," dist. fm Goffr. q",[1904,1995,1996],{},"uia"," aut obsequiu",[1904,1999,1914],{}," est corporale aut spuale. Si corpale sit & honestu",[1904,2002,1914],{},": vitiu",[1904,2005,1914],{}," n",[1904,2008,2009],{},"on"," inducit d",[1904,2012,2013],{},"u","m pactu",[1904,2016,1914],{}," tn non interueniat vt si q",[1904,2019,2020],{},"ui","s seruiat epo suo i",[1904,2023,1924],{}," honestis: puta eu",[1904,2026,1924],{},"do roma",[1904,2029,1914],{},": aduoca",[1904,2032,1924],{},"do p",[1904,2035,2036],{},"ro"," eo: p",[1904,2039,2036],{},"cura",[1904,2042,1924],{},"do sua negotia & hoc innuitur.j.qo.j.sunt nonulli. ibi munus ab obsequio est serui- tus indebite impe",[1904,2045,1924],{},"sa & hoc intelligas vbi dign",[1904,2048,2049],{},"us"," et honest",[1904,2052,2049],{}," prestat obsequium vt dictum est. Si vero indignus dignum: vel dignus indigno prestet obsequium: non caret vitio simonie: q",[1904,2055,1952],{},"d si obsequium spirituale sit: et ex pacto prestetur vitium inducit nisi beneficio vel persone tui sit annexum.3.de preben. significatu",[1904,2058,1914],{},". sec",[1904,2061,2062],{},"un","d",[1904,2065,2013],{},"m Goffre. & nisi j.e.ver.& sunt hec. ¶ Sed munus a manu semper simonia",[1904,2068,1914],{}," inducit nisi adeo modicu",[1904,2071,1914],{}," sit q",[1904,2074,1928],{}," a",[1904,2077,1924],{},"im",[1904,2080,2013],{},"m promouentis non debeat mouere inspecta qualitate p",[1904,2083,1975],{},"sonarum & causa & tempore vnde aliquando equus datus simonia",[1904,2086,1914],{}," no",[1904,2089,1924],{}," induce",[1904,2092,1924],{},"t multomin",[1904,2095,2049],{}," electuariu",[1904,2098,1914],{}," v",[1904,2101,1960],{},"l vinu",[1904,2104,1914],{}," vel que al",[1904,2107,2108],{},"ia","s modici precij sunt.vt.j.cod.ex tue.sic et pro modico, & si que-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2111},[],"pacto precedente in vtroque casu. vnde si pmitto tibi ecclesiam: vt negotium meum in curia romana promoueas: simoniacum est: vt j.e.cum essent. secus si seruio tibi hac spe ductus.s. secundario quod mihi benefacias: sed simpliciter seruio gratis. q.d. si principaliter seruio tibi gratis secundario a te expectans beneficium, non delinquo. vt ar.l.fi.di.quod pderit. & ff. de pe. here. sed si hac.l.§. consuluit. sed si seruio tibi principaliter vt beneficium mihi des secundario gratis tunc delinquo sed etiam in hoc casu sufficit mihi per pniam satisfacere creatori: vt no.3.§.quid sit, & sm hanc dist. intellige.j.e.tua nos. fm Goff. & alia quedam iura que pro & contra inducunt.s. quoniam seruire pos- sim.l.fi.dif.miramur.lix.dist.si officia.&.lxxiiij.dist. consuluit. lxxvj.dif.in singu.viij.q.j.qui episcopatum. & contra.viij.qo.j. sunt in ecclia.xij.q.ij.habebat. ¶ Uel aliter potest dist. fm Goffr. quia aut obsequium est corporale aut spuale. Si corpale sit & honestum: vitium non inducit dum pactum tn non interueniat vt si quis seruiat epo suo in honestis: puta eundo romam: aduocando pro eo: procurando sua negotia & hoc innuitur.j.qo.j.sunt nonulli. ibi munus ab obsequio est serui- tus indebite impensa & hoc intelligas vbi dignus et honestus prestat obsequium vt dictum est. Si vero indignus dignum: vel dignus indigno prestet obsequium: non caret vitio simonie: quod si obsequium spirituale sit: et ex pacto prestetur vitium inducit nisi beneficio vel persone tui sit annexum.3.de preben. significatum. secundum Goffre. & nisi j.e.ver.& sunt hec. ¶ Sed munus a manu semper simoniam inducit nisi adeo modicum sit quod animum promouentis non debeat mouere inspecta qualitate personarum & causa & tempore vnde aliquando equus datus simoniam non inducent multominus electuarium vel vinum vel que alias modici precij sunt.vt.j.cod.ex tue.sic et pro modico, & si que-",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va",1094,{"description":2112},1094.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va","aYJUWn3z8iOr1JURO4bdYxvylHMKzBYeOkgFlEsMEIE",{"id":2121,"title":2122,"body":2123,"description":2308,"extension":52,"meta":2309,"navigation":56,"page":2122,"path":2310,"pdf_page":2115,"reading":53,"seo":2311,"sortable_pagination_id":2312,"stem":2313,"__hash__":2314},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb.md","534vb",{"type":8,"value":2124,"toc":2306},[2125],[11,2126,2127,2128,2130,2131,2133,2134,2136,2137,2139,2140,2142,2143,2145,2146,2148,2149,2151,2152,2155,2156,1924,2159,2161,2162,2164,2165,2167,2168,2170,2171,2173,2174,2176,2177,2179,2180,2182,2183,2185,2186,2188,2189,2191,2192,2194,2195,2197,2198,2200,2201,2203,2204,2207,2208,2211,2212,2214,2215,2217,2218,2220,2221,2223,2224,2226,2227,2229,2230,2232,2233,2235,2236,2238,2239,2241,2242,2244,2245,2247,2248,2250,2251,2253,2254,2256,2257,2259,2260,2262,2263,2266,2267,2262,2269,2271,2272,2274,2275,2277,2278,2280,2281,2284,2285,2288,2289,2291,2292,2294,2295,2297,2298,2300,2301,2238,2303,2305],{},"stiones q",[1904,2129,1952],{},"d intelligas si pactum non precessit: alias etia",[1904,2132,1914],{}," pro.vj. solidis simonia co",[1904,2135,1914],{},"mittit. vt j.eo.ex tue.sic et pro modico co",[1904,2138,1914],{},"mittit furtu",[1904,2141,1914],{},". xiiij.q.vlt.c.vlti. ¶ Dic q",[1904,2144,1952],{},"d quicquid agant homines: intentio iudicat oes quo ad deum vt no.3.eo.§.q",[1904,2147,1952],{},"d sit. & iunge q",[1904,2150,1952],{},"d no.j.eo.v.querit de encenijs.& seq. ideo dixit Lau. ¶ Muneribus dandis attedas quatuor ista. ¶ Quis dans quisve petens: que res: que ca",[1904,2153,2154],{},"usa"," petedi: vetus c",[1904,2157,2158],{},"ommu",[1904,2160,1960],{}," prouerbiu",[1904,2163,1914],{}," est neq",[1904,2166,1906],{}," oes: neq",[1904,2169,1906],{}," ola: neq",[1904,2172,1906],{}," ab olbus. na",[1904,2175,1914],{}," valde inhumanu",[1904,2178,1914],{}," est a nemine recipere velle sed & ola & ab oib",[1904,2181,2049],{}," vilissimum: vt.ff. de offi.proco.solet.§.vlt. ergo esculentu",[1904,2184,1914],{}," & poculentu",[1904,2187,1914],{}," quod infra triduu",[1904,2190,1914],{}," cofumi possit recipere l3: vt.ff. de offi. presi.plebiscito. ¶ Et breuiter cosiderandu",[1904,2193,1914],{}," est q",[1904,2196,1952],{},"d offerat. xix.di.serui. ¶ Item quale coferat. xlix.dist.c. pe. & vlti. ¶ Item a quo offerat. ar.iij.q.vij.in gradibus. ¶ Item pro quo offerat.j.q.j.dictu",[1904,2199,1914],{}," est.ij. ¶ Item antequa",[1904,2202,1914],{}," offerat.de confe.di.q.& di",[1904,2205,2206],{},"xe","rit. ¶ Item q",[1904,2209,2210],{},"ua"," intetione offerat. viij.q.j.in scripturis.&.de elec.officij. ¶ Item quatu",[1904,2213,1914],{}," offerat. xvij.q.j.ananias. vn",[1904,2216,1910],{}," seneca q",[1904,2219,2020],{},"da",[1904,2222,1914],{}," cynicus.i. ribaldus rephe",[1904,2225,1924],{},"sor. q",[1904,2228,1952],{},"d em cynic",[1904,2231,2049],{}," a cynos q",[1904,2234,1952],{},"d est canis: inde cynic",[1904,2237,2049],{}," q",[1904,2240,2210],{},"si mordax siue caninus reprehensor. quida",[1904,2243,1914],{}," ergo talis petiit ab antigono rege talentum. rndit plus esse q",[1904,2246,1928],{}," cinico debebat dari. tu",[1904,2249,1924],{},"c cynicus petiit denariu",[1904,2252,1914],{},". rndit minus esse q",[1904,2255,1928],{}," rege",[1904,2258,1914],{}," deceat dare. & sic repulit ipm: poterat ei tn dare talentu",[1904,2261,1914],{}," tanq",[1904,2264,2265],{},"uam"," rex denariu",[1904,2268,1914],{},[1904,2270,2265],{}," cynico. ¶ In talibus vero exceptis a iure pot recipi munus.s. gratis offeratur.j.q.j.quicquid inuisibilis.&.q.ij. q",[1904,2273,2265],{}," pio in fine.et capitulo placuit.infra eodem dilectus filius.& notatur supra code.§. quid sit. v",[1904,2276,1975],{},"si.in his ergo. Item q",[1904,2279,1928],{}," illa concurrut q",[1904,2282,2283],{},"uae"," no.§.e. versicu sed minus. & sequ",[1904,2286,2287],{},"i",". Item pro operis spiritualibus: vt quis ad hoc officio non tenetur.xij.q.ij.charitate. q",[1904,2290,1952],{},"d dic vt no.j.c.ver. & sunt hec. ¶ Item cu",[1904,2293,1914],{}," eleemosyna datur pro vita eterna & remissione peccatorum que sunt eleemosynis redimeda. xij.questione.ij. anime.supra de test.capi.fi. prima questione prima.ipsi sacerdotes. ¶ Item pro redimenda vexatione.infra eodem dilectus.quod dic vt not.infra eodem sub.§.lingua.verfi.sed nun- quid licet. ¶ Sextus casus est in visitationibus supra de censi.cum apostolus et consecrationibus. infra eodem cum sit romana pro his enim expensas suas potest visitator vel consecrator recipere: quia nec tenetur de ppriis stipendiis militare.supra de prescrip.cu",[1904,2296,1914],{}," ex officij.& sic n",[1904,2299,2009],{}," peccat. q",[1904,2302,1996],{},[1904,2304,2020],{}," peccat non facit hoc legis autoritate. xxiij. questione quarta.qui peccat infra de priuile.vt priuilegia. vbi de licentia pape celebratur sine peccato in ecclesia interdicta. licet ergo consecratori procurationem recipere & sic con-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2307},[],"stiones quod intelligas si pactum non precessit: alias etiam pro.vj. solidis simonia committit. vt j.eo.ex tue.sic et pro modico committit furtum. xiiij.q.vlt.c.vlti. ¶ Dic quod quicquid agant homines: intentio iudicat oes quo ad deum vt no.3.eo.§.quod sit. & iunge quod no.j.eo.v.querit de encenijs.& seq. ideo dixit Lau. ¶ Muneribus dandis attedas quatuor ista. ¶ Quis dans quisve petens: que res: que causa petedi: vetus commune prouerbium est neque oes: neque ola: neque ab olbus. nam valde inhumanum est a nemine recipere velle sed & ola & ab oibus vilissimum: vt.ff. de offi.proco.solet.§.vlt. ergo esculentum & poculentum quod infra triduum cofumi possit recipere l3: vt.ff. de offi. presi.plebiscito. ¶ Et breuiter cosiderandum est quod offerat. xix.di.serui. ¶ Item quale coferat. xlix.dist.c. pe. & vlti. ¶ Item a quo offerat. ar.iij.q.vij.in gradibus. ¶ Item pro quo offerat.j.q.j.dictum est.ij. ¶ Item antequam offerat.de confe.di.q.& dixerit. ¶ Item qua intetione offerat. viij.q.j.in scripturis.&.de elec.officij. ¶ Item quatum offerat. xvij.q.j.ananias. vnde seneca quidam cynicus.i. ribaldus rephensor. quod em cynicus a cynos quod est canis: inde cynicus quasi mordax siue caninus reprehensor. quidam ergo talis petiit ab antigono rege talentum. rndit plus esse quod cinico debebat dari. tunc cynicus petiit denarium. rndit minus esse quod regem deceat dare. & sic repulit ipm: poterat ei tn dare talentum tanquam rex denarium tanquam cynico. ¶ In talibus vero exceptis a iure pot recipi munus.s. gratis offeratur.j.q.j.quicquid inuisibilis.&.q.ij. quam pio in fine.et capitulo placuit.infra eodem dilectus filius.& notatur supra code.§. quid sit. versi.in his ergo. Item quod illa concurrut quae no.§.e. versicu sed minus. & sequi. Item pro operis spiritualibus: vt quis ad hoc officio non tenetur.xij.q.ij.charitate. quod dic vt no.j.c.ver. & sunt hec. ¶ Item cum eleemosyna datur pro vita eterna & remissione peccatorum que sunt eleemosynis redimeda. xij.questione.ij. anime.supra de test.capi.fi. prima questione prima.ipsi sacerdotes. ¶ Item pro redimenda vexatione.infra eodem dilectus.quod dic vt not.infra eodem sub.§.lingua.verfi.sed nun- quid licet. ¶ Sextus casus est in visitationibus supra de censi.cum apostolus et consecrationibus. infra eodem cum sit romana pro his enim expensas suas potest visitator vel consecrator recipere: quia nec tenetur de ppriis stipendiis militare.supra de prescrip.cum ex officij.& sic non peccat. quia qui peccat non facit hoc legis autoritate. xxiij. questione quarta.qui peccat infra de priuile.vt priuilegia. vbi de licentia pape celebratur sine peccato in ecclesia interdicta. licet ergo consecratori procurationem recipere & sic con-",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb",{"description":2308},1094.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb","OxekR2xng2gYUKj50uXbaMpkBx1HMpSDfKLhROgQnEs",{"id":2316,"title":2317,"body":2318,"description":2322,"extension":52,"meta":2373,"navigation":56,"page":2317,"path":2374,"pdf_page":2375,"reading":53,"seo":2376,"sortable_pagination_id":2377,"stem":2378,"__hash__":2379},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra.md","535ra",{"type":8,"value":2319,"toc":2365},[2320,2323,2327,2330,2334,2337,2341,2344,2348,2351,2355,2358,2362],[11,2321,2322],{},"secrare: et nihilominus hoc videtur gratis facere, s.de vit.et ho.cle.cum ab omni.iiij.q.iij.ver. item venturis.",[1781,2324,2326],{"id":2325},"non-tamen-intelligas","Non tamen intelligas",[11,2328,2329],{},"Non tn̄ intelligas qd p̃ ipso actu consecrandi aliquid exigat: alias ꝯtra.j.q.j.statuimus.",[1781,2331,2333],{"id":2332},"sed-pro-labore","Sed pro labore",[11,2335,2336],{},"Sed pro labore vie.xij.q.s.charitatem. pro ipso aũt labore recipi pot etiam si in ecclesia in ciuitate sit. s.de cesi.venerabili. nam si magis laboret eundo ad ecclesiã dictã, laborat tn̄ etiã in eundo ad eccliam ciuitatis, fm̄ Gof. sed cũ labor talis sp̃alis sit que prelatus tenetur de necessitate subire et ex officio sibi iniuncto melius est vt dicamus qd hoc ius dat consuetudo.j.e.ad apostolicam.et qz equum est vt qui seminat sp̃ualia metat et tpalia sicut p3 per multa exempla.xiij.q.j.§.qz ergo. quinimo hoc accidit rõne conueritatis vt.s.de censi.cum venerabilis. vnde sicut nec visitatio sic neque procuratio ratione visitationis ipsius debita prescribetur. s.de prescript.cum ex officio.§.nos igitur, ad hoc.s.de concess.preben.non vacan.postulastis.§.de consti, translato.",[1781,2338,2340],{"id":2339},"et-sunt-hec-in-argumentum","Et sunt hec in argumentum",[11,2342,2343],{},"Et sunt hec in argumentum quod sacerdos possit locare operas suas si non h3 alias vnde viuat vt.xci.di.c.j.ij.et iij.et.j.q.j.iudices.j.q.ij.c.pe.et vl.et.x.q.ij.relatum.xij.q.ij.charitatẽ.et.c.quicunque et c.ecclesiasticis. et ar.optimum.xij.q.j.illi qui, j.titu.j.c.fi. Sed caueat qd principalẽ intentionem suam non ad pecuniã referat: sed ad remissionem seu veniam obtinendam. si vero sacerdos ecclesie sit dispensatus et intitulatus, talis nihil ex pacto debet recipere etiam obtentu sumptuum.de conse.distinc.j.j.sufficit. sunt tn̄ parochiani cogendi ad soluenduz id qd consuetudo laudabilis introduxit.j.eod.ad apostolicam.in fine. et sic dandas oblationes.xvj.q.j.statuimus.xxxij.q.ij.ppter hoc.in fi.",[1781,2345,2347],{"id":2346},"quid-si-oblationes-non-sufficiant","Quid si oblationes non sufficiant",[11,2349,2350],{},"Quid si oblationes non sufficiant, dic vt not.s.de parochia.§.in quibus. sub.§.hic tn̄ sciendum.versic.vel nisi sacerdotes.et seq.",[1781,2352,2354],{"id":2353},"quid-si-clericus-precio-appreciatus","Quid si clericus precio appreciatus",[11,2356,2357],{},"† Quid si clericus precio appreciatus vigilet cum defunctore dicat psalterium. respondeo si ita fecit pactum pro sex denarijs legã psalteriũ simonia est. Sed si ita dixit pro sex denarijs vigilabo cum defuncto hac nocte non est simonia: quis tacite insit qd debeat legere.ar.s.de cle.significasti.in fi.et de preben.significatum.et.ff.de here.insti.si quis sempronium. et sic laborem que non tenetur subire ex necessitate siue ex officio vendere potest non spiritualem.",[1781,2359,2361],{"id":2360},"verumtamen-licet-sacra-ecclesiastice","Verumtamen licet sacra ecclesiastice",[11,2363,2364],{},"Verumtamen licet sacra ecclesiastice gratis sint conferenda: nec quicquã recipi debeat pro sepulturis aut exequijs mortuorum vel benedictionibus nubentiuz vel alijs sacramẽtis ecclesiasticis vel benedictionibus conferendis: nec pro chrismate nec pro oleo licet nomen mutetur.vt.j.eo.cum ecclesie.et.c.ea que. et.c.ad nostram.et.c.suaz.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2366},[2367,2368,2369,2370,2371,2372],{"id":2325,"depth":48,"text":2326},{"id":2332,"depth":48,"text":2333},{"id":2339,"depth":48,"text":2340},{"id":2346,"depth":48,"text":2347},{"id":2353,"depth":48,"text":2354},{"id":2360,"depth":48,"text":2361},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra",1095,{"description":2322},1095.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra","14_QNEcbPGcNpl7F3CXVSNrU8MbvYKRyZV2NlT_B-bQ",{"id":2381,"title":2382,"body":2383,"description":2387,"extension":52,"meta":2414,"navigation":56,"page":2382,"path":2415,"pdf_page":2375,"reading":53,"seo":2416,"sortable_pagination_id":2417,"stem":2418,"__hash__":2419},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb.md","535rb",{"type":8,"value":2384,"toc":2409},[2385,2388,2392,2395,2399,2402,2406],[11,2386,2387],{},"et.c.in tãtum. precipitur tn̄ qd laudabiles consuetudines obseruentur.vt.j.qd.iij.quesituz. xviij.di.de eulogijs.in aut.de sanctis.epis.§.pro cõsuetudinibus.",[1781,2389,2391],{"id":2390},"sed-contra-qz-nulla-prosuetudo-prodest","Sed contra qz nulla prosuetudo prodest",[11,2393,2394],{},"S3 ꝯtra qz nulla ꝓsuetudo prodest.vt.j.eo.satis.et.c.se. nec pro ecclesia ꝓferẽda vel consecrãda vel abbate vel abbatissa ponenda in sede aliqd est dandum vel ibi: nec pro inuestitura ecclesie d3 archidiaconus marcham exigere argenti: vel archipresbyter vaccam albam: vel aliquam pecunie quantitatem nec pro consecrationibus episcoporum benedictionibus abbatum ordinationibus clericoruz l3 de corruptela taxatum sit quãtum sit isti vel illi tribuendum: sicut quidaz faciunt qui volunt habere cacabos seu scutellas et manutergia: vt.j.eo.in tm̄.et.c.sicut pro certo et etiam pro pastu nihil exigi debet: vt dixi.s.de eo.§.quid sit.ver.item et ecclesia. et probatur.j.eo.veniens. vn nec canonico de nouo recepto subtrahenda est prebenda hac ratione qd nõ vult dare prandiũ qd consueuerunt dare canonici de nouo recepti: vt.j.eodez. Jaco.",[1781,2396,2398],{"id":2397},"solutio-ex-pacto","Solutio ex pacto",[11,2400,2401],{},"Solutio ex pacto nihil recipi debet obtentu alicuius consuetudinis: sed si gratis offeratur recipi potest: vt not.s.§.quid sit.ver.in his ergo.et j.questio.ij. sicut episcopum.",[1781,2403,2405],{"id":2404},"vel-melius","Vel melius",[11,2407,2408],{},"Vel melius aut clerici exigunt a laicis obtentu cõsuetudinis: et tunc non debet clerici retinere pignus spirituale. imo gratis debent sepelire vl' bn̄dictiões dare: et postea veritate cognita p ep̃m loci cogetur laici laudabilem cõsuetudinem obseruare. pia deuotione fidelium erga matrez dei ecclesiã introductã: vt.j.c.ad apostolicaz. Aut clerici clericis. et tunc si clerici petentes exigant id in quo propria vtilitas et priuata versatur: puta pastum vel pastillum quia ipsoruz deus venter est: vel quãcunque pecuniam volueris proprijs vsibus ꝯuertendã: nõ v3",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2410},[2411,2412,2413],{"id":2390,"depth":48,"text":2391},{"id":2397,"depth":48,"text":2398},{"id":2404,"depth":48,"text":2405},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb",{"description":2387},1095.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb","Bn2wJGgIdUxKfmvsNQ61aaZ2Insf6dTbkA8jxQ6Vo-0",{"id":2421,"title":2422,"body":2423,"description":2427,"extension":52,"meta":2470,"navigation":56,"page":2422,"path":2471,"pdf_page":1332,"reading":53,"seo":2472,"sortable_pagination_id":2473,"stem":2474,"__hash__":2475},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va.md","535va",{"type":8,"value":2424,"toc":2463},[2425,2428,2432,2435,2439,2442,2446,2449,2453,2456,2460],[11,2426,2427],{},"vt in concor. quas signaui. s. e. ver. sed contra.",[1781,2429,2431],{"id":2430},"quid-ergo-si-de-consuetudine","Quid ergo si de consuetudine",[11,2433,2434],{},"Quid ergo si de consuetudine sit quod canonicus de nouo receptus debeat cappam facere vel certam pecunie quantitatem dare fabrice ecclesie vel luminariis vel in aliis que ad diuinum cultum tantum pertinent. dico consuetudinem seruandam tanquam laudabilem. arg. s. de preben. significatum. et de his que fi. a ma. par. ca. c. fi. et de testa. officii. c. vlti. et s. eo. ad apostolicam: non tamen retineatur prebenda loco pignoris. ar. eiusdem decre. vel dic quod bene potest retineri. si hic sit consuetudo: quod non assignetur prebenda quousque cappam fecerit. in hoc enim casu poterit deus a clerico facto canonico spirituale exigere. vt sic de spirituali ad spirituale quasi quedam permutatio fiat. vt. s. de re. permu. ad questiones.",[1781,2436,2438],{"id":2437},"et-sic-in-hac-exactione","Et sic in hac exactione",[11,2440,2441],{},"Et sic in hac exactione priuata canonicorum vtilitas reprobatur tantum non publica. arg. s. de consti. cum omnes. et c. cum. M. et c. ex parte. quia timetur et auaritia vnde nec clerici a clericis decias exigunt. s. de deci. c. i. et. ii. et de censi. ea que. et de prebe. auaritie. Laicis autem est gratis gratia conferenda: vt. j. co. in tantum. s. j. et. j. de magistris. prohibes.",[1781,2443,2445],{"id":2444},"quid-de-his-qui-habent-diuersa-cemiteria","Quid de his qui habent diuersa cemiteria",[11,2447,2448],{},"Quid de his qui habent diuersa cemiteria: vnum in quo non intrat nisi canonicus sit vel frater: aliud commune. est tamen taxatum pro quanto extraneus potest censeri frater siue pro quanto in cimiterio fratrum poterit sepeliri. dico hoc simoniacum. j. eodem. audiuimus. et c. sicut. quia pro terra nihil recipi debet vt. s. sepul. obolende. nec pro officio. vt dictum est s. ver. in casibus.",[1781,2450,2452],{"id":2451},"quid-si-maior-crux-non-deportetur","Quid si maior crux non deportetur",[11,2454,2455],{},"Quid si maior crux non deportetur: nisi certo precio habito: et hoc sine dubio simoniacum est: et species mali et auaritie signum ergo reprobandum: vt. j. codem. audiuimus. et no. s. eo. ver. quid ergo in fi.",[1781,2457,2459],{"id":2458},"quid-de-his-qui-faciunt-pactum-de-lecto-redimendo","Quid de his qui faciunt pactum de lecto redimendo",[11,2461,2462],{},"Quid de his qui faciunt pactum de lecto redimendo quod certo precio antequam",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2464},[2465,2466,2467,2468,2469],{"id":2430,"depth":48,"text":2431},{"id":2437,"depth":48,"text":2438},{"id":2444,"depth":48,"text":2445},{"id":2451,"depth":48,"text":2452},{"id":2458,"depth":48,"text":2459},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va",{"description":2427},1096.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va","oA5SKHB1jI5uOX-Nd6GkEBtJLNQjVrmlq2gkiwuTAis",{"id":2477,"title":2478,"body":2479,"description":2483,"extension":52,"meta":2542,"navigation":56,"page":2478,"path":2543,"pdf_page":1332,"reading":53,"seo":2544,"sortable_pagination_id":2545,"stem":2546,"__hash__":2547},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb.md","535vb",{"type":8,"value":2480,"toc":2533},[2481,2484,2488,2491,2495,2498,2502,2505,2509,2512,2516,2519,2523,2526,2530],[11,2482,2483],{},"corpus deportetur ad ecclesiam certe et lectus et panni equales sunt. ergo et vendi et redimi et donari et permutari possunt tam ab initio quam ex post facto.",[1781,2485,2487],{"id":2486},"quid-si-clerici-nolunt-corpus-sepelire","Quid si clerici nolunt corpus sepelire",[11,2489,2490],{},"Quid si clerici nolunt corpus sepelire nisi prius interposito pacto de lecto reddendo. species mali est: cum fiat pactum de temporali ad spirituale. s. de re. permu. c. vlti.",[1781,2492,2494],{"id":2493},"quid-si-deportato-corpore","Quid si deportato corpore",[11,2496,2497],{},"Quid si deportato corpore ad ecclesiam clerici volunt recuperare lectum: et etiam violenter ipsum deportando ad domum suam. respondeo nihilominus debet corpus gratis et honorifice sepeliri. sed cum consuetudo ecclesie generalis sit vel quasi quod lectus retineatur a clericis possunt amici per censuram ecclesiasticam cogi ad lectum restituendum: quia talis consuetudo laudabilis. in hoc casu vel simili potest intelligi. j. codem. ad apostolicam.",[1781,2499,2501],{"id":2500},"quid-si-consuetudo-sit","Quid si consuetudo sit",[11,2503,2504],{},"Quid si consuetudo sit quod sacerdos debeat habere vestes quas deferebat mortuus tempore mortis vt in castro clariaci vianensi dioc. dico ipsum gratis sepeliendum et laicum cohercendum. s. heredem vel illum qui possidet ad vestimenta reddenda. vt in proximo decre. cuius autoritate hec iudicaui quando eram cum domino Jo. archipresbytero vianensi tunc apostolice sedis legato. et eadem hec approbat sed non debet sacerdos retinere loco pignoris exequii quod gratis conferri debet etiam si alio cui obligatus esset vt. s. de sepul. parochiano. et de natis ex libero vel c. vnico.",[1781,2506,2508],{"id":2507},"quid-si-consuetudo-sit-quod-nubens","Quid si consuetudo sit quod nubens",[11,2510,2511],{},"Quid si consuetudo sit quod nubens benedictionem recipiens det. vj. denarios. vel. v. solidos. et hoc idem iudico vt gratis conferatur benedictio et postea cogatur reddere per censuram ecclesiasticam non in occasione scripture quam non petit laicus sicut fit Brasle: qui sicut non debet manum vendere ita nec calamum vt et c. s. et. q. j. sicut episcopum. secus est forte si nubentes velint habere scripturam et ipsam petant a tabellione laico vel etiam clerico qui de suo non tenetur facere beneficium. et. q. et precarie.",[1781,2513,2515],{"id":2514},"quid-si-presbyter-noluit-baptizare","Quid si presbyter noluit baptizare",[11,2517,2518],{},"Quid si presbyter noluit baptizare puerum nisi primo soluto cereo vel vno denario super hoc consuetudine allegans. sicut fit vapinci: super hoc correxi presbyteros: quia gratis baptizare debet et postea cogere patrinum vt soluat id quod pia consuetudo laudabilis introduxit. j. eo. ad apostolicam. ita hec decre. est quasi centrum istius tituli. et in hunc modum infinitas questiones soluit.",[1781,2520,2522],{"id":2521},"queritur-de-encenniis","Queritur de encenniis",[11,2524,2525],{},"Queritur de encenniis vtrum simoniam inducat: et videtur quod non dum tamen non paucitas numerus ad quantitatem. ff. de of. proco. solet § non ante. et. §. fi. licite enim recipit esculentum et poculentum quod infra triduum presumi potest. ff. de off. presi. plebiscito. tamen et hii prophete offerebant stipem magis existimabatur tabernaculique munera prophete .iiij. q. iiij. ludices secundum Gof dic vt no. j. co. ver. sed mun. et. s. de censi. §. fi. ver. hodie vero.",[1781,2527,2529],{"id":2528},"et-nunquid-pro-modico-simonia-committitur","Et nunquid pro modico simonia committitur",[11,2531,2532],{},"Et nunquid pro modico simonia committitur sic. nam. xxx. solidi ipsam inducent. j. c. venies. et vide",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2534},[2535,2536,2537,2538,2539,2540,2541],{"id":2486,"depth":48,"text":2487},{"id":2493,"depth":48,"text":2494},{"id":2500,"depth":48,"text":2501},{"id":2507,"depth":48,"text":2508},{"id":2514,"depth":48,"text":2515},{"id":2521,"depth":48,"text":2522},{"id":2528,"depth":48,"text":2529},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb",{"description":2483},1096.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb","TEl6HY8qViOp_p5qz2jixiUwZ80czsS_Lgb_5Sr9L1M",{"id":2549,"title":2550,"body":2551,"description":2555,"extension":52,"meta":2636,"navigation":56,"page":2550,"path":2637,"pdf_page":2638,"reading":53,"seo":2639,"sortable_pagination_id":2640,"stem":2641,"__hash__":2642},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra.md","536ra",{"type":8,"value":2552,"toc":2630},[2553,2556,2560,2573,2577,2593,2597,2604,2608],[11,2554,2555],{},"sic. ex tuc. z dnq oboli. s.q.s. iudices. al's incipit duces z tremissis. s.q.s. placuit vt nullus. Sortis. 6 z aut tremissis tertia pars solidi: inde dictus qz tremissis solidu constituit. scdm Isido. de hoc tremisse legitur. C. de veste mili. l. fortissimus li. x.",[1781,2557,2559],{"id":2558},"item-simoniacus-comparatur-furi","Item simoniacus comparatur furi",[11,2561,2562,2563,2565,2566,2568,2569,2572],{},"s.q.s. ordinationes, et in furto no distinguitur quantitas. xiiii.q.vi.c.fi. Item comparatur simonia crimini vsurariu, qz vtrusque sola voluntate comittitur: vt not. s.co.6.qd sit, z in vsura non distinguit, imo p cupellavini vel p posmo comittit, nam quicquid sorti accedit vsura est. xiiii.q.iiii pleriqz. Dic q",[1904,2564,1928],{}," quotiescumqz ex pacto detur simonia est. z necessaria est renuciatio. sz tunccumqz sine pacto fuerit corrupta intentio sufficit per pniam suo satisfacere creatori. j.c.si. vbi q",[1904,2567,1928],{}," non costat de mete corrupta cosiderantur circustantie: de quibus habes j.co. z li q",[1904,2570,2571],{},"uesti","ones fm Goffre. dic vt no. s.e.s. quid sit. s.quat'r.ver.sed munus. z seq.",[1781,2574,2576],{"id":2575},"item-queritur","Item queritur",[11,2578,2579,2580,2582,2583,2586,2587,2589,2590,2592],{},"vtru comittat simonia si aliqd detur p calice vel vestibus vel linteaminibus bndicendis z dicunt quida q",[1904,2581,1928],{}," no nisi hoc inueniat expressum. vt est videre in chrismate: baptismo: coione: eucharistia: balsamo: sepultura: basilicis dedicadis. s.q.s. dictum. z c. placuit. nullus. z c. placuit. vt vnusquisqz. j.e. cu i ecclesie. z B",[1904,2584,2585],{},"ernardus"," idem scripsit frater Ray. Sz Gof. no. q",[1904,2588,1928],{}," in qualibet misterio ecclesiastico simonia comitti pot. j.c.ad nostram. q",[1904,2591,1928],{}," verius puto.",[1781,2594,2596],{"id":2595},"sz-nunquid","Sz nunquid",[11,2598,2599,2600,2603],{},"is q simoniace bnficium acqisiuit: tenetur ad oes fructus quos percepit z q",[1904,2601,2602],{},"uos"," percipi potuerunt. sic est cm fur z latro. s.q.s. ordinationes. et ideo sicut fur semp est in mora: et ad damna tenet. C.qd me.causa.l.s. C.de condi. fur.l.s. C.de fur.subtracto: z ad oes fructus z vt violentus. s.de resti.spo.grauis. generaliter enim sine titulo possidens tenetur ad oia damna z lucra percepta z percipieda. ff.de rei ven.si nauis.S.generaliter. Idem est si habeat titulu: sed tale qui pro no titulo sit habendus. C. de agri. et censi. queadmodum. ff. quod met.causa. sed et partus.",[1781,2605,2607],{"id":2606},"lingua-caro-zc","Lingua caro zc",[11,2609,2610,2611,2613,2614,2616,2617,2619,2620,2622,2623,2626,2627,2629],{},"i. preces carnales que timetur vel q",[1904,2612,2020],{},"b",[1904,2615,2049],{}," fauet simoniam inducit: his th si em promouet q",[1904,2618,2020],{},"s suis precibus ad prelaturam: maxime que per electionem confertur committitur simo. z in hoc casu intelligo q",[1904,2621,1928],{}," nullus debet sibi assumere honorem sed qui vocatur a deo tan aaron. vt. s.de ele.quat'r. viii.q.j. in scripturis. j.q.vj. sicut is. z.q.j. ordinationes.c.c. nullus itaqz. nam honoris augmenta non ambitione sed labore ad vnuquemqz couenit peruenire. vt. C. de re mili. publica lib. xii. q",[1904,2624,2625],{},"uan","tu",[1904,2628,1914],{},"cumqz dignus sit vt. s. de insti.c. vlti. z de iure pa, per nostras. et de elec. per inquisitionem. pro simplici autem beneficio potest pro seipso preces offerre dumtamen dignus sit.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2631},[2632,2633,2634,2635],{"id":2558,"depth":48,"text":2559},{"id":2575,"depth":48,"text":2576},{"id":2595,"depth":48,"text":2596},{"id":2606,"depth":48,"text":2607},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra",1097,{"description":2555},1097.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra","N3_ZNelaA3d9loGi6cjlj3ZHEgZGdUHQnACcofbh7wk",{"id":2644,"title":2645,"body":2646,"description":2650,"extension":52,"meta":2710,"navigation":56,"page":2645,"path":2711,"pdf_page":2638,"reading":53,"seo":2712,"sortable_pagination_id":2713,"stem":2714,"__hash__":2715},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb.md","536rb",{"type":8,"value":2647,"toc":2704},[2648,2651,2655,2674,2678,2685,2689,2695,2699],[11,2649,2650],{},"vt.j.co.tua nos. §.j. In princ. et de cle. excom. mini. proposuit.",[1781,2652,2654],{"id":2653},"si-autem-alienis-precibus","Si autem alienis precibus",[11,2656,2657,2658,2660,2661,2663,2664,2666,2667,2669,2670,2673],{},"quis promoueatur et spiritualibus non inducit simoniam. ar. xliij. dist. principali. j.q.j. latore. nisi consanguinitas ipsos pertrahat. s.q.s. de ordinationibus. argu. s. de preben. graue. et vt bene.ecc.vt nostra. quia iniustus amor cordis simoniam inducit. j.q.j. si quis neque sanctis. et c. sunt nonnulli. vbi dicit q",[1904,2659,1928],{}," succedunt loco precii. T. et H. naturali. quia nullo dato etc. non amittit simo. j.q.j. impio. q",[1904,2662,1928],{}," intelligo quando consanguineus indignus est. al",[1904,2665,2108],{},"s prelatus fortius tenetur ei q",[1904,2668,2265],{}," extraneo prouidere. argu. s. de coha. cleri. et mu. c.j. sanguinem igitur tuum. s. dignum et legitimum ne despicias. j.q.j. filium. et c. quibusdam. ad fi. prelati vero nostri tpis hoc nimis amplectentes preter suum sanguinem hodie quasi nihil reputant fore dignum. inde Ber",[1904,2671,2672],{},"nardus"," mira res habent episcopi cui comittant animas: cui autem res tpales comittat non inueniunt: nam eps alicui nepotulo suo de facili comittit multa milia aiarum cui non comitteret duo pira.",[1781,2675,2677],{"id":2676},"sed-et-si-quis-pro-me","Sed et si quis pro me",[11,2679,2680,2681,2684],{},"preces vel pecuniam offerat vel promittat: cum expressim ",[1904,2682,2683],{},"con","dixerim non obest mihi vt.j.e. sicut nobis. §. pe. et de homicidio. pe. trua. secus si me sciente et patiente: tunc enim dicor interponere voluntatem meam turbatam: et ideo quantumcumque occulte sit renunciare debeo si animam saluare volo. memor illius verbi nihil prodest homini si vniuersum mundum lucretur aie sue detrimentum patiatur. vt.j.c. mattheus.",[1781,2686,2688],{"id":2687},"si-vero-hoc-fit-me-penitus-ignorante","Si vero hoc fit me penitus ignorante",[11,2690,2691,2692,2694],{},"et ab inimico volente promotionem meam de qua sperat impedire non amittit simonia quo ad me ne ex dolo suo reportet q",[1904,2693,1928],{}," intendit: vt.j.co. sicut nobis. §. pe. et c. nobis fuit. rh.j.",[1781,2696,2698],{"id":2697},"quod-si-amicus-meus-pecuniam-dedit","Quod si amicus meus pecuniam dedit",[11,2700,2701,2702],{},"simoniace promoueor sz non sum simoniacus: teneor th renunciare: vt j.c. de simoniace. et c. o regularib",[1904,2703,2049],{},{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2705},[2706,2707,2708,2709],{"id":2653,"depth":48,"text":2654},{"id":2676,"depth":48,"text":2677},{"id":2687,"depth":48,"text":2688},{"id":2697,"depth":48,"text":2698},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb",{"description":2650},1097.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb","G3npCetrweJ-gPnfFPWFIuHGLh0HDwbiYbybx5WJS4o",{"id":2717,"title":2718,"body":2719,"description":2723,"extension":52,"meta":2766,"navigation":56,"page":2718,"path":2767,"pdf_page":2768,"reading":53,"seo":2769,"sortable_pagination_id":2770,"stem":2771,"__hash__":2772},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va.md","536va",{"type":8,"value":2720,"toc":2759},[2721,2724,2728,2731,2735,2738,2742,2745,2749,2752,2756],[11,2722,2723],{},"edicā plenius. j. e. §. qua pena.",[1781,2725,2727],{"id":2726},"sed-si-pces-offerantur-et-propter-platura-iniuste-sunt-pces","Sed si pces offerantur et propter platura iniuste sunt pces",[11,2729,2730],{},"Sed si pces offerantur et propter platura iniuste sunt pces : maxime qn est laicus cuius vultus timeri pot : vt. s. de ele. ostis. et. c. quisqs. et de iure pat. ppterea. xvj. q. vij. si qs deinceps. nisi forte prelatus non habito respectu ad pces ex suo dutaxat officio eu instituat necessitate vt vtilitate exigete ecclie vt. s. de eta. et qua. tua.",[1781,2732,2734],{"id":2733},"ubi-aut-pro-simplici-bnficio-et-is-p-quo-offeruntur-indignus-est","Ubi aut pro simplici bnficio et is p quo offeruntur indignus est",[11,2736,2737],{},"Ubi aut pro simplici bnficio et is p quo offeruntur indignus est : simonia committit f. q. i. de ordinationibus. et. c. sunt nonulli.",[1781,2739,2741],{"id":2740},"sed-si-dignus-est-et-pces-principaliter-no-sequant","Sed si dignus est et pces principaliter no sequant",[11,2743,2744],{},"Sed si dignus est et pces principaliter no sequant : non est simonia. j. q. i. quibusda. ar. ad hoc. s. de eta. et qua. tuaz.",[1781,2746,2748],{"id":2747},"sicut-aut-ius-spuale-rediti-no-potest-ita-nec-redimi","Sicut aut ius spuale rediti no potest ita nec redimi",[11,2750,2751],{},"Sicut aut ius spuale rediti no potest ita nec redimi. vt. j. c. querela. nec pro pecunia resignari. j. q. i. nullus eps. ij. nā in his oibus transactio omnis pactio reprobatur. vt. s. dixi et probat. ff. de pac. cum pride. et de transactionib super eo. xvj. q. vij.",[1781,2753,2755],{"id":2754},"sz-nundd-lz-mihi-redimere-iniuriā-meā-sine-metu-huius-criminis","Sz nundd lz mihi redimere iniuriā meā sine metu huius criminis",[11,2757,2758],{},"Sz nundd lz mihi redimere iniuriā meā sine metu huius criminis : puta eps iniuste excoicat me vel infert minas super bnficio auferendo : qd intuste possideo. do ei pecuniam vt sententiam iniustam reuocet. vel ab iniuria hac desistat et quide ego licite redimo ius meum lz ipse illicite recipiat. ar. j. q. iij. quesitum. j. de magistris phibeas. et de vsur. c. f. redimamus q tps sm aplm : quoniam dies mali sunt. ar. j. c. ad aures. et. c. dilectus. et. j. et. C. mandati p diuersas. et. ff. de bonis coruz q ante Iniam mor. sibi cosci. l. f. nec obstat. j. co. querela. vbi videtur vtrunce prohiberi. f. emi et redimi. qz ibi exponit redimi. i. p pecunia assignari. Ide nec obst. j. eod. nemo. qz ibi non redimitur vexatio : sed emit absolutio sm Sof. vel aliter vt sequitur. sed si iuste excoicat sit qs vel iuste acqsiuit bnficiu : hic inde committitur simonia. argu. j. eodem. f. qd f. nullus epo. ij. et. §. preced. ergo redemptio rei spiritualis permittitur ve-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2760},[2761,2762,2763,2764,2765],{"id":2726,"depth":48,"text":2727},{"id":2733,"depth":48,"text":2734},{"id":2740,"depth":48,"text":2741},{"id":2747,"depth":48,"text":2748},{"id":2754,"depth":48,"text":2755},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va",1098,{"description":2723},1098.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va","h5DYQTMESacFWi4yg9Cz7KCesh2qP0MUjJz7LCYRapA",{"id":2774,"title":2775,"body":2776,"description":2780,"extension":52,"meta":2847,"navigation":56,"page":2775,"path":2848,"pdf_page":2768,"reading":53,"seo":2849,"sortable_pagination_id":2850,"stem":2851,"__hash__":2852},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb.md","536vb",{"type":8,"value":2777,"toc":2837},[2778,2781,2785,2788,2792,2795,2799,2802,2806,2809,2813,2816,2820,2823,2827,2830,2834],[11,2779,2780],{},"rato iniuste et redimenti. Sed prohibetur recipienti et pro vexationis cessatione recipienti.",[1781,2782,2784],{"id":2783},"quid-si-iudex-non-vult-excoicatum-absoluere","Quid si iudex non vult excoicatum absoluere",[11,2786,2787],{},"Quid si iudex non vult excoicatum absoluere : nisi prius soluat certam pecunie qntitatem? Dic vt not. j. de excel. plā. j. ver. quid si petit rone pluetudinis et precedenti.",[1781,2789,2791],{"id":2790},"licet-igif-epo-redimere-decimas-de-manu-laicop","Licet igif epo redimere decimas de manu laicop",[11,2793,2794],{},"Licet igif epo redimere decimas de manu laicop. j. de vsuris. c. f. qd intelligas si redimat a milite : secus si emerat a vicinis et alias volunt ipsas soluere hi qui ad hoc tenentur : sic no. Joa. f. q. iij. puenit. sed cōtra expressum. xvj. q. vij. decias. f. q. iij. altare. Unde fuerunt q dixerunt q illud intelligitur qn ne autoritate superioris redimit. Sed autoritate suprioris lz. ar. s. de prbn. nisi essent. et. c. in lateranesi. et de his que fiunt a pla. cū aplica. et de re. pmu. c. f. et de trasac. statuim. et. c. decetero. et. c. veniens. ff. de his q no. infe. furti § qui iussu.",[1781,2796,2798],{"id":2797},"alij-dicunt-quod-ideo-phibetur-epis-a-laicis-decimas-redimere","Alij dicunt quod ideo phibetur epis a laicis decimas redimere",[11,2800,2801],{},"Alij dicunt quod ideo phibetur epis a laicis decimas redimere ne laicus accipiāt exempplum et credāt se ius hare : sed tn non hnt : vt. s. de prscri. cū cām.",[1781,2803,2805],{"id":2804},"illud-vf-verius-q-autoritate-superioris-hoc-fieri-possit","Illud vf verius q autoritate superioris hoc fieri possit",[11,2807,2808],{},"Illud vf verius q autoritate superioris hoc fieri possit vt et cā mali erepli vitet : qz dicet eo qd a deo detinet eas q aiam suā cū spuales sint : qz etiā redimi non pnt nisi supior interponendo autoritatē simoniā purget. q alias ista occasione comitteret. pterea qz inducendus est laicus per superiore vt proprie paroche restituat et bnficicetur q si inde valt pecunia recipere simoniā comittet. etiam adeo quod superioris autoritate ex parte sua eā non poterat purgare. et iuge q no. s. de deci. § si. sub § ij.",[1781,2810,2812],{"id":2811},"quid-si-faciā-pactū-pntatori","Quid si faciā pactū pntatori",[11,2814,2815],{},"Quid si faciā pactū pntatori : q non inquietabo ipm sup titulo obtinēdo. p cul dubio simoniacū est : vt. s. c. p tuas. ij. de hoc. ie. f. § qua pana. sub § p iudicem. ver. sz et eps.",[1781,2817,2819],{"id":2818},"item-pro-bnficio-acqrendo-data-pecunia-vel-promissio-facta","Item pro bnficio acqrendo data pecunia vel promissio facta",[11,2821,2822],{},"Item pro bnficio acqrendo data pecunia vel promissio facta siue sit bnficiū seculare. t. secularis ecclesie siue religiosum simoniam inducit : etiam si data sit a parentibus promoto ignorante : vt. j. c. ex insinuatione. et de regularib. c. sicut nobis. § pe. et. c. nobis. et. c. tua nos. qd dic vt not. s. §. j. versi. mihi autē.",[1781,2824,2826],{"id":2825},"sed-et-notandum-est","Sed et notandum est",[11,2828,2829],{},"Sed et notandum est : qd sicut simoniacus est mediante pecunia vel pacto rem spiritualem acquirit : sic et resignari. j. co. querelam. s. de testi. veniens. nam dare intelligitur quicquid sibi debetur remitti. viij. q. iij. talia. ff. de cal. quin etiam. et. ff. de cdi. cā da. silr. lz sit ar. contra. ff. qui. mo. pt. vel. hipo. fol. l. f. § cū debitor. C. ad velleia. etiā. ff. de his que in frau. credi. si pignus.",[1781,2831,2833],{"id":2832},"et-eodem-modo-simoniacum-est-pecunia-peccatorem-reconciliare","Et eodem modo simoniacum est pecunia peccatorem reconciliare",[11,2835,2836],{},"Et eodem modo simoniacum est pecunia peccatorem reconciliare vel non recociliare. j. eodem. nemo. et. c. ad aures. nec mireris si duo contraria in idem reciduut. nam et alias hoc contingit : vt si precium recipiatur",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2838},[2839,2840,2841,2842,2843,2844,2845,2846],{"id":2783,"depth":48,"text":2784},{"id":2790,"depth":48,"text":2791},{"id":2797,"depth":48,"text":2798},{"id":2804,"depth":48,"text":2805},{"id":2811,"depth":48,"text":2812},{"id":2818,"depth":48,"text":2819},{"id":2825,"depth":48,"text":2826},{"id":2832,"depth":48,"text":2833},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb",{"description":2780},1098.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb","wAeQ-2Z83Mzz7V9khRlghRbBGTq_UvxrTnc6G8XKVDM",{"id":2854,"title":2855,"body":2856,"description":2860,"extension":52,"meta":2880,"navigation":56,"page":2855,"path":2881,"pdf_page":2882,"reading":53,"seo":2883,"sortable_pagination_id":2884,"stem":2885,"__hash__":2886},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra.md","537ra",{"type":8,"value":2857,"toc":2877},[2858,2861,2864,2867,2871,2874],[11,2859,2860],{},"recipiatur ad accusandum vel testificandum vel non eligendum : vel non denunciandum. hec em oīa ea.l.puniuntur. ij. q. j. prohibent : et accedit. j. q. j. § qui aut pecunia. Sed ob. c. j. qoe. j. Sunt quidam qui violentia vel fauore non permittunt ecclesias ordinari hos decernimus vt sacrilegos iudicandos. Sed dic vt sacrilegos subaudi. et nihilominus vt simoniacos sm Hoffr. et oēs coiter qd intelligo qn ex pacto violentia infertur, alias non puto hoc subaudiendum.",[11,2862,2863],{},"¶ † Sed nec ois pactio simoniam inducit. et ideo penam non meretur. nam et post pot dari : vt in ea oratorium construatur. s. de resti. spolia. olim. j. et sub certo pacto pot dari licentia ipm oratorium construendi. xviij. q. j. cleutherius. s. de reli. do. constitutus. s. de censi. quanto. arg. j. e. ex insinuatione. talia em pacta spualia reputantur : sicut et illud. s. de preben. significatum. sicut. s. de seruis non ordi. nullus. s. de ele. significasti. x. q. j. c. j. et in traditione rei sue pot quilibet qd plz pactum apponere. ff. de pac. in traditionibus. s. de condi. appo. verūtñ.",[11,2865,2866],{},"¶ Sed nunquid an promotionem pot cautio exigi vitio simonie non : sed postea pot. viij. q. iij. talia. j. q. ij. cum pio : dummodo pactum non precessit : alias et. viij. q. iij. artaldus. postea etiam prestatur cautio que ex antiqua consuetudine comprobatur. lxiij. di. qr sancta. excipe superiorem qui et an confirmationem et post cautionem debitam pot exigere. s. de elect. significasti. xxiij. dist. quacū. xxviij. dist. de circuscusane. s. de iureiu. c. d. adoptatum. nam et auctoritas superioris plerunque tollit. s. de pac. cum pridem. s. de transac. statuimus. s. de preben. nisi essent. ff. de his qui no infa. furti. § qui iussu. non tamen an electionem siue promotionem, vt arg. supra de ele. offic.",[1781,2868,2870],{"id":2869},"qui-ad-accusationem-simoniaci-admittatur","Qui ad accusationem simoniaci admittatur",[11,2872,2873],{},"Qui ad accusationem simoniaci admittatur. Et quidem sm Da. omnes persone etiam irregulares. j. co. tanta. § si clericus sit male fame cum em accusatio simonie ad instar accusationis lese maiestatis procedat. vt. xv. q. iij. sane. C. de episc. ecle. l. f. et in crimi. lese maiest. criminosi clericos non admittantur. f. si sint bone fame. vt. j. q. j. in primis. ergo nec in crimine simonie. est tn certum q cum accusator non probat sed testis : multi admittitur ad accusandum qui a testimonio repellatur. et sic est inter accusatores et testes subtiliter distinguendum : vt. j. co. ts beli. s. pe. ad fi. ergo quilibet est admittendus. arg. j. f. dis. et. ca. sicut simoniaca. Sed de hoc dictum ple. not. s. de accus. § quis accusare. et versic. seq. et maxime p Ber. vero.",[11,2875,2876],{},"Ad testimonium aut non videntur admittendi criminosi clerici. regulares aut admittuntur : sed sint infamati illi regulares et sint testes emendati de",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2878},[2879],{"id":2869,"depth":48,"text":2870},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra",1099,{"description":2860},1099.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra","P092jX2ohOzN8vvQjyB7BegGGf-FRRGIDeQt6Ee5yjY",{"id":2888,"title":2889,"body":2890,"description":2894,"extension":52,"meta":2909,"navigation":56,"page":2889,"path":2910,"pdf_page":2882,"reading":53,"seo":2911,"sortable_pagination_id":2912,"stem":2913,"__hash__":2914},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb.md","537rb",{"type":8,"value":2891,"toc":2907},[2892,2895,2898,2901,2904],[11,2893,2894],{},"crimine : agatur ciuiliter ad remotione ab administratione : vbi testibus opponatur inimicitie capitales vel conspirationes. j. co. p tuas. sm Da. Ego dico q testes et criminosi sint maxime emendati de crimine : et q aliis adminiculis fulciantur qd credo necessarium qn sint criminosi si non emendati : alias maxime non participes in scelere et sine munere zelo iustitie testificantes quibus minora crimina opponuntur : vt. j. co. per tuas. rh. j. f. preterea. seq. a ver. ceteras. admittitur regularis inferioris gradus grauiter infamatus et sine scandalo de facili remoueri pot : vt. j. co. p tuas. rh. f. ver. Item verum et seq. et ver. ille quidem qn agitur ciuiliter. et sub temperantia equitatis non vt deponatur ab ordine sed vt remoueatur ab administratione : vt. j. co. per tuas. and. ver. vtrum is. ideo tales et talem taliter merito admittuntur : qd ex leuioribus causis remouentur : sicut quorundam religiosorum approbata consuetudo deposcit vt j. co. p tuas. § fi. et. s. de appella. qr nos. et. s. de accusa. quaitr. in fi. ideo de plano dz precedere inquisitio regularium sine strepitu : qi seruos dei his subtilitatibus non decet inuolui. Verumtñ est si crimina talia apponant illas exceptiones sibi seruare et testes itaque nullus criminosus et eos admittatur etiamsi adminiculis fulciatur. vt. s. de accu. olim. j. ij. et p. s. de sta. mo. c. monachi. § priores. Et adeo dico seruandam diligenter predictam distinctionem et si vnum membrum deficiat testem repello : sic criminosos sine adminiculis et in crimine simonie etiam et regulares inferioris gradus non admitto.",[11,2896,2897],{},"¶ Illos et quidem zelo iustitie sed malignitatis fomite testificantur : repello vt inimicos capitales conspiratores : vt. j. c. per tuas. § nos vero.",[11,2899,2900],{},"¶ Item ipredictos repello si agatur ad depositione gradus : vel etsi denuncietur crimen per aliquem ad hoc vt deremoueat ab administratione : qe tunc sm iuris rigorem procedi dz : vt no. de denuncia. sub titu. de accusationibus.",[11,2902,2903],{},"¶ Item nec ipsos admitto si secularis accuset vel regularis superioris gradus. puta eps vel inferioris bone opinionis vel qui non pot sine scandalo remoueri. Alij dicunt q hec decretalis corrigitur p Bing. de testi. testimonium. Sed dico illa intelligenda sm predicta distinc. etenim absurdum reputo existimare q dns Inno. hanc decre. ita equissimam et sic rationabilem multis vigiliis do. Inno. p̄ris iuris adinuentam vno verbo subuertere voluisset : vt no. s. de cle. ecclesia. ij. § denique.",[11,2905,2906],{},"¶ Item participes non admittuntur. s. de tes. veniens et. c. personas. C. de testi. qm. iij. q. iiij. ca. j. ij. et iij. ij. q. vij. testes. sed contra. s. de test. extra mediatores. sed ibi loquitur de mediatore q admittitur. in illa vero veniens, de illo qui socius est qui repellitur. Alij dicunt q illa veniens",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2908},[],{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb",{"description":2894},1099.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb","x8cSk5MGX0NxwssbRT1x_sH7JLIFb9Vv-NM2Y7yziEs",{"id":2916,"title":2917,"body":2918,"description":2922,"extension":52,"meta":2957,"navigation":56,"page":2917,"path":2958,"pdf_page":2959,"reading":53,"seo":2960,"sortable_pagination_id":2961,"stem":2962,"__hash__":2963},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va.md","537va",{"type":8,"value":2919,"toc":2951},[2920,2923,2927,2930,2934,2937,2941,2944,2948],[11,2921,2922],{},"loquitur de participe sceleris et muneris vt tetigi.s.eo.ver.ego sz extra de participe sceler3 tm. Sed certe adhuc vsq3 quo etiaz particeps criminis admittat: vt.lxxix.dis.si quis papa.c.xv.q.iij.nemini. vn dicunt qdaz quod ad accusatione admittit: vt ibi sed ad testimoniu vt in illa veniens. Alij vt.T.dicunt quod criminosi no admittutur et in exceptis nisi accusatus an fuerit male opinionis, vt.ij.q.j. I primis.j.eod per tuas. et vide sup hoc quod not.s.de testi.6.qa possit esse testis.ver.Item in ca.cois criminis. mediatores aut simonie simoniaci sunt.j.q.j. siquis eps. et nota infamie percellunt j.q.iij.ca.fi.",[1781,2924,2926],{"id":2925},"sed-quo-repelli-pot-particeps-criminis","Sed quo repelli pot particeps criminis",[11,2928,2929],{},"nam si dicat no potes 5 me testificari: q3 fuisti meus socius in eodem crimine. sic codenabitur vt confessus: q3 tanq3 fatuus 5 se cofitetur. vt.s.de donat.inter dilectos: et de cofes.c.j.et.ij.et.ij.q.j.ca.j.",[1781,2931,2933],{"id":2932},"si-dicat-non-feci-quod-mihi-imponit","Si dicat non feci quod mihi imponit",[11,2935,2936],{},"et si fecissem tu no potes esse testis tanq3 eode vitio laborans sic mentitur. et lex non docet mentiri xxiij.q.iij. q peccat. docet tn socium cris repellere. vt.C.de libe. ca.si filiuz sed ibi manifestum est ipm esse participe: q3 dicebatur quod pr filium susi vendiderat gno suo: vn vtriq3 deest accusator: quia nullus tam proximus coiuctus poterit ignorantia allegare vn iudex pot ipm repellere ex offo cum notoriu sit.vt ar.s.de excepti.exceptiones.",[1781,2938,2940],{"id":2939},"scom-t","Scom T",[11,2942,2943],{},"sic pot proponere Ego excipio 5 te q3 dico te illud crimen comisisse: sup quo vis accusare me vel in quo vis testificari vn dico te non fore audiendum et q vera sit exceptio offero me probaturu. Si vero iudex talez exceptionem non admittat: iste appellabitur. vt supra de appella. interposita.",[1781,2945,2947],{"id":2946},"qua-pena-feriat","Qua pena feriat",[11,2949,2950],{},"De hac materia sic not. Goffr. quod simoniacus in ordine oponedus est: qualitercunq3 de hoc",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":2952},[2953,2954,2955,2956],{"id":2925,"depth":48,"text":2926},{"id":2932,"depth":48,"text":2933},{"id":2939,"depth":48,"text":2940},{"id":2946,"depth":48,"text":2947},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va",1100,{"description":2922},1100.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va","_-u5Sq73MVkykWsUatJZROwrKc9L-cUW6tGD7leENq8",{"id":2965,"title":2966,"body":2967,"description":2971,"extension":52,"meta":3030,"navigation":56,"page":2966,"path":3031,"pdf_page":2959,"reading":53,"seo":3032,"sortable_pagination_id":3033,"stem":3034,"__hash__":3035},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb.md","537vb",{"type":8,"value":2968,"toc":3021},[2969,2972,2976,2979,2983,2986,2990,2993,2997,3000,3004,3007,3011,3014,3018],[11,2970,2971],{},"constiterit siue per modum accusationis siue inquisitionis siue denuciationis.s.de accu.super his.et.c.inquisitionis.not.s.de accu.sub rubrica de inquisitionibus quis sit effectus.ver.qua inquisitio.",[1781,2973,2975],{"id":2974},"simoniacus-aut-in-bnficio-vel-dignitate-constitut3-p-accusatione","Simoniacus aut in bnficio vel dignitate constitut3 p accusatione",[11,2977,2978],{},"deponitur: p inquisitione amouet. supra de ele.per inquisitionez et ide p denunciatione cum illa retenta. no posset agi vera pnia: illo vel.xij.dist.nerui.",[1781,2980,2982],{"id":2981},"simoniacus-et-i-dignitate-suspensus-est-ipso-iure","Simoniacus et i dignitate suspensus est ipso iure",[11,2984,2985],{},"decipit alios cum administrando nihil agat. arg.s.de elec.dudum. idem in bnficio cura alarum hnte qr de his idem iudiciu hndum est: vt in prima decre.s.pen.arg.s.de filijs pby.c.j.",[1781,2987,2989],{"id":2988},"in-simplici-vero-bnficio-aut-occultuz","In simplici vero bnficio aut occultuz",[11,2991,2992],{},"sic suspensus est quoad seipm: sicut et quilibet. in mortali constitut3.aut notorii et sic suspensus est quo ad se et ad alios.arg.s.de cohabi.cle.et mu.c.fi.",[1781,2994,2996],{"id":2995},"si-vero-simonia-comittat-circa-monachu","Si vero simonia comittat circa monachu",[11,2998,2999],{},"recepti: si b p modum accusationis conuicti tam recipientes q3 recepti deponuntur. sed si de hoc p inquisitionem constitit: recepti amouentur: in arctioribus monasterijs collocantur ad pniam peragenda recipientibus aut iniungitur pnia: donec ipsam pegerunt ab executione sacrora ordinaz suspenduntur.j.eo.cum dilectus filius.A.",[1781,3001,3003],{"id":3002},"sed-qre-no-remouentur-priores-vel-abbates-recipietes","Sed qre no remouentur priores vel abbates recipietes",[11,3005,3006],{},"et p modum inquisitionis couicti: cum hec sit pena simoniacozu ordinaria: vt no.s.e.ver.de hac materia.seq. Rndeo illud locum hz in simonia comissa circa dignitate hntem administrationem: secus si comittat in bnficijs cferendis vel monachis recipiendis in q cafu loquit illa decre.dilect3 vt ibi multitudo. erat in ca.s.de tepo.ord.c.j. vel no erat vtile monasterijs veteres tam amouere platos.j.de renun.c.fi. Hoff. de hoc dic vt no.s.e.6.sub.q p iudice verf.sed q est ro.",[1781,3008,3010],{"id":3009},"tu-vero-si-placet-de-pena-simoniacozu-sic-notabis","Tu vero si placet de pena simoniacozu sic notabis",[11,3012,3013],{},"q3 simoniaci diuersa pena patiuntur: nam simoniaci penam patiuntur ipso facto. Item puniuntur per iudice aliquando ad tempus: aliqn in ppetuu.",[1781,3015,3017],{"id":3016},"ipso-facto-pena-patiantur-simoniaci","Ipso facto pena patiantur simoniaci",[11,3019,3020],{},"qr si quis simoniace fuerit ordinatus intus eum occidit vt.s.q.j.qbusdam s.e.accusatu.r.c.quoties. et q3 caractere furti et ita ipso iure suspensus est: io de quoq3 quis ois peter: subau. no pcisas ab eccl. p sntam iudicis vel canonis: sic tollit obiectio de excoicatis et suspensis q excluditur a participatione sacroz.iij.q.lij.engeltrudaz.s.de excep.a nobis.j.de cler.exc. si celebrat toleratus et penites. et sic no ob.qd obijci csueuit de costituto in mortali: q3 suspensus est q ad se vt sequit: qd locu hz I enormibus et occultis: et no in mediocribus notorijs.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3022},[3023,3024,3025,3026,3027,3028,3029],{"id":2974,"depth":48,"text":2975},{"id":2981,"depth":48,"text":2982},{"id":2988,"depth":48,"text":2989},{"id":2995,"depth":48,"text":2996},{"id":3002,"depth":48,"text":3003},{"id":3009,"depth":48,"text":3010},{"id":3016,"depth":48,"text":3017},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb",{"description":2971},1100.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb","-lispgz5oY6Fl10Ty3uWzZAZV_pM_LeB0CI5A6Od0-0",{"id":3037,"title":3038,"body":3039,"description":3043,"extension":52,"meta":3086,"navigation":56,"page":3038,"path":3087,"pdf_page":3088,"reading":53,"seo":3089,"sortable_pagination_id":3090,"stem":3091,"__hash__":3092},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra.md","538ra",{"type":8,"value":3040,"toc":3079},[3041,3044,3048,3051,3055,3058,3062,3065,3069,3072,3076],[11,3042,3043],{},"nam hoc etiam post peractam pn̄iam executionem ordinis detinet impedita. §. de renū. nisi cum pridem. l. di. de his. s. de tempo. ordi. c. fi. aut a talis pctor. s. non precisus toleratus a penitens celebrare possit, tn̄ simoniacus non potest: vt. j. c. tata. s3. 2. j. eo. tue. dicit Ja. ibi loquitur de occulto. sed Petr. tata intelligit de notorio. ille em suspensus est. j. q. j. reperiatur. xxxij. q. ij. §. veru.",[1781,3045,3047],{"id":3046},"et-hoc-intelligas-q̄-ad-alios-sm","Et hoc intelligas q̄ ad alios sm",[11,3049,3050],{},"T. nam q̄ ad se est ipse suspensus q̄tūcunq3 occultus sit sicut quilibet pctor. §. de coha. cle. et mu. c. vl. j. q. j. si sacerdotes. vel dic q̄ si est simoniacus in ordine et occultus suspēsus est, q̄ ad oēs: q̄ no h3 charactere : intelliges {quo ad executione} j. q. j. c. j. q̄ sic loquitur. c. tata.",[1781,3052,3054],{"id":3053},"et-eccle","Et eccle",[11,3056,3057],{},"j. eo. ex tue. dicit q̄ pot phibere ab executione: subaudi facti. q. d. de facto pot exequi cu crimine sit occultū tu scias hoc tans sacerdos qre no potes eum phibere vt. s. de tep. ordi. c. ptra nulla. z de offi. ordi. si sacerdos. tn̄ intellige s.m S.na. in illo q̄ simoniace recepit bificium qo certū ordinem reqrebat p̄ut legitur. s. de eta. q quali. cj. z in homicide: vt. j. de accu. inquisitionis. de tep. ordi. q̄litum. sed ille qui dat ordinem non est suspēsus nisi quo ad se tn̄: nec simoniacus in religioe vt. §. eo. veniens. z. c. dilectus filius.",[1781,3059,3061],{"id":3060},"vn̄-ille-q̄-cōfert-ordinem","Vn̄ ille q̄ cōfert ordinem",[11,3063,3064],{},"cum non sit suspensus: sed alios ipso iure executione dat. Sed ille qui simoniace recepit non posset eam dare: q̄a non h3. s. q. v. Daibertū. z io non pot celebrare. j. qo. j. sicut eunuchi. z ca. quibusdā narrātibus. Alij aut hoc dn̄t de p̄tate officii\u002F non de p̄tate meriti. vt. j. eo. tata. nā de p̄tate officii pot heretic celebrare. vt. s. q. j. quidam.",[1781,3066,3068],{"id":3067},"jo-tn̄-dixit","Jo. tn̄ dixit",[11,3070,3071],{},"q̄ qui semel simoniace contulit ordinem decetero executione dare non poterit: sit cunq3 occultum sit quaticunq3 recipiens, ignoret. vt s. q. j. si quis a simoniacis. z. io drive misericorditer. z. e. q. reperiūtur. et. ca. quibusdā. Sz hoc v̄f reprobari. j. c. plus. s. p qua vi domo si recepi ordinem ab illo que simoniacū ignorabam executione habeo q̄uis et a quibusdaz hoc audierim nisi me coscia remorderet. sicut habes. J. de sen. exco. cum illoru. rh. j. z q si. vbi in code casu sclaris deponitur: sed tm suspeditur regularis. Dicut et quida simoniacum tn̄cunq3 occultū suspensum esse q̄ ad oēs. vt. s. not. z notorius fornicator. xxxij. di. §. veru. z. c. nullus z. c. pter hoc. z. c. si queras quare iura canonica hec duo crīa j deo prequitur. r3. simonia est morbo cācerosus: io ferro ignito opus est: est ctia malu vitatum. j. q. j. reperiūtur. Jte fornicatio coe vitiu est. l. di. q⁴ tua sctitas in fi. z io in his pena exacerbari oz in vtroq3. ff. de penis. aut facta. §. fin.",[1781,3073,3075],{"id":3074},"suspēsus","Suspēsus",[11,3077,3078],{},"at vel excōicatus\u002F vel depositus executione officii nō h3 q̄uis charactere re-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3080},[3081,3082,3083,3084,3085],{"id":3046,"depth":48,"text":3047},{"id":3053,"depth":48,"text":3054},{"id":3060,"depth":48,"text":3061},{"id":3067,"depth":48,"text":3068},{"id":3074,"depth":48,"text":3075},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra",1101,{"description":3043},1101.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra","uOy9C_APEaIGohvI-lc9MXy-ooNDgTNOTCyqGcrSqYk",{"id":3094,"title":3095,"body":3096,"description":3100,"extension":52,"meta":3127,"navigation":56,"page":3095,"path":3128,"pdf_page":3088,"reading":53,"seo":3129,"sortable_pagination_id":3130,"stem":3131,"__hash__":3132},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb.md","538rb",{"type":8,"value":3097,"toc":3122},[3098,3101,3105,3108,3112,3115,3119],[11,3099,3100],{},"tineat vt. s. q. j. § opponitur.",[1781,3102,3104],{"id":3103},"jo-dicit-q̄-hereticus","Jo. dicit q̄ hereticus",[11,3106,3107],{},"excōicatus z depositus cōficere pōt z alia sacra ministrare. s. q. j. dn̄s. z. c. nō nocet. z. c. dictum est. de conse. di. iij. nō in nobis pterea q̄ esset rō \u002F q̄re dānatus adeo posset cōficere q̄diu toleratur ab ecclia: sed dānat ab hoic nō. q. d. non video sm Jo.",[1781,3109,3111],{"id":3110},"sed-alij-dicunt","Sed alij dicunt",[11,3113,3114],{},"q̄ nūq̄ conficiunt tales: nec executionem hn̄t. nā vt dicit pelagius li veritate ducerent nō est xpi corpus qd hereticus conficit vt prius. q. j. schisma. nā hoc sacrm vnitatis est. de cōse. dist. j. q3 passus z io extra vnitate ecclie confici nō pot. vt. j. q. j. ecclesia. z c. sacerdotes. qd et veru v̄f sm Jn. no. q hoc sacrm nemo pot perficere nisi sacerdos catholicus q3 extra eccliam nullus saluatur: rite sm clauce ecclie ordinatus. vt. s. de sum. tri. c. j. § vna.",[1781,3116,3118],{"id":3117},"est-verum","Est verum",[11,3120,3121],{},"q tales epi licet ordinādo aliquā excecutionem nō transferāt quā non hn̄t tn̄ characterem que hn̄t transferunt mortuum nudum qualē habent: z io si ordinatus ignorans fuerit pot cum eo p epm misericorditer dispensari dummodo ignorātia facti fuerit p̄babilis non crassa nec supina: als papa solus dispensare poffet. vt. s. de ord. ab eo q̄ resigna. epa. c. j. z. §. q̄re patet q̄ cōficit q3 sine missa ordīnes non celebrant: vt. s. de elect. q̄ sicut. §. sup co. z q̄ excōicatus celebret et cōficiat. cōprobatur s. de sacra. nō ite. a nobis sm Ber. z vide q̄ not. j. de schisma. §. quid iuris z sm hoc intellige iura q̄ faciunt p hac via. ix. q. j. ab excōicatis. z. c. ordinationes. z q̄ faciunt cōtra. ix. q. j. c. j. z de consecr. dist. iiij. quo. z j. q. j. qui pfectionem. z. c. veru est. z. xxiij. q. j. audiuimus. ar. ad hanc di. j. e. p tuas. ij. z. s. de appel. si duobus. de hac mater. dic vt plene determinaui. s. de tep. ordi. §. z q̄. versi. hec igit sit fides tua. excipe tn̄ depositū sm Soffre. vt ibi no. z. j. de cler. excō. mini. §. j. ver. sed nūquid depositus,",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3123},[3124,3125,3126],{"id":3103,"depth":48,"text":3104},{"id":3110,"depth":48,"text":3111},{"id":3117,"depth":48,"text":3118},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb",{"description":3100},1101.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb","Zpjo1Avuk_9ESMRFnFLc2ygbEi5ylI2EyGIyP9nSkcU",{"id":3134,"title":3135,"body":3136,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":3172,"navigation":56,"page":3135,"path":3173,"pdf_page":3174,"reading":53,"seo":3175,"sortable_pagination_id":3176,"stem":3177,"__hash__":3178},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va.md","538va",{"type":8,"value":3137,"toc":3166},[3138,3142,3145,3149,3152,3156,3159,3163],[1781,3139,3141],{"id":3140},"per-iudicem-autem-pena-imponitur","Per iudicem autem pena imponitur",[11,3143,3144],{},"Per iudicem autem pena imponitur: sed refert vtrum queratur de crimine in modum accusationis vel in modum inquisitionis.",[1781,3146,3148],{"id":3147},"si-in-modum-accusationis","Si in modum accusationis",[11,3150,3151],{},"Si in modum accusationis et is qui accusatur infamatus est debet iudex eum suspendere ab executione ordinis ad tempus, scilicet quousque didicerit an verum sit id super quo accusatur: vt infra eodem accusatum et c. quoties. Idem si occultus sit: ex quo habentur certa indicia: et sic potest intelligi infra eodem sicut simoniaca, vel aliter vt statim dicam.",[1781,3153,3155],{"id":3154},"quod-si-accusator-intentionem-suam-probauerit","Quod si accusator intentionem suam probauerit",[11,3157,3158],{},"Quod si accusator intentionem suam probauerit siue per confessionem siue per testes quoniam non refert de modo: dummodo crimen sufficienter probetur, debet protinus eliminari ab ecclesia dei, id est extra limites poni: vt infra eodem sicut. Hoc est cum graui infamia que sequitur debet deponi: vt infra qo. ij. c. vl. j. q. fi. presbyter. xv. qo. iij. sane. C. de epi. et cleri. si questio. Si vero in modum inquisitionis queratur de hoc crimine: si infamatus sit secularis qui adeptus est beneficium simoniace ignoranter cogitur renunciare sed non deponitur, infra eodem ex insinuatione. Si vero scienter sit et deponitur: vt supra de accusa. inquisitionis. Sed si regularis est et est simoniacus in ordine idem erit, argumentum in his que notantur supra eodem § ipso facto et seq. et infra eodem per tuas. Si vero in beneficio et ignoranter sunt promoti, renunciare tenentur: vt infra eodem de regularibus in fi. Dantes tamen et recipientes sunt pena canonica feriendi: vt infra eodem sicut nobis § pe. et vlt.",[1781,3160,3162],{"id":3161},"ubi-vero-scienter-promoti-sunt-ad-consortium-regulare","Ubi vero scienter promoti sunt ad consortium regulare",[11,3164,3165],{},"Ubi vero scienter promoti sunt ad consortium regulare, pena depositionis remittitur: verum tamen recepti circa concilium generale de monasteriis que taliter adepti sunt remouentur et in aliis monasteriis arctioris regule retruduntur: sed cum his qui recepti sunt ante concilium misericorditer dispensatur: vt in aliis locis eiusdem ordinis collocentur vel si pro nimia multitudine hoc fieri non potest: permittitur vt in eodem monasterio post liberam resignationem remaneant mutatis prioribus sedibus et inferioribus assignatis, secundum hoc",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3167},[3168,3169,3170,3171],{"id":3140,"depth":48,"text":3141},{"id":3147,"depth":48,"text":3148},{"id":3154,"depth":48,"text":3155},{"id":3161,"depth":48,"text":3162},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va",1102,{"description":47},1102.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va","PLU8upTfW34439B7SxZv7U6iXgRMjNxrJGMvVCX32vU",{"id":3180,"title":3181,"body":3182,"description":3186,"extension":52,"meta":3237,"navigation":56,"page":3181,"path":3238,"pdf_page":3174,"reading":53,"seo":3239,"sortable_pagination_id":3240,"stem":3241,"__hash__":3242},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb.md","538vb",{"type":8,"value":3183,"toc":3229},[3184,3187,3191,3194,3198,3201,3205,3208,3212,3215,3219,3222,3226],[11,3185,3186],{},"intellige infra eodem de regularibus rf. f. c. c. dilectis filiis. ad. et concilium generale qm simoniaca labes.",[1781,3188,3190],{"id":3189},"sed-cum-his-qui-citra-concilium-sunt-recepti","Sed cum his qui citra concilium sunt recepti",[11,3192,3193],{},"Sed cum his qui citra concilium sunt recepti aliqui per papam dispensatur, et quod hoc de monachis etiam ad abbates extenditur: sed non coguntur monachi renunciare spiritualibus vel abbates renunciare temporalibus, que hincinde acquisita sunt nullo precedente sed sola intentione: quod dic vt no. supra eodem § quid sit. habes infra eodem c. vlt. vbi dicit quod tale pactum per palam sola abolet: et sic collige quod facilius et tutius remittitur iniuria facta deo quam homini: per quod patet ratio quam querit Jo. supra eodem § rh. ver. suspensus aut vide.",[1781,3195,3197],{"id":3196},"sed-que-est-ratio","Sed que est ratio",[11,3199,3200],{},"Sed que est ratio quod secularis conuictus in modum inquisitionis degradatur et non regularis. respondeo: quia in inquisitione secularis subtilitas iuris requiritur: et ideo in his criminibus exceptis de stricto iure pronunciatur: sed in inquisitione regularis de plano proceditur: et ideo de plano puniretur: vt patet in his que no. supra eodem § quid de accusatione. et sub titu. de accu. in rubrica de inquisitionibus. Item quia regula est approbata vt dum in vno grauatur in alio releuatur: vt infra proximo ver. sed et eps. et seq.",[1781,3202,3204],{"id":3203},"quid-si-quis-offert-bona-sua-ecclesie","Quid si quis offert bona sua ecclesie",[11,3206,3207],{},"Quid si quis offert bona sua ecclesie simpliciter sine pacto: hac tamen intentione vt pro bonis temporalibus que offert spiritualia valeat adipisci: ipsa alias non daturus nec ipsum essent alias clerici recepturi: ad hoc dicit decretum quod tamen ille atque isti apud districtum iudicem qui scrutator est cordis culpabiles iudicantur, infra eodem tua § sed aut. Vnde cum non dicat simoniaci iudicantur, puniendi sunt propter prauam intentionem fuerunt tamen qui dixerunt quod non sunt simoniaci: tamen sunt tanquam simoniaci puniendi propter prauam intentionem cum opere subsecuto. argumentum supra de biga. nup. in fi. c. c. a nobis.",[1781,3209,3211],{"id":3210},"tu-dic-quod-simoniaci-sunt","Tu dic quod simoniaci sunt",[11,3213,3214],{},"Tu dic quod simoniaci sunt: quia sola voluntate committitur simonia quod dic vt no. supra c. ver. si vero scienter et supra eodem § j.",[1781,3216,3218],{"id":3217},"quid-si-monasterium-non-abundat","Quid si monasterium non abundat",[11,3220,3221],{},"Quid si monasterium non abundat imo est tenue et depressum nimia paupertate: nunquid potest pecunia dari et recipi sine vitio simonie? non satis, tamen potest concedi quod hec verba possint dicere hi qui sunt de conuentu volenti intrare: nos libenter et gratis recipiemus te ad consortium nostrum spirituale: sed cum bona nostra non sufficiant nobis et tibi deporta tecum vnde viuere possis: vel sic, prouideas tibi vt viuas: tunc enim si ingrediens aliqua temporalia conferat: non committitur simonia, nec ob. infra eodem qm vbi dicit paupertatis pretextu volentes vitium huiusmodi palliare, nam illa intelligenda est quando non sic caute proceditur: imo recipientes pactum faciunt et certum forum et cum sic comiserunt nequeunt pretextu paupertatis excusare.",[1781,3223,3225],{"id":3224},"sed-hoc-pretextu-non-parat-delinquentem","Sed hoc pretextu non parat delinquentem",[11,3227,3228],{},"Sed hoc pretextu non parat delinquentem. ff. de ritu nup. palam § non est ignoscendum. supra de diuor. ex literis. nam esset sanctius fame mori. xxxij. q. iiij. sicut san",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3230},[3231,3232,3233,3234,3235,3236],{"id":3189,"depth":48,"text":3190},{"id":3196,"depth":48,"text":3197},{"id":3203,"depth":48,"text":3204},{"id":3210,"depth":48,"text":3211},{"id":3217,"depth":48,"text":3218},{"id":3224,"depth":48,"text":3225},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb",{"description":3186},1102.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb","0pBIf7qpHwvFejQX3jr4piJA-JqAF8SC3BUaVDNeu4M",{"id":3244,"title":3245,"body":3246,"description":3250,"extension":52,"meta":3301,"navigation":56,"page":3245,"path":3302,"pdf_page":3303,"reading":53,"seo":3304,"sortable_pagination_id":3305,"stem":3306,"__hash__":3307},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra.md","539ra",{"type":8,"value":3247,"toc":3293},[3248,3251,3255,3258,3262,3265,3269,3272,3276,3279,3283,3286,3290],[11,3249,3250],{},"ctius est omnia mala de mundo pati. xxxij. q. v. itaque. nec ob. quod a furto excusat famis necessitas de cose. dif. v. discipulos. quia tali tempore omnia sunt communia. ff. ad. l. ro. de iac. l. j. §. cum in eadem naui.",[1781,3252,3254],{"id":3253},"sed-si-non-fuit-tanta-necessitas","Sed si non fuit tanta necessitas",[11,3256,3257],{},"Sed si non fuit tanta necessitas non excusat in totum. j. de fur. si quis per necessitatem.",[1781,3259,3261],{"id":3260},"quid-de-monasteriis","Quid de monasteriis",[11,3263,3264],{},"Quid de monasteriis vbi nullum pactum imponitur: est tamen taxatum quantum puella ingrediens dare debet: et quidem talis taxatio reprobatur. j. eo. sicut pro certo. et c. in tantum in fi. Ideoque si pactum interponatur de tali consuetudine obseruanda simoniacum est: vt. j. eo. veniens. et c. in tantum. §. cum vero expressus. idem est si gratis recipiatur: et postea compellatur receptus ad talem consuetudinem obseruandam. j. eo. audiuimus. et c. Jacobus finaliter omni conuentione et omni pulsione cessante gratis dato id quod est consuetum non amittitur simonia; quae ad militantem ecclesiam: quamuis hoc sit simoniacum quo ad deum argu. j. de vsu. consuluit. xiiij. q. iij. plerique. et est expressum. j. eo. c. fi. quod dic vt no. s. eo. §. j.",[1781,3266,3268],{"id":3267},"sed-nunquid-possit-circa-hoc-aliquod-remedium-haberi","Sed nunquid possit circa hoc aliquod remedium haberi",[11,3270,3271],{},"Sed nunquid possit circa hoc aliquod remedium haberi sic vt moniales puellam gratis et spiritualiter recipiant: et si ita pauperes sint quod non possunt eidem in necessariis prouidere agant contra patrem ad alimenta ad quae tenetur vt no. s. de presc. in fi. et j. de infan. et languidis expositis: et si mortuus est agat ad partes hereditatis suae: vt in autent. de san. episcopis. §. nulla penitus. colu. colla. ix.",[1781,3273,3275],{"id":3274},"sed-episcopus-qui-recipit-promissionem","Sed episcopus qui recipit promissionem",[11,3277,3278],{},"Sed episcopus qui recipit promissionem siue iuramentum ab ordinando quod eum non inquietet super petendo titulo vel repraesentator qui simile pactum recipit penam habet: quia repraesentator ipso iure ab executione ordinum est suspensus per triennium ordinator vero et ordinatus sine diffinitione temporis a collatione et executione ordinis sint suspensi: donec gratiam sedis apostolicae mereantur. vt. j. eo. si quis ordinauerit Gregorius.",[1781,3280,3282],{"id":3281},"si-quaeras-quare-hae-diuersae-poenae-statuuntur","Si quaeras quare hae diuersae poenae statuuntur",[11,3284,3285],{},"Si quaeras quare hae diuersae poenae statuuntur respondeo ordinans et ordinatus magis delinquunt quam repraesentator cum in potestate eorum sit ordinem conferre vel recipere: et ideo magis puniuntur in hoc quod tempus non apponitur: vnde potest tempus triennii vel decennii excedi: et sic plus punit secundum regulam. s. de transla. epi. inter corporalia. §. vlt. et de cler. nihil in fin. rh. j. j. de cleri. exc. mini. latores. sed et repraesentator magis punitur alio respectu: quia suspendit ab executione omnium ordinum sed ordinans tantum a collatione ordinis quem contulit: ordinatus ab executione eiusdem ordinis: et sic puniuntur in eo in quo deliquerunt secundum regulam. s. de tempo. ordi. literas. et de iure pa. pastoralis. Item quia in vno grauantur in alio releuantur. nam haec est regula approbata. vt no. s. proxi. ver. sed quod est ro vt in fi. et probatur. s. de parochi. c. j. et de translat. epi. inter corporalia. §. vl. et ff. de iureiur. eum quae.",[1781,3287,3289],{"id":3288},"sed-quare-omnes-hi-non-degradantur","Sed quare omnes hi non degradantur",[11,3291,3292],{},"Sed quare omnes hi non degradantur cum seculares sunt. dicunt quidam quod non sunt vere simoniaci nam tempore quo pactus fuit non erat aliquid in",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3294},[3295,3296,3297,3298,3299,3300],{"id":3253,"depth":48,"text":3254},{"id":3260,"depth":48,"text":3261},{"id":3267,"depth":48,"text":3268},{"id":3274,"depth":48,"text":3275},{"id":3281,"depth":48,"text":3282},{"id":3288,"depth":48,"text":3289},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra",1103,{"description":3250},1103.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra","2GMc6Ibz1zPBQHvFxReAb4ZVeQ2sGpKc16y6X986Lno",{"id":3309,"title":3310,"body":3311,"description":3315,"extension":52,"meta":3342,"navigation":56,"page":3310,"path":3343,"pdf_page":3303,"reading":53,"seo":3344,"sortable_pagination_id":3345,"stem":3346,"__hash__":3347},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb.md","539rb",{"type":8,"value":3312,"toc":3337},[3313,3316,3320,3323,3327,3330,3334],[11,3314,3315],{},"obligatione: sed certe haec responsio non proficit cum spes esset debitum iri. ar. instit. de ver. obli. §. ex conditionali: vnde non potest negari: quin illa spes quae etiam postea omnino extitit remissa sit: et sic est simonia vera cum idem sit remittere quod dare. j. e. querelam. et s. de testa. veniens. nam episcopus vel repraesentator in ipsa ordinatione vel repraesentatione obligatur ad titulum assignandum ordinato vt. s. de praeben. eps. et c. cum secundum. § aliquod commodum sentiret inde si tamen pactum valeret: et sic est simoniacum vt expressum est. ar. ff. de calu. l. j. in fi. et l. ij. et iij. rñ. j. quare decre. Greg. intelligenda est in foro poenitentiali non in iudiciali. quod dicit caueat sibi ordinans et ordinatus et repraesentator tale pactum interponens et recipiens: quia quamuis occultum sit, et probari non possit: tamen hanc poenam ipso facto a canone patiuntur: et sic ipso iure suspenditur.",[1781,3317,3319],{"id":3318},"sin-autem-crimen-probari-non-potest","Sin autem crimen probari non potest",[11,3321,3322],{},"Sin autem crimen probari non potest indicitur purgatio infamato: et in qua si deficiat punitur tanquam conuictus: vt infra eo. de hoc. et c. insinuata.",[1781,3324,3326],{"id":3325},"quae-dispensatio-et-a-quo-circa-eos-adhibeatur","Quae dispensatio et a quo circa eos adhibeatur",[11,3328,3329],{},"Quae dispensatio et a quo circa eos adhibeatur hic dicitur. vtrum quis sit simoniacus et simoniace promotus: vel simoniace promotus: sed non simoniacus: vel simoniacus: sed non simoniace promotus. Item vtrum simonia committatur in ordine vel in beneficio.",[1781,3331,3333],{"id":3332},"si-quis-simoniacus-est-in-ordine","Si quis simoniacus est in ordine",[11,3335,3336],{},"Si quis simoniacus est in ordine. scilicet quod dedit pecuniam vt ordinaretur in subdiaconum vel diaconum: vel sacerdotem hic non potest episcopus dispensare. j. eo. nobis. quia non potest dispensare nisi in adulteriis et minoribus criminibus vt. s. de iudi. at si clerici quinimo secundum quosdam etiam dispensare non potest cum tali: quia simoniacus necesse habet renunciare ei quod simoniace acquisiuit: vt. j. quaestio. prima. si quis. nec sanctis sed ordini aliquis non posset renunciare cum animae imprimatur. xxx. quest. vij. licite. nec executioni, quia illa non habet: ideo non potest vitium pur",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3338},[3339,3340,3341],{"id":3318,"depth":48,"text":3319},{"id":3325,"depth":48,"text":3326},{"id":3332,"depth":48,"text":3333},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb",{"description":3315},1103.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb","XS4qsa4yfPUi391eg8BSWW1CJ9icVk1cJLUUOjoRYqM",{"id":3349,"title":3350,"body":3351,"description":3355,"extension":52,"meta":3364,"navigation":56,"page":3350,"path":3365,"pdf_page":60,"reading":53,"seo":3366,"sortable_pagination_id":3367,"stem":3368,"__hash__":3369},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va.md","539va",{"type":8,"value":3352,"toc":3362},[3353,3356,3359],[11,3354,3355],{},"sare.xiiij.q.vj.si res. Sed hoc non credo: imo pot papa cum tali dispensare:qr potest se vltro offerre ad depositionem.xxj.dist.nunc aut. Si eis pot renunciare quantum in eo est: et si papa dispenset secum purgabitur vitium ordis. j.q.v.pitium.na et vitium furti purgat re furtiua apud furem manente domini voluntate.ff.de vsuca.si fur.j.q.j.q quidam.ver.si forte.idem in violento detentore. ff.de precario.certe.c. iulianus.et coprobat.j.eo.per tuas.et.q.ij.c. pe. Multoforti & si non sit simoniacus:licet datae simoniace promotus.s.qr eo ignorante data pecunia:et io forte in hoc casu si sit occultum sit poterunt epi dispensare.ar.j.eo.simoniace.",[11,3357,3358],{},"Sed qd si de promoto sit simoniace ad religionem aliquam.dic vt.s.pri.§.si vero.apot adhiberi dispensatio ab epo:si eo ignorante stadum fuit pecunia data. Alij dicunt indiscutiendum fore concilio gnali.j.eo.qm. Qd si quis aliud bnficium simoniace adeptus fuerit: erat simplex post liberam resignationem ipsius potrecuperare ipsum bnficium ex dispensatione epi: vel et capituli epo cosentiente.s.de elec.si alicui in fi.j.eo.ex insinuatione. Sed si platuram vel dignitatem adeptus fuerit: si sine aliqua accusatione venerit adepm: a pprio motu renuciauerit postulans humilr vt ipsius renuciatio admittatur: facta renuciatione poterit recuperare ipsam platuram ex dispensatione sui epi:qui in hoc no deliquit si tn vtilitas vel necessitas eccl.hoc expofcat: vt.j.q.v.pitium.r.c.quicus. Si vero in iudicio cotenderit vel vocatus fuerit timore pbationum cofessus fuerit:no pot eps cum eo illa vice dispelare:vt.s.de elec.si alicuius.e.j. e. nobis fuit.§.j. sm hoc intellige j.q.j.erga.vij.q.j.pitium.s.de ele.sup.eo.r.j.q.j.c.j.et c.vlti. Vel breuius dic & in simplici bnficio dispensat eps cum caplo cum ca sine ca dum tamen prerogatina meritorn istud expolcat sic intellige supra de elec.si alicuius. in fine.infra codem.ex insinuatione.",[11,3360,3361],{},"In duplici sut potest dispensare: etia vice ea si necessitas ecclesie hoc expolcat.vt in c.pitium.als no pot eps dispensare:vt l.c. nobis fuit.§.verum est illa vice:sed seda dispot:vt in c.si alicuius in pncin. & sic decretum antiquum determinat Steg.si alicui. Breg. determinat Inno.nobis fuit.ff.de legi.no est nouum.et.l.sequen. Quod autem dixi episcopum dispensare posse intelligendum est qi non sibi sed alicui de socijs suis ipo ignorante fuit pecunia data:als si tipse deliquisset indignus esset ptate dispensandi.arg.s. De cleri.coiuga.diuersis. hoc innuitur.j.q. v.pitium:vbi dicit per pecuniam non epo: cuida principum eius data. Et hec itelligenda sunt de simoniace promoto non simo-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3363},[],{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va",{"description":3355},1104.1,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va","rpAy_Vk_7wx2edRJVQu8kTHAAs4TuyHLsnhs_TkMHf4",{"id":3371,"title":57,"body":3372,"description":3376,"extension":52,"meta":3396,"navigation":56,"page":57,"path":3397,"pdf_page":60,"reading":53,"seo":3398,"sortable_pagination_id":3399,"stem":3400,"__hash__":3401},"readingsTranscription\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb.md",{"type":8,"value":3373,"toc":3393},[3374,3377,3380,3384,3387,3390],[11,3375,3376],{},"niaco.nam si simoniacus esset.s.qr sciuisset moniam interuenisse:non posset eps dispensare in duplici vllo modo:sed forte in simplici posset instante necessitate ecclesie als non.",[11,3378,3379],{},"Sed cotra:qr calcedon.cocilium adeo codemnat simoniacum in beneficio:sicut simoniacum in ordine:vt.j.q5.j.ex multis.tn vim hz euangelo.xv.dist.sicut.et ad hoc.j.q.j si de eps. Sol. illud qn simoniacus est hic aut leditur qn simoniace promot vt dixi. Sed nunquid eis pot dispefare in simonia comissa circa officia mortuoru:bndictiones nubentium:sepulturas chrismatis:venditiones sacrozum vasorum seu vestimetozum benedictiones: et consimiles minores species.dicut magistri & sic post peracta pniam eo qr no probibetur.argu.j.de sent.exco. nuper.nec ob.j. q.j.erga.qr loquitur in simoniaco in dignitate:sicut.j.eod.nobis.in fi.sm Hoff.",[1781,3381,3383],{"id":3382},"quid-de-pecunia-data-occasione-simoniace-prauitatis","Quid de pecunia data occasione simoniace prauitatis",[11,3385,3386],{},"Et certe vt dans da illi ecclesie in cuius iniuria data fuit vt.j eo.de hoc.t.c.consulere.et.c.audiuimus.et in aute.de san.epis.§.sed neqs.r.§.si vero laicus.",[11,3388,3389],{},"Sed q: qr restituenda est illi cui dedit:vt.j eo.veniens. Sol.sm.S.na.dico vbi totus capitulum deliquit restituenda est illi q dedit: vt in illa decreta.veniens.sed si vnus vt duo vel aliquis extraneus deliquit:tunc bz locu decr.de hoc. Sice turpis lucra sunt ab heredibus extorquenda.ff.de calum.in herede ide vsu.tua. Sed sm.T.si is qui dedit pecuniam vult remanere in seculo:non restituitur ei. Si vero vult intrare religionem:tunc est ei restituenda ne sit onerosus monasterio ad qo transitar.xvj.q.v.de lapsis.xvij.q.iij. si as in atrio.xxxij.qo.j.si quis rapuerit.j.de sepultu.c.j.ff.de iure doti.iure successum est. et accedat ad hoc.ff.de calum.l.general-§.illud.et.l.in heredem-§.sed etiam.",[11,3391,3392],{},"Prelatus vero aliquid ab ecclesia extorquens p simoniam bz reddere duplicatu.vt.j.eod.audiuimus.sed si per impressionem tuc reddet quadruplicatu.xvij.distinctione quoniam quidem.j.questione prima.concussionis. Concutere autem dicitur qui pretextu officii sibi commissi comminando aliquid ab inuito extorquet.ff. de concussi.l.j.q.j.et.xxij.q.j.militare.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3394},[3395],{"id":3382,"depth":48,"text":3383},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb",{"description":3376},1104.2,"readings\u002Ftranscription\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb","z0b0ohdGka0sblYNKc_e6J2Vt8WIF4IERZBaWL1rMEs",[3403,3418,3497,3612,3760,3869,3956,4121,4344,4441,4581,4719,4889,5005,5140,5218,5419,5564,5685,5873,6082,6246,6341,6479,6664,6762,6913],{"id":3404,"title":3405,"body":3406,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":3413,"navigation":56,"page":58,"path":3414,"pdf_page":61,"reading":53,"seo":3415,"sortable_pagination_id":1772,"stem":3416,"__hash__":3417},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb.md","On Simony, and That Nothing Be Demanded or Promised for Spiritual Things",{"type":8,"value":3407,"toc":3411},[3408],[1764,3409,3405],{"id":3410},"on-simony-and-that-nothing-be-demanded-or-promised-for-spiritual-things",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3412},[],{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb",{"title":3405,"description":47},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533rb","GrkKAcGQ3WrnN_UYhsD7puMj9V5WIm8S6nEbqIz07NA",{"id":3419,"title":1777,"body":3420,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":3492,"navigation":56,"page":1777,"path":3493,"pdf_page":1809,"reading":53,"seo":3494,"sortable_pagination_id":1811,"stem":3495,"__hash__":3496},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va.md",{"type":8,"value":3421,"toc":3487},[3422,3426,3429,3433,3480,3484],[1781,3423,3425],{"id":3424},"table-of-questions","Table of Questions",[11,3427,3428],{},"1 What simony is. 2 Whence it gets its name. 3 In what manner it is committed. 4 And in what manner it is induced. 8. 5 Whether a priest may hire out his labors. 6 Whether it is simony if a cleric, paid a fee, keeps vigil with the deceased and recites the psalter. 7 Whether it is simony if a judge refuses to absolve an excommunicate unless he first pays a certain sum of money. 9 Whether every pact induces simony. 10 Who is admitted to accuse a simoniac. 11 With what penalty simoniacs are struck, and what dispensation is applied with regard to them. 15. 12 One who confers simoniacally cannot thereafter give effect to the order. 13 Whether an excommunicated and deposed heretic can consecrate. 14 Why a layman convicted by inquisitorial procedure is degraded and not a religious. 16 Whether a bishop can dispense in a case of simony committed concerning the offices of the dead, etc.",[1781,3430,3432],{"id":3431},"it-has-been-said-above","It Has Been Said Above",[11,3434,3435,3436,3439,3440,3443,3444,3447,3448,3451,3452,3455,3456,3458,3459,3447,3462,3465,3466,3469,3470,161,3473,3447,3476,3479],{},"It has been said above concerning accusations in general. And because ",[1904,3437,3438],{},"the decretals"," propose to deal with crimes, he begins to treat of them, first placing the rubric on simony as on that crime in comparison with which others are counted as nothing, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3441,3442],{},"Pertuas",", C. 2 q. ult. cap. ult., and at [Extra], eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3445,3446],{},"Per tuas"," §",[15,3449,3450],{},"Ceterasque","; whence it is even called heresy, as at C. 1 q. 4 §",[15,3453,3454],{},"Sed licet",". Yet sometimes other crimes are said to be greater in respect of the greater penalty imposed; and thus resolve [the apparent contradiction] at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3457,3446],{}," at the end, and at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3460,3461],{},"Licet",[15,3463,3464],{},"Praeterea"," — for instance, the crime of ",[15,3467,3468],{},"lèse-majesté","; but in truth it is the lesser, because it is more grievous to offend the divine majesty than the temporal, as at [Extra] ",[15,3471,3472],{},"de haereticis",[15,3474,3475],{},"Ad abolendam",[15,3477,3478],{},"Credentes",". This is to be considered here.",[1781,3481,3483],{"id":3482},"what-simony-is","What Simony Is",[11,3485,3486],{},"What simony is. And whence it gets its name. In what manner it is committed. Who are admitted to the accusation of a simoniac. With what penalty they are struck. What dispensation, and by whom, is applied with regard to them. What of the money given on the occasion of simoniacal depravity.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3488},[3489,3490,3491],{"id":3424,"depth":48,"text":3425},{"id":3431,"depth":48,"text":3432},{"id":3482,"depth":48,"text":3483},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va",{"description":47},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533va","YsTqYGgPUoFvMuOIFB2jQrKX746Tb0_2VLUERW3VC5A",{"id":3498,"title":1816,"body":3499,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":3607,"navigation":56,"page":1816,"path":3608,"pdf_page":1809,"reading":53,"seo":3609,"sortable_pagination_id":1844,"stem":3610,"__hash__":3611},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb.md",{"type":8,"value":3500,"toc":3604},[3501,3503,3526,3545,3591,3601],[1781,3502,3483],{"id":3482},[11,3504,3505,3506,3509,3510,3513,3514,3517,3518,3521,3522,3525],{},"What simony is. It is indeed a deliberate will or desire to buy or sell spiritual things, or things annexed to spiritual things, according to Damasus and the other ancient doctors. But this description does not seem good, because it implies that simony is committed by intention alone. This, however, is false as regards the Church, though true as regards God, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,3507,3508],{},"Tua nos"," at the end. For if someone, drawn by such an intention, enters a monastery and is received on condition that he would give something, yet enters with no pact interposed, even though he afterwards gives something, he is not compelled to renounce the benefice or share thus acquired, nor is the recipient compelled to return what he received. Rather, such simony is wiped away by penance, because here he does not offend the Church but God alone, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ult.: “Because intention judges the man,” at C. 22 q. 5 ",[15,3511,3512],{},"Quamplura"," and following. But the Church does not judge of hidden things, but God alone, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3515,3516],{},"Sicut"," at the end, and C. 32 q. 5 ",[15,3519,3520],{},"Christiana",". For if all that is committed in this world were punished by the Church, divine judgments would have no place, as at C. 1 q. 4 ",[15,3523,3524],{},"Si omnia",".",[11,3527,3528,3529,161,3532,3535,3536,161,3538,3541,3542,3544],{},"But contrast [Extra] ",[15,3530,3531],{},"de usuris",[15,3533,3534],{},"Consuluit",", and C. 14 q. 3 cap. 1, where usury is committed by intention alone without a pact. And if it is said that this is false in the judicial forum, as at [Extra] ",[15,3537,3531],{},[15,3539,3540],{},"In civitate",", yet in the forum of conscience the man is held a usurer such that he must restore what he has thus received, as the decretal ",[15,3543,3534],{}," says. Why then is it not the same here, so that in the forum of conscience the abbot is bound to restore the price, and the monk to renounce the benefice or fellowship thus acquired? It can be said that usury is condemned by both laws indifferently, and therefore is prohibited in the New Testament because it was condemned in the Old.",[11,3546,3547,3548,3551,3552,3555,3556,3559,3560,3563,3564,3567,3568,3571,3572,161,3575,3578,3579,3582,3583,3586,3587,3590],{},"The same therefore holds in things prohibited, since the simoniacal is like the things forbidden as sacred. Whence the Lord also cast the sellers of doves out of the temple, as at C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3549,3550],{},"Cum multis","; and so can be understood C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3553,3554],{},"Qui studet"," and cap. ",[15,3557,3558],{},"Reperiuntur"," and q. 3 ",[15,3561,3562],{},"Non solum",", and C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3565,3566],{},"Consequens",". But the decretal ",[15,3569,3570],{},"Hic",", cited at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ult., speaks of simoniacs, because the buying [of a benefice], although in the Old Testament it was not prohibited, is today simoniacal — because it is prohibited; and so notes Vincentius at [Extra] ",[15,3573,3574],{},"de officio delegati",[15,3576,3577],{},"Ex parte"," I. Whence today too it is simoniacal to buy a vicarage, a stewardship, an advocacy, and such like, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,3580,3581],{},"Ad nostram",", C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3584,3585],{},"Si quis episcopus",", and q. 3 ",[15,3588,3589],{},"Salvator",". And in these things the will alone does not constitute the offense, but an act is required, according to Goffredus. This is true as regards the Church, as I have said.",[11,3592,3593,3594,161,3597,3600],{},"Or it can be said that the reason it is otherwise at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. fin. — namely, that he is not bound to restore to him what he gave — is because a monk can have nothing of his own; whence, however much one should restore the price to him, it would always remain the monastery’s, as at [Extra] ",[15,3595,3596],{},"de statu monachorum",[15,3598,3599],{},"Cum ad monasterium",". But he who gives money to a usurer would have it restored, because he has it as his own.",[11,3602,3603],{},"From this it appears that if a bishop, drawn by such hope, ordains a secular cleric and afterwards receives the money which he had hoped for, in the forum of conscience he is bound to return the money. And to the cleric it must be said that he had the same intention, so that he must not exercise his office until it has been dispensed with him. But what of celebrating in the church? This may sufficiently be granted, because if",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3605},[3606],{"id":3482,"depth":48,"text":3483},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb",{"description":47},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F533vb","S2h_cNp18u67NJcD7UMtteY91HooYesQeyuRvH68y7M",{"id":3613,"title":1849,"body":3614,"description":3754,"extension":52,"meta":3755,"navigation":56,"page":1849,"path":3756,"pdf_page":643,"reading":53,"seo":3757,"sortable_pagination_id":1860,"stem":3758,"__hash__":3759},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra.md",{"type":8,"value":3615,"toc":3752},[3616],[11,3617,3618,3619,3622,3623,161,3626,3629,3630,3633,3634,3637,3638,161,3641,3582,3644,3647,3648,3651,3652,3655,3656,161,3659,3662,3663,3666,3667,3655,3669,3671,3672,161,3675,3678,3679,3682,3683,3686,3687,3690,3691,161,3693,3696,3697,3555,3700,3703,3704,3707,3708,3707,3711,3629,3714,161,3717,3629,3720,161,3723,3726,3727,3730,3731,161,3733,3736,3737,3740,3741,161,3744,3747,3748,3751],{},"[…] as was said, the Church does not judge concerning hidden things — as may be discussed below at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3620,3621],{},"Quod de pecunia",". ¶ For a second reason, the above description does not seem good, because it implies that simony is committed without a deliberate desire to sell or buy spiritual things, which is false, as appears in what follows below. ¶ It seems to me that it can be described thus. ¶ † Simony is the receiving or giving of spiritual things, or of what is annexed to spiritual things, with a preceding pact of promise, of a gift, of any manner of service, of a price, or of any temporal thing whatsoever, as will appear below. ¶ I call “spiritual” the orders [conferred] by the Church, and any spiritual benefice that ought to be conferred freely and of necessity, as at [Extra] ",[15,3624,3625],{},"de praebendis",[15,3627,3628],{},"Relatum",", and [Extra] ",[15,3631,3632],{},"de officio archiepiscopi",", cap. ult. Annexed to spiritual things are the fruits arising from these spiritual benefices; and so if one of these is bought without which the other could not be acquired, neither is left unbought. For spiritual things without temporal goods avail nothing, just as the soul does not live a bodily life without the body, as at C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,3635,3636],{},"Si quis obiecerit",". According to Damasus, I understand this when the fruits are sold in perpetuity, that is, the very right of receiving them, as at [Extra] ",[15,3639,3640],{},"de rebus ecclesiae non alienandis",[15,3642,3643],{},"Ad audientiam",[15,3645,3646],{},"Si quis praebendas",", C. 1 q. ult. ",[15,3649,3650],{},"Non satis",". It is otherwise if the fruits are sold for a time and not the very right of receiving them, as will be said below at [Extra] ",[15,3653,3654],{},"Ne praelati vices suas",", vers. ",[15,3657,3658],{},"Item praelatus",[15,3660,3661],{},"Sed quare",". But here too one must distinguish: whether someone buys the fruits in perpetuity from a prelate who has the power of conferring [the benefice] — and then it is unlawful — or from the one who has received the benefice and from whom he can buy the fruits in perpetuity, that is, for as long as the beneficed person lives, according to Laurentius, by argument from [Extra] ",[15,3664,3665],{},"Ut beneficia ecclesiastica sine diminutione conferantur",", cap. unic. at the end. And what the reason for the distinction is, see below at [Extra] ",[15,3668,3654],{},[15,3670,3661],{},". ¶ Likewise, even a church may be given with a certain rent reserved upon it in perpetuity by common consent of the bishop and chapter, as at [Extra] ",[15,3673,3674],{},"de religiosis domibus",[15,3676,3677],{},"Constitutus",", and [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,3680,3681],{},"Querelam",". But if a pact preceded the donation or the receipt that followed, then neither before nor after may anything be exacted or received; nor again, with no preceding pact, may anything be extorted violently under pretext of some custom — as if it should be customary to give something for pasture, or for pasturage, or for the ",[15,3684,3685],{},"ros"," [dew] or ",[15,3688,3689],{},"calamus"," [reed] without writing, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. 1, and C. 1 q. 3 ",[15,3692,3636],{},[15,3694,3695],{},"Si quis praebenda",". But what is freely offered may be freely accepted, as is proved in the case of the court at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3698,3699],{},"Dilectus filius",[15,3701,3702],{},"Et si quaestiones",", at the end. ¶ Or say that the rights of patronage are annexed to spiritual things, which are forbidden to be sold just as spiritual things are, as at [Extra] ",[15,3705,3706],{},"de iure patronatus",", cap. ",[15,3709,3710],{},"De iure",[15,3712,3713],{},"Quia clerici",[15,3715,3716],{},"de rerum permutatione",[15,3718,3719],{},"Quaesitum",[15,3721,3722],{},"de iudiciis",[15,3724,3725],{},"Sto",". A thing is called annexed to the spiritual on account of a certain conformity, namely, that it falls to a layman and is possessed by a layman, since no other spiritual right falls to a layman except the right of burial (ff. ",[15,3728,3729],{},"de mortuo inferendo",", l. 1) and the right of electing if his custom is confirmed by privilege, as at [Extra] ",[15,3732,3706],{},[15,3734,3735],{},"Nobis",", according to Bonifacius. The same holds also in many other spiritual rights granted by the pope, as at D. 22 §",[15,3738,3739],{},"Vetus",", C. 16 q. 1 ",[15,3742,3743],{},"De decimis",[15,3745,3746],{},"A nobis",", and cap. ",[15,3749,3750],{},"Tua",", and below. ¶ But annexed to the spiritual is also the right of receiving income by reason of a canonry or prelacy. For although such a right is spiritual, nevertheless it is said to be annexed because of the temporal",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3753},[],"[…] as was said, the Church does not judge concerning hidden things — as may be discussed below at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. Quod de pecunia. ¶ For a second reason, the above description does not seem good, because it implies that simony is committed without a deliberate desire to sell or buy spiritual things, which is false, as appears in what follows below. ¶ It seems to me that it can be described thus. ¶ † Simony is the receiving or giving of spiritual things, or of what is annexed to spiritual things, with a preceding pact of promise, of a gift, of any manner of service, of a price, or of any temporal thing whatsoever, as will appear below. ¶ I call “spiritual” the orders [conferred] by the Church, and any spiritual benefice that ought to be conferred freely and of necessity, as at [Extra] de praebendis, Relatum, and [Extra] de officio archiepiscopi, cap. ult. Annexed to spiritual things are the fruits arising from these spiritual benefices; and so if one of these is bought without which the other could not be acquired, neither is left unbought. For spiritual things without temporal goods avail nothing, just as the soul does not live a bodily life without the body, as at C. 1 q. 1, Si quis obiecerit. According to Damasus, I understand this when the fruits are sold in perpetuity, that is, the very right of receiving them, as at [Extra] de rebus ecclesiae non alienandis, Ad audientiam, C. 1 q. 1 Si quis praebendas, C. 1 q. ult. Non satis. It is otherwise if the fruits are sold for a time and not the very right of receiving them, as will be said below at [Extra] Ne praelati vices suas, vers. Item praelatus, Sed quare. But here too one must distinguish: whether someone buys the fruits in perpetuity from a prelate who has the power of conferring [the benefice] — and then it is unlawful — or from the one who has received the benefice and from whom he can buy the fruits in perpetuity, that is, for as long as the beneficed person lives, according to Laurentius, by argument from [Extra] Ut beneficia ecclesiastica sine diminutione conferantur, cap. unic. at the end. And what the reason for the distinction is, see below at [Extra] Ne praelati vices suas, vers. Sed quare. ¶ Likewise, even a church may be given with a certain rent reserved upon it in perpetuity by common consent of the bishop and chapter, as at [Extra] de religiosis domibus, Constitutus, and [Extra] eodem [titulo], Querelam. But if a pact preceded the donation or the receipt that followed, then neither before nor after may anything be exacted or received; nor again, with no preceding pact, may anything be extorted violently under pretext of some custom — as if it should be customary to give something for pasture, or for pasturage, or for the ros [dew] or calamus [reed] without writing, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. 1, and C. 1 q. 3 Si quis obiecerit, Si quis praebenda. But what is freely offered may be freely accepted, as is proved in the case of the court at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. Dilectus filius and cap. Et si quaestiones, at the end. ¶ Or say that the rights of patronage are annexed to spiritual things, which are forbidden to be sold just as spiritual things are, as at [Extra] de iure patronatus, cap. De iure, cap. Quia clerici, and [Extra] de rerum permutatione, Quaesitum, and [Extra] de iudiciis, Sto. A thing is called annexed to the spiritual on account of a certain conformity, namely, that it falls to a layman and is possessed by a layman, since no other spiritual right falls to a layman except the right of burial (ff. de mortuo inferendo, l. 1) and the right of electing if his custom is confirmed by privilege, as at [Extra] de iure patronatus, Nobis, according to Bonifacius. The same holds also in many other spiritual rights granted by the pope, as at D. 22 §Vetus, C. 16 q. 1 De decimis, A nobis, and cap. Tua, and below. ¶ But annexed to the spiritual is also the right of receiving income by reason of a canonry or prelacy. For although such a right is spiritual, nevertheless it is said to be annexed because of the temporal",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra",{"description":3754},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534ra","7T8g6ZMWIGWcvWIVtxwZHqYRrKOdbQ-WvgmwNsCv9bY",{"id":3761,"title":1865,"body":3762,"description":3863,"extension":52,"meta":3864,"navigation":56,"page":1865,"path":3865,"pdf_page":643,"reading":53,"seo":3866,"sortable_pagination_id":1892,"stem":3867,"__hash__":3868},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb.md",{"type":8,"value":3763,"toc":3859},[3764,3814,3818,3848,3852],[11,3765,3766,3767,161,3769,3771,3772,3775,3776,3779,3780,3782,3783,3786,3787,3790,3791,3655,3794,3797,3798,3801,3802,3707,3805,3629,3808,161,3811,3525],{},"quality which inheres in receiving, according to Goffredus. ¶ Therefore in these matters every condition, every promise, every pact for temporal advantage induces simony, as at [Extra] ",[15,3768,3716],{},[15,3770,3719],{},", [Extra] ",[15,3773,3774],{},"de pactis",", cap. ult., and C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3777,3778],{},"Cum pio",". It is otherwise if afterwards [a gift] is freely offered, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. ",[15,3781,3508],{}," in the middle, paragraph 1, and at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. ",[15,3784,3785],{},"Item et ecclesias",". For there are certain things which, even if dishonourably petitioned, [are nonetheless lawful], as at [Extra] ",[15,3788,3789],{},"de magistris",", cap. 1 §",[15,3792,3793],{},"Utrum a scholaribus",[15,3795,3796],{},"Si vero magistro",". But let everyone beware of evil intent, as is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §",[15,3799,3800],{},"Si non sit",", paragraph 1. Likewise, a lawful condition, and one that may be added by law, may be appended, as at [Extra] ",[15,3803,3804],{},"Et causa",[15,3806,3807],{},"In causa",[15,3809,3810],{},"de electione",[15,3812,3813],{},"Significasti",[1781,3815,3817],{"id":3816},"and-whence-it-is-named","And Whence It Is Named",[11,3819,3820,3821,3824,3825,3747,3828,3831,3832,3834,3835,3838,3839,161,3841,3447,3844,3847],{},"†a And indeed it is called simony from Simon Magus, who first in the New Testament wished to buy grace from blessed Peter. It is also called the ",[15,3822,3823],{},"cupiditas Gieziti",", that is, the cupidity of Gehazi, from Gehazi the servant of Elisha, who first in the Old Testament sold the grace of healing to Naaman, the prince of the army of the king of the Assyrians, whence he was struck with the leprosy from which Naaman had suffered and from which Naaman was healed, as at C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3826,3827],{},"Quod studet",[15,3829,3830],{},"Cito turpem",". And therefore it is said that such men receive their portion with Gehazi and Simon, at [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,3833,3650],{},", cap. seq., and cap. ",[15,3836,3837],{},"Sicut pro certo",". So too one who takes honour upon himself is bidden to share with Dathan and Abiron, whom the earth swallowed alive, as at [Extra] ",[15,3840,3810],{},[15,3842,3843],{},"Sed evitanda",[15,3845,3846],{},"Si quis autem",". ¶ From what has been said it is clear that, properly speaking, the seller of spiritual things is a “Gehazite” and the buyer truly a “simoniac.” But usage has prevailed that both are called simoniacs, according to Goffredus.",[1781,3849,3851],{"id":3850},"how-it-is-committed","How It Is Committed",[11,3853,3854,3855,3858],{},"† Take it in by these verses: ¶ “Gift, tongue, flesh, fear, and the favour of the people ¶ hinder a spiritual thing from being given freely.” ¶ The “gift” is of three kinds; therefore it is said, “Blessed is he who shaketh his hands from every gift” [Isaiah 33:15]. For there is a gift “from the hand,” namely when money is given; likewise “from the tongue,” that is, favour, as follows; likewise “from service,” namely service unduly rendered, as at C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3856,3857],{},"Sunt nonnulli",". Understand",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3860},[3861,3862],{"id":3816,"depth":48,"text":3817},{"id":3850,"depth":48,"text":3851},"quality which inheres in receiving, according to Goffredus. ¶ Therefore in these matters every condition, every promise, every pact for temporal advantage induces simony, as at [Extra] de rerum permutatione, Quaesitum, [Extra] de pactis, cap. ult., and C. 1 q. 1 Cum pio. It is otherwise if afterwards [a gift] is freely offered, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], cap. Tua nos in the middle, paragraph 1, and at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. Item et ecclesias. For there are certain things which, even if dishonourably petitioned, [are nonetheless lawful], as at [Extra] de magistris, cap. 1 §Utrum a scholaribus, vers. Si vero magistro. But let everyone beware of evil intent, as is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §Si non sit, paragraph 1. Likewise, a lawful condition, and one that may be added by law, may be appended, as at [Extra] Et causa, cap. In causa, and [Extra] de electione, Significasti.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb",{"description":3863},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534rb","RzsKxVKFrmV-McynzzaxkuJzOkutTJsls5vvxJrqVZA",{"id":3870,"title":1897,"body":3871,"description":3950,"extension":52,"meta":3951,"navigation":56,"page":1897,"path":3952,"pdf_page":2115,"reading":53,"seo":3953,"sortable_pagination_id":2117,"stem":3954,"__hash__":3955},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va.md",{"type":8,"value":3872,"toc":3948},[3873],[11,3874,3875,3876,3879,3880,3883,3884,161,3887,3890,3891,3893,3894,3897,3898,3900,3901,3904,3905,3908,3909,3911,3912,3915,3916,3919,3920,3923,3924,3927,3928,3930,3931,161,3933,3936,3937,3940,3941,161,3944,3947],{},"a preceding pact in either case. Hence if I promise you a church so that you may further my business in the Roman curia, it is simoniacal, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,3877,3878],{},"Cum essent",". But it is otherwise if I serve you, led by this hope as a secondary motive, namely that you do me a favour, but principally I serve you freely. That is to say, if I principally serve you freely, expecting a benefice from you as a secondary thing, I do not transgress, by argument from l. fi. de pact. ",[15,3881,3882],{},"Quod proderit"," and ff. ",[15,3885,3886],{},"de petitione hereditatis",[15,3888,3889],{},"Sed si hac"," l. §",[15,3892,3534],{},". But if I serve you principally so that you may give me a benefice and secondarily without charge, then I transgress; yet even in this case it suffices for me to make satisfaction to the Creator by penance, as noted at paragraph 3 §",[15,3895,3896],{},"Quid sit",". And according to this distinction, understand [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,3899,3508],{},", according to Goffredus, and certain other laws which are alleged for and against the proposition that I am able to serve: l. fi. de pact. ",[15,3902,3903],{},"Miramur",", D. 59 ",[15,3906,3907],{},"Si officia",", D. 74 ",[15,3910,3534],{},", D. 76 ",[15,3913,3914],{},"In singulis",", C. 8 q. 1 ",[15,3917,3918],{},"Qui episcopatum",", and on the contrary C. 8 q. 1 ",[15,3921,3922],{},"Sunt in ecclesia",", C. 12 q. 2 ",[15,3925,3926],{},"Habebat",". ¶ Or one may distinguish otherwise, according to Goffredus: for either the service is corporeal or spiritual. If it is corporeal and honourable, it does not induce vice, provided no pact intervenes — as if someone should serve his bishop in honourable matters, for instance by going to Rome, by acting as his advocate, by managing his affairs. And this is hinted at in C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3929,3857],{},", where “the gift from service” is said to be service unduly rendered; and you may understand this where one who is worthy and honourable renders the service, as has been said. But if an unworthy person renders it to a worthy one, or a worthy person to an unworthy one, it does not lack the vice of simony. And if the service is spiritual and is rendered by pact, it induces the vice, unless it is annexed to your benefice or to your person, as at [Extra] ",[15,3932,3625],{},[15,3934,3935],{},"Significatum",", according to Goffredus, and unless [the case of] [Extra] eodem [titulo], vers. ",[15,3938,3939],{},"Et sunt haec",", [applies]. ¶ But “the gift from the hand” always induces simony, unless it be so small that it ought not to move the mind of the giver, taking into account the quality of the persons, the cause, and the time. Hence sometimes a horse given does not induce simony, much less an electuary or wine or other things of small price, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,3942,3943],{},"Ex tue",[15,3945,3946],{},"Sic et pro modico","; and if there are ques-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":3949},[],"a preceding pact in either case. Hence if I promise you a church so that you may further my business in the Roman curia, it is simoniacal, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] Cum essent. But it is otherwise if I serve you, led by this hope as a secondary motive, namely that you do me a favour, but principally I serve you freely. That is to say, if I principally serve you freely, expecting a benefice from you as a secondary thing, I do not transgress, by argument from l. fi. de pact. Quod proderit and ff. de petitione hereditatis, Sed si hac l. §Consuluit. But if I serve you principally so that you may give me a benefice and secondarily without charge, then I transgress; yet even in this case it suffices for me to make satisfaction to the Creator by penance, as noted at paragraph 3 §Quid sit. And according to this distinction, understand [Extra] eodem [titulo], Tua nos, according to Goffredus, and certain other laws which are alleged for and against the proposition that I am able to serve: l. fi. de pact. Miramur, D. 59 Si officia, D. 74 Consuluit, D. 76 In singulis, C. 8 q. 1 Qui episcopatum, and on the contrary C. 8 q. 1 Sunt in ecclesia, C. 12 q. 2 Habebat. ¶ Or one may distinguish otherwise, according to Goffredus: for either the service is corporeal or spiritual. If it is corporeal and honourable, it does not induce vice, provided no pact intervenes — as if someone should serve his bishop in honourable matters, for instance by going to Rome, by acting as his advocate, by managing his affairs. And this is hinted at in C. 1 q. 1 Sunt nonnulli, where “the gift from service” is said to be service unduly rendered; and you may understand this where one who is worthy and honourable renders the service, as has been said. But if an unworthy person renders it to a worthy one, or a worthy person to an unworthy one, it does not lack the vice of simony. And if the service is spiritual and is rendered by pact, it induces the vice, unless it is annexed to your benefice or to your person, as at [Extra] de praebendis, Significatum, according to Goffredus, and unless [the case of] [Extra] eodem [titulo], vers. Et sunt haec, [applies]. ¶ But “the gift from the hand” always induces simony, unless it be so small that it ought not to move the mind of the giver, taking into account the quality of the persons, the cause, and the time. Hence sometimes a horse given does not induce simony, much less an electuary or wine or other things of small price, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] Ex tue, Sic et pro modico; and if there are ques-",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va",{"description":3950},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534va","SqL8Kj9Gy8Zi8BjaZQHqeVJslQmwWbM69H1joCTDxis",{"id":3957,"title":2122,"body":3958,"description":4115,"extension":52,"meta":4116,"navigation":56,"page":2122,"path":4117,"pdf_page":2115,"reading":53,"seo":4118,"sortable_pagination_id":2312,"stem":4119,"__hash__":4120},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb.md",{"type":8,"value":3959,"toc":4113},[3960],[11,3961,3962,3963,161,3965,3967,3968,3971,3972,3975,3976,161,3979,3982,3983,161,3986,3989,3990,3993,3994,3997,3998,4001,4002,4005,4006,4009,4010,4013,4014,161,4016,4019,4020,4023,4024,4027,4028,4031,4032,4035,4036,4039,4040,4042,4043,3655,4045,4048,4049,4052,4053,4056,4057,4059,4060,3771,4063,4066,4067,4070,4071,4074,4075,3655,4078,4081,4082,161,4085,34,4088,4091,4092,4095,4096,161,4099,4102,4103,3771,4106,161,4109,4112],{},"tions, understand it if no pact preceded; otherwise even for six shillings he commits simony, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,3964,3943],{},[15,3966,3946],{}," — and for a small amount he commits theft, at C. 14 q. ult., c. ult. ¶ Say that whatever men do, intention judges all in respect of God, as is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §",[15,3969,3970],{},"Quod sit","; and join [to this] what is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. ",[15,3973,3974],{},"Quaerit de enceniis"," and what follows. Therefore Laurentius said: ¶ “In the giving of gifts attend to these four things: ¶ who gives, who asks, what the thing is, what the cause of the asking.” It is an ancient common proverb: “Not all things, not from all, nor to all.” For it is very inhuman to be willing to receive from no one; but to receive all things and from all is most base, as at ff. ",[15,3977,3978],{},"de officio proconsulis",[15,3980,3981],{},"Solet"," §ult. Therefore it is lawful to accept food and drink which can be consumed within three days, as at ff. ",[15,3984,3985],{},"de officio praesidis",[15,3987,3988],{},"Plebiscito",". ¶ And briefly one must consider what he offers, D. 19 ",[15,3991,3992],{},"Servi",". ¶ Likewise of what sort he offers, D. 49 cap. pen. and ult. ¶ Likewise from whom he offers, by argument from C. 3 q. 7 ",[15,3995,3996],{},"In gradibus",". ¶ Likewise for what he offers, C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,3999,4000],{},"Dictum est"," 2. ¶ Likewise before he offers, ",[15,4003,4004],{},"de consecratione"," D. 1 ",[15,4007,4008],{},"Quod dixerit",". ¶ Likewise with what intention he offers, C. 8 q. 1 ",[15,4011,4012],{},"In scripturis"," and [Extra] ",[15,4015,3810],{},[15,4017,4018],{},"Officii",". ¶ Likewise how much he offers, C. 17 q. 1 ",[15,4021,4022],{},"Ananias",". Whence Seneca [tells of] a certain Cynic, that is, a “ribald reprover” — for “Cynic” comes from ",[15,4025,4026],{},"cynos",", which means “dog,” whence “Cynic,” meaning as it were a “biting” or “doglike” reprover. So a certain such fellow asked of King Antigonus a talent. The king replied that it was more than ought to be given to a Cynic. Then the Cynic asked for a denarius. The king replied that it was less than was fitting for a king to give, and thus he sent him away — though he could have given him a talent as a king, or a denarius as to a Cynic. ¶ In such cases excepted by the law, however, a gift may be received, namely if it is freely offered, at C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,4029,4030],{},"Quicquid invisibilis"," and q. 2 ",[15,4033,4034],{},"Quam pio"," at the end, and cap. ",[15,4037,4038],{},"Placuit",", at [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,4041,3699],{},", and is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §",[15,4044,3896],{},[15,4046,4047],{},"In his ergo",". Likewise where those things concur which are noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. ",[15,4050,4051],{},"Sed minus"," and what follows. Likewise for spiritual works, as where one is not bound by office to do this, C. 12 q. 2 ",[15,4054,4055],{},"Caritate"," — which, say, as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. ",[15,4058,3939],{},". ¶ Likewise when alms are given for eternal life and for the remission of sins, which are to be redeemed by alms, C. 12 q. 2 ",[15,4061,4062],{},"Animae",[15,4064,4065],{},"de testamentis",", cap. fi., C. 1 q. 1 ",[15,4068,4069],{},"Ipsi sacerdotes",". ¶ Likewise to redeem oneself from vexation, [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,4072,4073],{},"Dilectus","; which, say, as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] sub §",[15,4076,4077],{},"Lingua",[15,4079,4080],{},"Sed nunquid licet",". ¶ The sixth case is in visitations, [Extra] ",[15,4083,4084],{},"de censibus",[15,4086,4087],{},"Cum apostolus",[15,4089,4090],{},"Consecrationibus",", [Extra] eodem [titulo] ",[15,4093,4094],{},"Cum sit Romana"," — for these expenses the visitor or consecrator may receive payment, because he is not bound to serve at his own expense, [Extra] ",[15,4097,4098],{},"de praescriptionibus",[15,4100,4101],{},"Cum ex officii",". And so he does not sin, because he who sins does not do this by authority of the law, C. 23 q. 4 ",[15,4104,4105],{},"Qui peccat",[15,4107,4108],{},"de privilegiis",[15,4110,4111],{},"Ut privilegia",", where with the pope’s licence [Mass] is celebrated without sin in a church under interdict. It is therefore lawful for the consecrator to receive procuration, and thus to con-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4114},[],"tions, understand it if no pact preceded; otherwise even for six shillings he commits simony, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo] Ex tue, Sic et pro modico — and for a small amount he commits theft, at C. 14 q. ult., c. ult. ¶ Say that whatever men do, intention judges all in respect of God, as is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §Quod sit; and join [to this] what is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. Quaerit de enceniis and what follows. Therefore Laurentius said: ¶ “In the giving of gifts attend to these four things: ¶ who gives, who asks, what the thing is, what the cause of the asking.” It is an ancient common proverb: “Not all things, not from all, nor to all.” For it is very inhuman to be willing to receive from no one; but to receive all things and from all is most base, as at ff. de officio proconsulis, Solet §ult. Therefore it is lawful to accept food and drink which can be consumed within three days, as at ff. de officio praesidis, Plebiscito. ¶ And briefly one must consider what he offers, D. 19 Servi. ¶ Likewise of what sort he offers, D. 49 cap. pen. and ult. ¶ Likewise from whom he offers, by argument from C. 3 q. 7 In gradibus. ¶ Likewise for what he offers, C. 1 q. 1 Dictum est 2. ¶ Likewise before he offers, de consecratione D. 1 Quod dixerit. ¶ Likewise with what intention he offers, C. 8 q. 1 In scripturis and [Extra] de electione, Officii. ¶ Likewise how much he offers, C. 17 q. 1 Ananias. Whence Seneca [tells of] a certain Cynic, that is, a “ribald reprover” — for “Cynic” comes from cynos, which means “dog,” whence “Cynic,” meaning as it were a “biting” or “doglike” reprover. So a certain such fellow asked of King Antigonus a talent. The king replied that it was more than ought to be given to a Cynic. Then the Cynic asked for a denarius. The king replied that it was less than was fitting for a king to give, and thus he sent him away — though he could have given him a talent as a king, or a denarius as to a Cynic. ¶ In such cases excepted by the law, however, a gift may be received, namely if it is freely offered, at C. 1 q. 1 Quicquid invisibilis and q. 2 Quam pio at the end, and cap. Placuit, at [Extra] eodem [titulo] Dilectus filius, and is noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] §Quid sit, vers. In his ergo. Likewise where those things concur which are noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. Sed minus and what follows. Likewise for spiritual works, as where one is not bound by office to do this, C. 12 q. 2 Caritate — which, say, as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] vers. Et sunt haec. ¶ Likewise when alms are given for eternal life and for the remission of sins, which are to be redeemed by alms, C. 12 q. 2 Animae, [Extra] de testamentis, cap. fi., C. 1 q. 1 Ipsi sacerdotes. ¶ Likewise to redeem oneself from vexation, [Extra] eodem [titulo] Dilectus; which, say, as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo] sub §Lingua, vers. Sed nunquid licet. ¶ The sixth case is in visitations, [Extra] de censibus, Cum apostolus and Consecrationibus, [Extra] eodem [titulo] Cum sit Romana — for these expenses the visitor or consecrator may receive payment, because he is not bound to serve at his own expense, [Extra] de praescriptionibus, Cum ex officii. And so he does not sin, because he who sins does not do this by authority of the law, C. 23 q. 4 Qui peccat, [Extra] de privilegiis, Ut privilegia, where with the pope’s licence [Mass] is celebrated without sin in a church under interdict. It is therefore lawful for the consecrator to receive procuration, and thus to con-",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb",{"description":4115},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F534vb","hdQqPDK9rYhP3tQ6-hbIix3BkcANGh5Cyk0TlIN9SqM",{"id":4122,"title":2317,"body":4123,"description":4338,"extension":52,"meta":4339,"navigation":56,"page":2317,"path":4340,"pdf_page":2375,"reading":53,"seo":4341,"sortable_pagination_id":2377,"stem":4342,"__hash__":4343},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra.md",{"type":8,"value":4124,"toc":4330},[4125,4138,4142,4148,4152,4209,4213,4260,4264,4282,4286,4310,4314],[11,4126,4127,4128,161,4131,4134,4135,3525],{},"to consecrate [a church]; and nonetheless he seems to do this gratis, as in ",[15,4129,4130],{},"de vita et honestate clericorum",[15,4132,4133],{},"cum ab omni","; C. 4 q. 3, verbum ",[15,4136,4137],{},"item venturis",[1781,4139,4141],{"id":4140},"yet-do-not-understand","Yet do not understand",[11,4143,4144,4145,3525],{},"Yet do not understand that he may demand anything for the act of consecration itself; otherwise it would be contrary to C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,4146,4147],{},"statuimus",[1781,4149,4151],{"id":4150},"but-for-the-labour","But for the labour",[11,4153,4154,4155,4158,4159,161,4161,4164,4165,4168,4169,4172,4173,4176,4177,161,4179,4182,4183,161,4186,4189,4190,161,4193,4196,4197,161,4200,4189,4203,161,4206,3525],{},"But for the labour of the journey [something may be received]: C. 12 q. [2], ",[15,4156,4157],{},"charitatem",". And for the labour itself something can be received even if the church lies within the city: ",[15,4160,4084],{},[15,4162,4163],{},"venerabili",". For although the bishop labours more in going to the said [outlying] church, he also labours in going to a church within the city — so Goffredus. But since such labour is a spiritual one which the prelate is bound of necessity to undertake and which is enjoined upon him by his office, it is better to say that custom gives this right: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4166,4167],{},"ad apostolicam","; and because it is equitable that he who sows spiritual things should reap temporal things, as is shown by many examples in C. 13 q. 1 §. ",[15,4170,4171],{},"quia ergo",". Indeed this occurs by reason of harmony [",[15,4174,4175],{},"converitatis","], as in ",[15,4178,4084],{},[15,4180,4181],{},"cum venerabilis",". Whence, just as the visitation itself [cannot be prescribed against], so neither can the procuration due by reason of the visitation be prescribed against: ",[15,4184,4185],{},"de prescriptionibus",[15,4187,4188],{},"cum ex officio"," §. ",[15,4191,4192],{},"nos igitur",[15,4194,4195],{},"ad hoc","; [Extra] ",[15,4198,4199],{},"de concessione prebende non vacantis",[15,4201,4202],{},"postulastis",[15,4204,4205],{},"de consti",[15,4207,4208],{},"translato",[1781,4210,4212],{"id":4211},"and-these-things-are-an-argument","And these things are an argument",[11,4214,4215,4216,4219,4220,4223,4224,4226,4227,4230,4231,4234,4235,4238,4239,4242,4243,4245,4246,4249,4250,4252,4253,4255,4256,4259],{},"And these things are an argument that a priest may hire out his labours if he has no other means of living: D. 91 cc. 1, 2, and 3; C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,4217,4218],{},"iudices","; C. 1 q. 2, cc. penult. and ult.; C. 10 q. 2, ",[15,4221,4222],{},"relatum","; C. 12 q. 2, ",[15,4225,4157],{},", c. ",[15,4228,4229],{},"quicunque",", and c. ",[15,4232,4233],{},"ecclesiasticis","; and the argument ",[15,4236,4237],{},"optimum"," at C. 12 q. 1, ",[15,4240,4241],{},"illi qui","; [Extra] tit. 1 c. fin. But let him take care that his principal intention is directed not to the money but to obtaining remission or pardon. If, however, the priest is dispensed and instituted to a church, such a one ought to receive nothing by pact even on the pretext of expenses: ",[15,4244,4004],{}," D. 1, c. ",[15,4247,4248],{},"sufficit",". Yet the parishioners are to be compelled to pay what laudable custom has introduced: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4251,4167],{}," at the end. And so oblations are to be given: C. 16 q. 1, ",[15,4254,4147],{},"; C. 32 q. 2, ",[15,4257,4258],{},"propter hoc"," at the end.",[1781,4261,4263],{"id":4262},"what-if-the-oblations-do-not-suffice","What if the oblations do not suffice",[11,4265,4266,4267,4189,4270,4273,4274,4277,4278,4281],{},"What if the oblations do not suffice? Say as noted at [Extra] ",[15,4268,4269],{},"de parochiis",[15,4271,4272],{},"in quibus"," sub §. ",[15,4275,4276],{},"hic tamen sciendum",", verse ",[15,4279,4280],{},"vel nisi sacerdotes"," and following.",[1781,4283,4285],{"id":4284},"what-if-a-clerk-hired-for-a-price","What if a clerk hired for a price",[11,4287,4288,4289,161,4292,4295,4296,161,4299,4302,4303,161,4306,4309],{},"What if a clerk, hired for a price, keeps vigil with the deceased and recites the psalter? I answer: if he made the pact thus — “for six pence I will read the psalter” — it is simony. But if he said this — “for six pence I will keep vigil with the deceased tonight” — it is not simony, since it is tacitly implied that he ought to read. The argument is in ",[15,4290,4291],{},"de clericis",[15,4293,4294],{},"significasti"," at the end; ",[15,4297,4298],{},"de prebendis",[15,4300,4301],{},"significatum","; and ",[15,4304,4305],{},"ff. de heredibus instituendis",[15,4307,4308],{},"si quis sempronium",". And thus he can sell labour which he is not bound to undertake of necessity or by his office — provided it is not spiritual.",[1781,4311,4313],{"id":4312},"nevertheless-although-ecclesiastical-sacred-things","Nevertheless, although ecclesiastical sacred things",[11,4315,4316,4317,4226,4320,4226,4323,4230,4326,4329],{},"Nevertheless, although ecclesiastical sacred things must be conferred gratis — nor ought anything to be received for burials or the funeral rites of the dead, or for the blessings of those marrying, or for other ecclesiastical sacraments or blessings to be conferred, nor for chrism nor for oil, even though the name be changed — as in [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4318,4319],{},"cum ecclesie",[15,4321,4322],{},"ea que",[15,4324,4325],{},"ad nostram",[15,4327,4328],{},"suam",",",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4331},[4332,4333,4334,4335,4336,4337],{"id":4140,"depth":48,"text":4141},{"id":4150,"depth":48,"text":4151},{"id":4211,"depth":48,"text":4212},{"id":4262,"depth":48,"text":4263},{"id":4284,"depth":48,"text":4285},{"id":4312,"depth":48,"text":4313},"to consecrate [a church]; and nonetheless he seems to do this gratis, as in de vita et honestate clericorum, cum ab omni; C. 4 q. 3, verbum item venturis.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra",{"description":4338},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535ra","JPqMXZYweo41DhTWJMZses2L9botOEHGka0eGZaA8nk",{"id":4345,"title":2382,"body":4346,"description":4435,"extension":52,"meta":4436,"navigation":56,"page":2382,"path":4437,"pdf_page":2375,"reading":53,"seo":4438,"sortable_pagination_id":2417,"stem":4439,"__hash__":4440},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb.md",{"type":8,"value":4347,"toc":4430},[4348,4369,4373,4404,4408,4420,4424],[11,4349,4350,4351,4354,4355,4358,4359,4362,4363,4189,4366,3525],{},"and c. ",[15,4352,4353],{},"in tantum"," — nevertheless it is commanded that laudable customs be observed: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4356,4357],{},"quod iij. quesitum","; D. 18, ",[15,4360,4361],{},"de eulogiis","; in the Authentic ",[15,4364,4365],{},"de sanctissimis episcopis",[15,4367,4368],{},"pro consuetudinibus",[1781,4370,4372],{"id":4371},"but-on-the-contrary-that-no-custom-avails","But on the contrary, that no custom avails",[11,4374,4375,4376,4379,4380,4382,4383,4386,4387,4189,4390,4277,4393,4396,4397,4400,4401,3525],{},"But on the contrary, that no custom avails: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4377,4378],{},"satis"," and c. seq. Nor is anything to be given for a church to be carried in procession, or to be consecrated, or for an abbot or abbess to be installed in his see; nor for the investiture of a church is the archdeacon to demand a mark of silver, nor the archpriest a white cow, nor any quantity of money. Nor for the consecrations of bishops, the blessings of abbots, or the ordinations of clerks, although by corrupt usage it has been fixed how much is to be given to this one or that — as some do who wish to have kettles or bowls and napkins: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4381,4353],{}," and c. ",[15,4384,4385],{},"sicut",". And for refreshment too nothing ought to be demanded, as I said in [the section] ",[15,4388,4389],{},"de eodem",[15,4391,4392],{},"quid sit",[15,4394,4395],{},"item et ecclesia","; and it is proved in [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4398,4399],{},"veniens",". Whence neither is the prebend to be withheld from a canon newly received on the grounds that he refuses to give the dinner which the newly received canons have customarily given: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4402,4403],{},"Iacobus",[1781,4405,4407],{"id":4406},"resolution-nothing-is-to-be-received-by-pact","Resolution: nothing is to be received by pact",[11,4409,4410,4411,4277,4413,4416,4417,3525],{},"By pact nothing is to be received on the pretext of any custom; but if it be freely offered, it may be received: as noted above §. ",[15,4412,4392],{},[15,4414,4415],{},"in his ergo",", and C. 1 q. 2, ",[15,4418,4419],{},"sicut episcopum",[1781,4421,4423],{"id":4422},"or-better","Or better",[11,4425,4426,4427,4429],{},"Or better: either clerks demand from laity on the pretext of custom — and then the clerks ought not to retain a spiritual pledge; rather, they ought to bury or give blessings gratis, and afterwards, the truth being known, the laity will be compelled by the bishop of the place to observe the laudable custom introduced by the pious devotion of the faithful toward the church, mother of God: as in c. ",[15,4428,4167],{},". Or clerks demand from clerks — and then if the clerks demanding seek something in which their own private utility is concerned (for instance, food or a banquet, because their belly is their god, or any sum of money which you wish to turn to their own uses), it is not to",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4431},[4432,4433,4434],{"id":4371,"depth":48,"text":4372},{"id":4406,"depth":48,"text":4407},{"id":4422,"depth":48,"text":4423},"and c. in tantum — nevertheless it is commanded that laudable customs be observed: [Extra] eodem, quod iij. quesitum; D. 18, de eulogiis; in the Authentic de sanctissimis episcopis §. pro consuetudinibus.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb",{"description":4435},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535rb","sU207ObszL0yPX_1KQQ81yRFzkLQhNLSG2838i3hveY",{"id":4442,"title":2422,"body":4443,"description":4575,"extension":52,"meta":4576,"navigation":56,"page":2422,"path":4577,"pdf_page":1332,"reading":53,"seo":4578,"sortable_pagination_id":2473,"stem":4579,"__hash__":4580},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va.md",{"type":8,"value":4444,"toc":4568},[4445,4453,4457,4483,4487,4525,4529,4548,4552,4561,4565],[11,4446,4447,4448,4277,4450,3525],{},"be tolerated, as in the agreements which I noted in [the section] ",[15,4449,4389],{},[15,4451,4452],{},"sed contra",[1781,4454,4456],{"id":4455},"what-then-if-by-custom","What then if by custom",[11,4458,4459,4460,161,4462,4464,4465,4468,4469,4226,4471,4474,4475,4477,4478,161,4480,3525],{},"What then if by custom a canon newly received ought to make a cope or give a fixed sum of money for the fabric of the church, or for the lights, or for other things which pertain only to divine worship? I say the custom is to be observed as laudable: argument from [Extra] ",[15,4461,4298],{},[15,4463,4301],{},"; ",[15,4466,4467],{},"de his que fiunt a maiore parte capituli",", c. fin.; ",[15,4470,4065],{},[15,4472,4473],{},"officii",", c. ult.; and [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4476,4167],{},". Yet the prebend is not to be retained as a pledge: argument of the same decretal. Or say that it can well be retained, if the custom is that the prebend is not assigned until he has made the cope. For in this case God can demand something spiritual from the clerk made canon, so that in this way a kind of exchange of spiritual for spiritual takes place: as in [Extra] ",[15,4479,3716],{},[15,4481,4482],{},"ad questiones",[1781,4484,4486],{"id":4485},"and-so-in-this-exaction","And so in this exaction",[11,4488,4489,4490,161,4493,4226,4496,4230,4499,4502,4503,4506,4507,161,4509,4302,4511,161,4513,4516,4517,4519,4520,161,4522,3525],{},"And so in this exaction only the private utility of the canons is condemned, not the public: argument from [Extra] ",[15,4491,4492],{},"de constitutionibus",[15,4494,4495],{},"cum omnes",[15,4497,4498],{},"cum M.",[15,4500,4501],{},"ex parte",". For avarice is feared — whence even clerks do not demand tithes from clerks: [Extra] ",[15,4504,4505],{},"de decimis"," cc. 1 and 2; ",[15,4508,4084],{},[15,4510,4322],{},[15,4512,4298],{},[15,4514,4515],{},"avaritie",". To laymen, however, grace is to be conferred gratis: as in [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4518,4353],{}," §. 1, and [Extra] ",[15,4521,3789],{},[15,4523,4524],{},"prohibemus",[1781,4526,4528],{"id":4527},"what-about-those-who-have-separate-cemeteries","What about those who have separate cemeteries",[11,4530,4531,4532,4382,4535,4537,4538,161,4541,4544,4545,3525],{},"What about those who have separate cemeteries — one into which no one enters unless he be a canon or brother, and another common one — and it is fixed for how much a stranger can be reckoned a brother, that is, for how much he can be buried in the brothers’ cemetery? I say this is simoniacal: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4533,4534],{},"audivimus",[15,4536,4385],{},". For nothing ought to be received for the ground: as in [Extra] ",[15,4539,4540],{},"de sepulturis",[15,4542,4543],{},"obolende","; nor for the office: as has been said above, verse ",[15,4546,4547],{},"in casibus",[1781,4549,4551],{"id":4550},"what-if-the-greater-cross-is-not-carried","What if the greater cross is not carried",[11,4553,4554,4555,4557,4558,4259],{},"What if the greater cross is not carried unless a fixed price is had? This is without doubt simoniacal, and is the appearance of evil and a sign of avarice, therefore to be condemned: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4556,4534],{},", and note above, verse ",[15,4559,4560],{},"quid ergo",[1781,4562,4564],{"id":4563},"what-about-those-who-make-a-pact-for-the-redemption-of-the-bier","What about those who make a pact for the redemption of the bier",[11,4566,4567],{},"What about those who make a pact for the redemption of the bier, that for a fixed price, before",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4569},[4570,4571,4572,4573,4574],{"id":4455,"depth":48,"text":4456},{"id":4485,"depth":48,"text":4486},{"id":4527,"depth":48,"text":4528},{"id":4550,"depth":48,"text":4551},{"id":4563,"depth":48,"text":4564},"be tolerated, as in the agreements which I noted in [the section] de eodem, verse sed contra.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va",{"description":4575},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535va","icSs0_8f8H1Bt1ZPF4iRygSjrQGs62VJuRSMXeFVLAQ",{"id":4582,"title":2478,"body":4583,"description":4587,"extension":52,"meta":4714,"navigation":56,"page":2478,"path":4715,"pdf_page":1332,"reading":53,"seo":4716,"sortable_pagination_id":2545,"stem":4717,"__hash__":4718},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb.md",{"type":8,"value":4584,"toc":4704},[4585,4588,4592,4598,4602,4607,4611,4623,4627,4639,4643,4649,4657,4693,4697],[11,4586,4587],{},"the body is carried to the church, certainly both the bier and the pall are of equal value? Therefore they can be sold, redeemed, donated, and exchanged, both at the outset and after the fact.",[1781,4589,4591],{"id":4590},"what-if-the-clerks-refuse-to-bury-the-body","What if the clerks refuse to bury the body",[11,4593,4594,4595,4597],{},"What if the clerks refuse to bury the body unless a pact for the return of the bier is first interposed? This is the appearance of evil, since a pact is made of the temporal for the spiritual: [Extra] ",[15,4596,3716],{},", c. ult.",[1781,4599,4601],{"id":4600},"what-if-after-the-body-is-carried","What if, after the body is carried",[11,4603,4604,4605,3525],{},"What if, after the body has been carried to the church, the clerks wish to recover the bier, even by violently carrying it off to their own house? I answer: nonetheless the body must be buried gratis and with honour. But since the general or quasi-general custom of the church is that the bier be retained by the clerks, the friends [of the deceased] can be compelled by ecclesiastical censure to restore the bier, because such a custom is laudable. In this case or one like it can be understood [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4606,4167],{},[1781,4608,4610],{"id":4609},"what-if-the-custom-is","What if the custom is",[11,4612,4613,4614,161,4616,4302,4619,4622],{},"What if the custom is that the priest ought to have the garments which the dead man was wearing at the time of death — as in the castle of Clariacum in the diocese of Vienne? I say that he is to be buried gratis and the layman to be coerced, namely the heir or him who possesses [the garments], to render the clothing: as in the next decretal, by whose authority I judged these things when I was with the lord Iohannes, archpriest of Vienne, then legate of the Apostolic See, who also approves these same things. But the priest ought not to retain as a pledge the funeral rites, which must be conferred gratis even to one to whom he was otherwise obliged: as in [Extra] ",[15,4615,4540],{},[15,4617,4618],{},"parochiano",[15,4620,4621],{},"de natis ex libero",", c. unico.",[1781,4624,4626],{"id":4625},"what-if-the-custom-is-that-one-marrying","What if the custom is that one marrying",[11,4628,4629,4630,4632,4633,4635,4636,3525],{},"What if the custom is that one marrying who receives the blessing should give six pence or five shillings? I judge this the same way: that the blessing be conferred gratis, and afterwards he be compelled to pay through ecclesiastical censure — not on the occasion of a written document, which the layman does not request, as is done at Brasle, who, just as he ought not to sell his hand, so neither his pen: as in c. [",[15,4631,4385],{},"] and C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,4634,4419],{},". It is perhaps otherwise if those marrying wish to have a document and request it from a lay notary, or even a clerk who is not bound to render the service from his own resources: et q. ",[15,4637,4638],{},"et precarie",[1781,4640,4642],{"id":4641},"what-if-a-priest-refused-to-baptize","What if a priest refused to baptize",[11,4644,4645,4646,4648],{},"What if a priest refused to baptize an infant unless a candle or one penny were first paid, alleging custom on this matter — as is done at Vapincum [Gap]? I corrected the priests on this point, because he must baptize gratis and afterwards compel the godfather to pay what pious laudable custom has introduced: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,4647,4167],{},". Thus this decretal is as it were the centre of this title, and in this manner it resolves countless questions.",[1781,4650,4652,4653,4656],{"id":4651},"concerning-gifts-encenia","Concerning gifts [",[15,4654,4655],{},"encenia","]",[11,4658,4659,4660,4662,4663,161,4666,4189,4669,4672,4673,161,4676,4679,4680,4682,4683,4686,4687,4689,4690,3525],{},"It is asked concerning gifts [",[15,4661,4655],{},"] whether they induce simony, and it seems that they do not, provided the number is not large in quantity: ",[15,4664,4665],{},"ff. de officio proconsulis",[15,4667,4668],{},"solet",[15,4670,4671],{},"non ante"," and §. fin. For he may lawfully receive food and drink which can be presumed to be consumed within three days: ",[15,4674,4675],{},"ff. de officio presidis",[15,4677,4678],{},"plebiscito",". Yet these too — even the prophets — used to offer alms; rather were the gifts of the tabernacle esteemed greater [than those] of the prophet: C. 4 q. 4, ",[15,4681,4218],{},". According to Goffredus, say as noted in [Extra] eodem, verse ",[15,4684,4685],{},"sed mun.",", and in [Extra] ",[15,4688,4084],{}," §. fin., verse ",[15,4691,4692],{},"hodie vero",[1781,4694,4696],{"id":4695},"and-is-simony-committed-for-a-small-amount","And is simony committed for a small amount",[11,4698,4699,4700,4703],{},"And is simony committed for a small amount? Yes: for thirty shillings will induce it: [Extra] eodem, c. ",[15,4701,4702],{},"venies",". And see",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4705},[4706,4707,4708,4709,4710,4711,4713],{"id":4590,"depth":48,"text":4591},{"id":4600,"depth":48,"text":4601},{"id":4609,"depth":48,"text":4610},{"id":4625,"depth":48,"text":4626},{"id":4641,"depth":48,"text":4642},{"id":4651,"depth":48,"text":4712},"Concerning gifts [encenia]",{"id":4695,"depth":48,"text":4696},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb",{"description":4587},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F535vb","c0E4CM8BhGuuEJmRiPC6ey4JgyPokOvmPQ1hmWd70AE",{"id":4720,"title":2550,"body":4721,"description":4883,"extension":52,"meta":4884,"navigation":56,"page":2550,"path":4885,"pdf_page":2638,"reading":53,"seo":4886,"sortable_pagination_id":2640,"stem":4887,"__hash__":4888},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra.md",{"type":8,"value":4722,"toc":4876},[4723,4760,4764,4793,4797,4818,4822,4844,4852],[11,4724,4725,4726,34,4729,4732,4733,34,4736,4739,4740,4743,4744,4747,4748,4750,4751,4753,4754,4756,4757],{},"thus, ",[15,4727,4728],{},"ex tuc.",[15,4730,4731],{},"dnq oboli. s.q.s. iudices."," another reading begins ",[15,4734,4735],{},"duces",[15,4737,4738],{},"tremissis. s.q.s. placuit vt nullus."," Of the coin: 6 and either a ",[15,4741,4742],{},"tremissis",", the third part of a ",[15,4745,4746],{},"solidus"," — so called because the ",[15,4749,4742],{}," makes up the ",[15,4752,4746],{},", according to Isidorus. Concerning this ",[15,4755,4742],{},", see ",[15,4758,4759],{},"C. de veste mili. l. fortissimus li. x.",[1781,4761,4763],{"id":4762},"likewise-the-simoniac-is-compared-to-a-thief","Likewise the simoniac is compared to a thief",[11,4765,4766,4769,4770,4773,4774,4777,4778,4781,4782,4785,4786,4789,4790,4281],{},[15,4767,4768],{},"s.q.s. ordinationes",", and in theft no distinction is made as to quantity. ",[15,4771,4772],{},"xiiii.q.vi.c.fi."," Likewise simony is compared to the crime of usury, since both are committed by intention alone, as noted ",[15,4775,4776],{},"s.co.6.qd sit",", and in usury no distinction is made — indeed it is committed even through a small cup of wine or by postponement, for whatever exceeds the principal is usury. ",[15,4779,4780],{},"xiiii.q.iiii pleriqz."," Say [that] whenever something is given by pact, it is simony, and renunciation is necessary. But whenever, without a pact, the intention has been corrupted, it suffices to satisfy one’s Creator through penance, ",[15,4783,4784],{},"j.c.si."," — where, since the corruption of the mind is not established, the circumstances are considered, concerning which you have ",[15,4787,4788],{},"j.co."," and the questions according to Goffredus. Say as noted ",[15,4791,4792],{},"s.e.s. quid sit. s.quat’r.ver.sed munus",[1781,4794,4796],{"id":4795},"likewise-it-is-asked","Likewise it is asked",[11,4798,4799,4800,34,4803,4806,4807,161,4810,4813,4814,4817],{},"whether one commits simony if something is given for a chalice or for vestments or for altar-linens to be blessed. And certain men say no, unless he finds this expressly stated — as is seen in the case of chrism, baptism, communion, the eucharist, balsam, burial, and the dedication of basilicas. ",[15,4801,4802],{},"s.q.s. dictum",[15,4804,4805],{},"c. placuit. nullus",", and ",[15,4808,4809],{},"c. placuit. vt vnusquisqz",[15,4811,4812],{},"j.e. cu i ecclesie."," And Bernardus wrote the same to brother Raymundus. But Goffredus notes [that] in any ecclesiastical mystery whatever simony can be committed, ",[15,4815,4816],{},"j.c.ad nostram",", which I think more true.",[1781,4819,4821],{"id":4820},"but-whether","But whether",[11,4823,4824,4825,4828,4829,4832,4833,4836,4837,4840,4841],{},"he who has acquired a benefice simoniacally is bound for all the fruits he has received and which could have been received. So it is, just as with the thief and robber. ",[15,4826,4827],{},"s.q.s. ordinationes."," And therefore, just as the thief is always in delay and is held liable for damages — ",[15,4830,4831],{},"C.qd me.causa.l.s. C.de condi. fur.l.s. C.de fur.subtracto"," — so also for all the fruits, and as a violent possessor, ",[15,4834,4835],{},"s.de resti.spo.grauis."," For generally one possessing without title is held liable for all losses and for fruits received and to be received. ",[15,4838,4839],{},"ff.de rei ven.si nauis.S.generaliter."," The same holds if he has a title, but such a one as is to be reckoned as no title. ",[15,4842,4843],{},"C. de agri. et censi. queadmodum. ff. quod met.causa. sed et partus.",[1781,4845,4847,4848,4851],{"id":4846},"lingua-caro-etc","“",[15,4849,4850],{},"Lingua caro","” etc.",[11,4853,4854,4855,34,4858,4861,4862,4865,4866,34,4869,4806,4872,4875],{},"That is, carnal entreaties which are feared or which one favors — these induce simony. Yet by these, if one promotes someone to a prelacy by his own prayers, especially when conferred by election, simony is committed. And in this case I understand [that] no man should take honor upon himself, but he who is called by God as Aaron, as ",[15,4856,4857],{},"s.de ele.quat’r. viii.q.j. in scripturis. j.q.vj. sicut is",[15,4859,4860],{},"q.j. ordinationes.c.c. nullus itaqz."," For increases of honor should come to each man not by ambition but by labor, as ",[15,4863,4864],{},"C. de re mili. publica lib. xii."," however worthy he may be, as ",[15,4867,4868],{},"s. de insti.c. vlti.",[15,4870,4871],{},"de iure pa, per nostras",[15,4873,4874],{},"de elec. per inquisitionem."," For a simple benefice, however, one may offer prayers on his own behalf, provided he is worthy,",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4877},[4878,4879,4880,4881],{"id":4762,"depth":48,"text":4763},{"id":4795,"depth":48,"text":4796},{"id":4820,"depth":48,"text":4821},{"id":4846,"depth":48,"text":4882},"“Lingua caro” etc.","thus, ex tuc. and dnq oboli. s.q.s. iudices. another reading begins duces and tremissis. s.q.s. placuit vt nullus. Of the coin: 6 and either a tremissis, the third part of a solidus — so called because the tremissis makes up the solidus, according to Isidorus. Concerning this tremissis, see C. de veste mili. l. fortissimus li. x.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra",{"description":4883},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536ra","DacjDLAHz45WLr2SMw_-Pia8t2oRfjFrm_V5a-FJuzQ",{"id":4890,"title":2645,"body":4891,"description":4999,"extension":52,"meta":5000,"navigation":56,"page":2645,"path":5001,"pdf_page":2638,"reading":53,"seo":5002,"sortable_pagination_id":2713,"stem":5003,"__hash__":5004},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb.md",{"type":8,"value":4892,"toc":4993},[4893,4902,4906,4950,4954,4967,4971,4980,4984],[11,4894,4895,4896,34,4899],{},"as ",[15,4897,4898],{},"j.co.tua nos. §.j. In princ.",[15,4900,4901],{},"de cle. excom. mini. proposuit.",[1781,4903,4905],{"id":4904},"but-if-by-anothers-prayers","But if by another’s prayers",[11,4907,4908,4909,4912,4913,4916,4917,4806,4920,4923,4924,4806,4927,4930,4931,4934,4935,4938,4939,4942,4943,34,4946,4949],{},"one is promoted, and [those prayers are] spiritual, it does not induce simony. ",[15,4910,4911],{},"ar. xliij. dist. principali. j.q.j. latore."," Unless consanguinity draws them in. ",[15,4914,4915],{},"s.q.s. de ordinationibus."," ",[15,4918,4919],{},"argu. s. de preben. graue",[15,4921,4922],{},"vt bene.ecc.vt nostra."," For unjust love of the heart induces simony. ",[15,4925,4926],{},"j.q.j. si quis neque sanctis",[15,4928,4929],{},"c. sunt nonnulli",", where it is said [that] they take the place of a price. T. et H. ",[15,4932,4933],{},"naturali"," — for since nothing is given etc., he does not lose the simony charge, ",[15,4936,4937],{},"j.q.j. impio."," Which I understand when the kinsman is unworthy; otherwise the prelate is the more strongly bound to provide for him than for a stranger. ",[15,4940,4941],{},"argu. s. de coha. cleri. et mu. c.j."," “Therefore do not despise your blood, that is, one worthy and lawful.” ",[15,4944,4945],{},"j.q.j. filium",[15,4947,4948],{},"c. quibusdam, ad fi."," But the prelates of our time, embracing this too much, today reckon almost nothing worthy except their own blood. Hence Bernardus: “A marvelous thing — bishops have someone to whom they entrust souls; but to whom they may entrust temporal things they do not find. For a bishop will readily entrust many thousands of souls to some little nephew of his, to whom he would not entrust two pears.”",[1781,4951,4953],{"id":4952},"but-if-someone-for-me","But if someone for me",[11,4955,4956,4957,4806,4960,4963,4964],{},"offers or promises prayers or money — when I have expressly forbidden it — it does not harm me. as ",[15,4958,4959],{},"j.e. sicut nobis. §. pe.",[15,4961,4962],{},"de homicidio. pe. trua."," Otherwise if it is done with my knowledge and acquiescence: for then I am said to interpose my disturbed will, and therefore however secretly it may be done I ought to renounce, if I wish to save my soul — mindful of that word, “It profits a man nothing if he gain the whole world and suffer the loss of his own soul.” ",[15,4965,4966],{},"vt.j.c. mattheus.",[1781,4968,4970],{"id":4969},"but-if-this-happens-entirely-without-my-knowledge","But if this happens entirely without my knowledge",[11,4972,4973,4974,34,4977],{},"and by an enemy wishing to impede my promotion, which he hopes [to prevent], I do not lose [the benefice] by simony, as regards myself, lest he should reap from his own deceit what he intends. as ",[15,4975,4976],{},"j.co. sicut nobis. §. pe.",[15,4978,4979],{},"c. nobis fuit. rh.j.",[1781,4981,4983],{"id":4982},"but-if-my-friend-has-given-money","But if my friend has given money",[11,4985,4986,4987,34,4990],{},"I am simoniacally promoted but I am not a simoniac; yet I am bound to renounce. as ",[15,4988,4989],{},"j.c. de simoniace.",[15,4991,4992],{},"c. o regularib[us]",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":4994},[4995,4996,4997,4998],{"id":4904,"depth":48,"text":4905},{"id":4952,"depth":48,"text":4953},{"id":4969,"depth":48,"text":4970},{"id":4982,"depth":48,"text":4983},"as j.co.tua nos. §.j. In princ. and de cle. excom. mini. proposuit.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb",{"description":4999},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536rb","LrfGZF6KmoKuRsl-h-GOX-aoPqIRbBP8CD7Si2g40zs",{"id":5006,"title":2718,"body":5007,"description":5134,"extension":52,"meta":5135,"navigation":56,"page":2718,"path":5136,"pdf_page":2768,"reading":53,"seo":5137,"sortable_pagination_id":2770,"stem":5138,"__hash__":5139},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va.md",{"type":8,"value":5008,"toc":5127},[5009,5015,5019,5035,5039,5048,5052,5061,5065,5082,5086],[11,5010,5011,5012],{},"I shall speak more fully. ",[15,5013,5014],{},"j. e. §. qua pena.",[1781,5016,5018],{"id":5017},"but-if-prayers-are-offered-and-on-account-of-the-prelacy-the-prayers-are-unjust","But if prayers are offered, and on account of the prelacy the prayers are unjust",[11,5020,5021,5022,34,5025,4806,5028,5031,5032],{},"But if prayers are offered, and on account of the prelacy the prayers are unjust — especially when it is a layman whose countenance can be feared — as ",[15,5023,5024],{},"s. de ele. ostis.",[15,5026,5027],{},"c. quisqs",[15,5029,5030],{},"de iure pat. ppterea. xvj. q. vij. si qs deinceps."," Unless perhaps the prelate, with no regard to the prayers, installs him on his own office alone, the necessity or utility of the church demanding it, as ",[15,5033,5034],{},"s. de eta. et qua. tua.",[1781,5036,5038],{"id":5037},"but-where-they-are-offered-for-a-simple-benefice-and-he-for-whom-they-are-offered-is-unworthy","But where they are offered for a simple benefice, and he for whom they are offered is unworthy",[11,5040,5041,5042,34,5045],{},"But where they are offered for a simple benefice, and he for whom they are offered is unworthy, he commits simony. ",[15,5043,5044],{},"f. q. i. de ordinationibus",[15,5046,5047],{},"c. sunt nonulli.",[1781,5049,5051],{"id":5050},"but-if-he-is-worthy-and-the-prayers-do-not-follow-as-the-principal-cause","But if he is worthy and the prayers do not follow as the principal cause",[11,5053,5054,5055,161,5058],{},"But if he is worthy and the prayers do not follow as the principal cause, it is not simony. ",[15,5056,5057],{},"j. q. i. quibusda. ar. ad hoc",[15,5059,5060],{},"s. de eta. et qua. tuaz.",[1781,5062,5064],{"id":5063},"just-as-a-spiritual-right-cannot-be-sold-so-neither-can-it-be-redeemed","Just as a spiritual right cannot be sold, so neither can it be redeemed",[11,5066,5067,5068,5071,5072,5075,5076,34,5079],{},"Just as a spiritual right cannot be sold, so neither can it be redeemed, as ",[15,5069,5070],{},"j. c. querela."," Nor resigned for money, ",[15,5073,5074],{},"j. q. i. nullus eps. ij."," For in all these every transaction and every pact is reproved, as ",[15,5077,5078],{},"s. dixi et probat. ff. de pac. cum pride.",[15,5080,5081],{},"de transactionib super eo. xvj. q. vij.",[1781,5083,5085],{"id":5084},"but-may-i-redeem-a-wrong-done-to-me-without-fear-of-this-crime","But may I redeem a wrong done to me without fear of this crime",[11,5087,5088,5089,4806,5092,5095,5096,34,5099,4806,5102,34,5105,4806,5108,5111,5112,5115,5116,5119,5120,34,5123,5126],{},"But may I redeem a wrong done to me without fear of this crime — suppose a bishop unjustly excommunicates me or threatens to take away a benefice which I unjustly possess; I give him money so that he may revoke the unjust sentence or desist from this wrong, and indeed I lawfully redeem my right although he unlawfully receives [the money]. ",[15,5090,5091],{},"ar. j. q. iij. quesitum. j. de magistris phibeas",[15,5093,5094],{},"de vsur. c. f."," “Let us redeem the time, according to the Apostle, for the days are evil.” ",[15,5097,5098],{},"ar. j. c. ad aures",[15,5100,5101],{},"c. dilectus",[15,5103,5104],{},"j.",[15,5106,5107],{},"C. mandati p diuersas",[15,5109,5110],{},"ff. de bonis coruz q ante Iniam mor. sibi cosci. l. f."," Nor is ",[15,5113,5114],{},"j. co. querela"," an obstacle, where both seem to be prohibited — namely to buy and to redeem — because there [the word] “to redeem” is explained as “to be assigned for money.” Likewise ",[15,5117,5118],{},"j. eod. nemo"," is no obstacle, because there harassment is not redeemed, but absolution is bought, according to Goffredus. Or otherwise, as follows: but if someone is justly excommunicated, or has justly acquired a benefice, here on this account simony is committed. ",[15,5121,5122],{},"argu. j. eodem. f. qd f. nullus epo. ij.",[15,5124,5125],{},"§. preced."," Therefore the redemption of a spiritual thing is permitted to him [who] tru-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5128},[5129,5130,5131,5132,5133],{"id":5017,"depth":48,"text":5018},{"id":5037,"depth":48,"text":5038},{"id":5050,"depth":48,"text":5051},{"id":5063,"depth":48,"text":5064},{"id":5084,"depth":48,"text":5085},"I shall speak more fully. j. e. §. qua pena.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va",{"description":5134},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536va","mtt0rPiW_QzWghY6nTnwOSLbbqEmzb58FzVAxRyvvxI",{"id":5141,"title":2775,"body":5142,"description":5146,"extension":52,"meta":5213,"navigation":56,"page":2775,"path":5214,"pdf_page":2768,"reading":53,"seo":5215,"sortable_pagination_id":2850,"stem":5216,"__hash__":5217},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb.md",{"type":8,"value":5143,"toc":5203},[5144,5147,5151,5154,5158,5161,5165,5168,5172,5175,5179,5182,5186,5189,5193,5196,5200],[11,5145,5146],{},"ly and unjustly [suffers] and redeems. But it is forbidden to the one receiving, and to the one receiving for the cessation of harassment.",[1781,5148,5150],{"id":5149},"what-if-a-judge-will-not-absolve-the-excommunicate","What if a judge will not absolve the excommunicate",[11,5152,5153],{},"What if a judge will not absolve the excommunicate unless he first pays a certain sum of money? Say as noted j. de excel. plā. j. ver. quid si petit rone pluetudinis and the preceding.",[1781,5155,5157],{"id":5156},"it-is-therefore-lawful-for-a-bishop-to-redeem-tithes-from-the-hand-of-laymen","It is therefore lawful for a bishop to redeem tithes from the hand of laymen",[11,5159,5160],{},"It is therefore lawful for a bishop to redeem tithes from the hand of laymen. j. de vsuris. c. f. Which understand if he redeems from a knight; otherwise if he had bought them from neighbors, and those who are bound thereto are willing to pay them — thus notes Ioannes f. q. iij. puenit. But against the express xvj. q. vij. decias. f. q. iij. altare. Whence there were those who said that this is understood when he redeems without the authority of a superior. But with the authority of a superior it is lawful. ar. s. de prbn. nisi essent and c. in lateranesi, and de his que fiunt a pla. cū aplica., and de re. pmu. c. f., and de trasac. statuim. and c. decetero, and c. veniens. ff. de his q no. infe. furti § qui iussu.",[1781,5162,5164],{"id":5163},"others-say-that-bishops-are-forbidden-to-redeem-tithes-from-laymen-for-this-reason","Others say that bishops are forbidden to redeem tithes from laymen for this reason",[11,5166,5167],{},"Others say that bishops are forbidden to redeem tithes from laymen for this reason — lest the layman take it as an example and believe himself to have a right [to them], when in fact he does not, as s. de prscri. cū cām.",[1781,5169,5171],{"id":5170},"that-seems-truer-that-by-the-authority-of-a-superior-this-can-be-done","That seems truer, that by the authority of a superior this can be done",[11,5173,5174],{},"That seems truer, that by the authority of a superior this can be done, so that the cause of bad example may also be avoided. For he is said [to act] on the ground that one detains them from God, who [detains] his own soul — since they are spiritual, and since they cannot even be redeemed unless the superior, by interposing his authority, purges the simony which would otherwise be committed on this occasion. Moreover, because the layman is to be induced through the superior to make restitution to the proper parish and to receive a benefice; for if he is willing to receive money therefor, he commits simony — indeed to such a degree that the superior’s authority could not purge it on his side. And add what is noted s. de deci. § si. sub § ij.",[1781,5176,5178],{"id":5177},"what-if-i-make-a-pact-with-the-presenter","What if I make a pact with the presenter",[11,5180,5181],{},"What if I make a pact with the presenter, that I will not disturb him concerning the title to be obtained — without doubt it is simoniacal. as s. c. p tuas. ij. de hoc. ie. f. § qua pana. sub § p iudicem. ver. sz et eps.",[1781,5183,5185],{"id":5184},"likewise-money-given-or-a-promise-made-for-the-acquiring-of-a-benefice","Likewise, money given or a promise made for the acquiring of a benefice",[11,5187,5188],{},"Likewise, money given or a promise made for the acquiring of a benefice — whether the benefice be secular, or of a secular church, or religious — induces simony, even if given by the parents without the knowledge of the one promoted. as j. c. ex insinuatione, and de regularib. c. sicut nobis. § pe., and c. nobis, and c. tua nos. Which say as noted s. §. j. versi. mihi autē.",[1781,5190,5192],{"id":5191},"and-it-is-also-to-be-noted","And it is also to be noted",[11,5194,5195],{},"And it is also to be noted that, just as a simoniac is one who acquires a spiritual thing by means of money or pact, so too [he is one who] resigns [it thus]. j. co. querelam. s. de testi. veniens. For “to give” is understood as [remitting] whatever is owed to oneself. viij. q. iij. talia. ff. de cal. quin etiam, and ff. de cdi. cā da. silr. Although there is an argument to the contrary: ff. qui. mo. pt. vel. hipo. fol. l. f. § cū debitor. C. ad velleia. etiā. ff. de his que in frau. credi. si pignus.",[1781,5197,5199],{"id":5198},"and-in-the-same-way-it-is-simoniacal-to-reconcile-a-sinner-or-not-to-reconcile-him-for-money","And in the same way it is simoniacal to reconcile a sinner — or not to reconcile him — for money",[11,5201,5202],{},"And in the same way it is simoniacal to reconcile a sinner — or not to reconcile him — for money. j. eodem. nemo, and c. ad aures. Nor be surprised if two contraries come to the same result; for this happens elsewhere also: as if a price is received",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5204},[5205,5206,5207,5208,5209,5210,5211,5212],{"id":5149,"depth":48,"text":5150},{"id":5156,"depth":48,"text":5157},{"id":5163,"depth":48,"text":5164},{"id":5170,"depth":48,"text":5171},{"id":5177,"depth":48,"text":5178},{"id":5184,"depth":48,"text":5185},{"id":5191,"depth":48,"text":5192},{"id":5198,"depth":48,"text":5199},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb",{"description":5146},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F536vb","NRC_PsRQtPvqPgaT3W8cJ1Bobuhgly9erE5_v6CAtuI",{"id":5219,"title":2855,"body":5220,"description":5413,"extension":52,"meta":5414,"navigation":56,"page":2855,"path":5415,"pdf_page":2882,"reading":53,"seo":5416,"sortable_pagination_id":2884,"stem":5417,"__hash__":5418},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra.md",{"type":8,"value":5221,"toc":5410},[5222,5233,5288,5357,5361,5407],[11,5223,5224,5225,5228,5229,5232],{},"[…] should be received for accusing or for giving testimony, or not elected, or not denounced. For all these things are punished by the same law: C. 2 q. 1, ",[15,5226,5227],{},"Prohibent",", and the same follows at C. 1 q. 1 §",[15,5230,5231],{},"Qui autem pecunia",". But there is an objection from cap. 1, C. 1 q. 1: “There are certain men who by violence or favor do not permit churches to be ordered [rightly]; we decree that these are to be judged as sacrilegious.” But say “as sacrilegious,” understanding also “and nonetheless as simoniacs,” according to Goffredus and all the doctors in common — which I understand when violence is brought in by reason of a pact; otherwise I do not think this is to be understood.",[11,5234,5235,5236,161,5239,5242,5243,3771,5246,161,5248,3771,5250,161,5252,5255,5256,5259,5260,161,5262,161,5264,3771,5266,161,5269,3771,5272,161,5274,5276,5277,161,5279,3771,5282,161,5285,3525],{},"¶ † But not every pact induces simony, and therefore not every pact deserves the penalty. For something may even be given afterwards so that an oratory may be built upon it, as at [Extra] ",[15,5237,5238],{},"de restitutione spoliatorum",[15,5240,5241],{},"Olim",", 1; and license to build the oratory itself may be given under a certain pact, as at C. 18 q. 1, ",[15,5244,5245],{},"Eleutherius",[15,5247,3674],{},[15,5249,3677],{},[15,5251,4084],{},[15,5253,5254],{},"Quanto",", by argument from [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5257,5258],{},"Ex insinuatione",". For such pacts are reckoned spiritual, as also is the case at [Extra] ",[15,5261,3625],{},[15,5263,3935],{},[15,5265,3516],{},[15,5267,5268],{},"de servis non ordinandis",[15,5270,5271],{},"Nullus",[15,5273,3810],{},[15,5275,3813],{},", C. 10 q. 1, cap. 1. And in the handing over of one’s own property anyone may attach whatever pact he pleases, as at ff. ",[15,5278,3774],{},[15,5280,5281],{},"In traditionibus",[15,5283,5284],{},"de conditionibus appositis",[15,5286,5287],{},"Veruntamen",[11,5289,5290,5291,4416,5294,5296,5297,5300,5301,5304,5305,161,5307,5309,5310,5313,5314,3771,5317,5320,5321,5324,5325,161,5327,3771,5330,161,5333,3771,5336,161,5338,5341,5342,161,5345,5348,5349,5352,5353,161,5355,3525],{},"¶ But can security ever be exacted before promotion under the vice of simony? Not before, but it may be afterwards, as at C. 8 q. 3, ",[15,5292,5293],{},"Talia",[15,5295,3778],{}," — provided that no pact preceded; otherwise, as at C. 8 q. 3, ",[15,5298,5299],{},"Artaldus",". Afterwards, also, the security is given that is approved by ancient custom, as at D. 63, ",[15,5302,5303],{},"Quare sancta",". Except a superior, who may exact both before confirmation and afterwards the due security, as at [Extra] ",[15,5306,3810],{},[15,5308,3813],{},", D. 23, ",[15,5311,5312],{},"Quacumque",", D. 28, ",[15,5315,5316],{},"De circumcisione",[15,5318,5319],{},"de iureiurando",", c. D., ",[15,5322,5323],{},"Adoptatum",". For the authority of a superior frequently removes [the taint], as at [Extra] ",[15,5326,3774],{},[15,5328,5329],{},"Cum pridem",[15,5331,5332],{},"de transactionibus",[15,5334,5335],{},"Statuimus",[15,5337,3625],{},[15,5339,5340],{},"Nisi essent",", ff. ",[15,5343,5344],{},"de his qui notantur infamia",[15,5346,5347],{},"Furti",", §",[15,5350,5351],{},"Qui iussu",". Yet not before the election or promotion, as by the argument at [Extra] ",[15,5354,3810],{},[15,5356,4018],{},[1781,5358,5360],{"id":5359},"who-is-to-be-admitted-to-the-accusation-of-a-simoniac","Who is to be admitted to the accusation of a simoniac",[11,5362,5363,5364,161,5367,5348,5370,5373,5374,5377,5378,5381,5382,5385,5386,3771,5389,5392,5393,161,5396,5399,5400,5348,5403,5406],{},"Who is to be admitted to the accusation of a simoniac? Indeed, according to Damasus, all persons, even irregular ones — [Extra] ",[15,5365,5366],{},"eodem",[15,5368,5369],{},"Tanta",[15,5371,5372],{},"Si clericus sit male fame",". For since the accusation of simony proceeds in the manner of an accusation of treason [lese-majesty], as at C. 15 q. 3, ",[15,5375,5376],{},"Sane",", C. ",[15,5379,5380],{},"de episcopali audientia",", l. fin., and in the crime of treason criminal clerics are not admitted unless they are of good reputation, as at C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5383,5384],{},"In primis"," — therefore neither in the crime of simony. Yet it is certain that, since the accuser does not prove but the witness does, many are admitted to accuse who are repelled from testimony. And so one must subtly distinguish between accusers and witnesses, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5387,5388],{},"Testimonium beli.",[15,5390,5391],{},"de purgatione"," at the end. Therefore anyone is to be admitted, by argument from [Extra] ",[15,5394,5395],{},"de filiis presbyterorum",[15,5397,5398],{},"Sicut simoniaca",". But on this it has been said fully, as noted at [Extra] ",[15,5401,5402],{},"de accusationibus",[15,5404,5405],{},"Quis accusare",", and the following verse, and especially according to Bernardus.",[11,5408,5409],{},"But to testimony criminal clerics do not seem to be admitted. Regulars, however, are admitted, but provided that those regulars who are defamed are also witnesses amended of their",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5411},[5412],{"id":5359,"depth":48,"text":5360},"[…] should be received for accusing or for giving testimony, or not elected, or not denounced. For all these things are punished by the same law: C. 2 q. 1, Prohibent, and the same follows at C. 1 q. 1 §Qui autem pecunia. But there is an objection from cap. 1, C. 1 q. 1: “There are certain men who by violence or favor do not permit churches to be ordered [rightly]; we decree that these are to be judged as sacrilegious.” But say “as sacrilegious,” understanding also “and nonetheless as simoniacs,” according to Goffredus and all the doctors in common — which I understand when violence is brought in by reason of a pact; otherwise I do not think this is to be understood.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra",{"description":5413},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537ra","w7HKJwMKlUQoUIyDoM5WlUHWY21zy3aXVp3H_rtK3Hg",{"id":5420,"title":2889,"body":5421,"description":5558,"extension":52,"meta":5559,"navigation":56,"page":2889,"path":5560,"pdf_page":2882,"reading":53,"seo":5561,"sortable_pagination_id":2912,"stem":5562,"__hash__":5563},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb.md",{"type":8,"value":5422,"toc":5556},[5423,5486,5494,5504,5524],[11,5424,5425,5426,5428,5429,5431,5432,5434,5435,5438,5439,5441,5442,5445,5446,5449,5450,5452,5453,5456,5457,5459,5460,161,5463,3629,5466,161,5468,5471,5472,161,5474,5476,5477,3707,5479,5348,5482,5485],{},"crime; let proceedings be civil for removal from administration, where there may be objected against the witnesses capital enmity or conspiracies, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5427,3446],{},", according to Damasus. I say that the witnesses, even if criminal, must especially have been amended of the crime, and they must be supported by other corroborations — which I believe necessary when they are criminal and not amended; otherwise, especially when they are not partakers in the crime and testify without bribe out of zeal for justice, and only lesser crimes are objected against them, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5430,3446],{},", rh. 1, fin. ",[15,5433,3464],{},", in the following at the word ",[15,5436,5437],{},"Ceteras",", a regular of inferior grade who is gravely defamed and can easily be removed without scandal is admitted, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5440,3446],{},", rh. fin., at ",[15,5443,5444],{},"Item verum"," and following, and at ",[15,5447,5448],{},"Ille quidem",", when proceedings are civil and under the temperance of equity not to depose from the order but to remove from administration, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5451,3446],{}," and at ",[15,5454,5455],{},"Utrum is",". Therefore such persons are rightly admitted in such a manner, since they are removed for lighter causes, just as the approved custom of certain religious orders requires, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5458,3446],{},", §fin., and [Extra] ",[15,5461,5462],{},"de appellationibus",[15,5464,5465],{},"Quare nos",[15,5467,5402],{},[15,5469,5470],{},"Qualiter",", at the end. Therefore plainly an inquisition concerning regulars must proceed without uproar, since it is not fitting for the servants of God to be entangled in these subtleties. Yet it is true, if they raise such crimes, that those exceptions are to be reserved to them, and that thus no criminal witness — even if supported by corroborations — is admitted, as at [Extra] ",[15,5473,5402],{},[15,5475,5241],{},", 1, 2, and following, [Extra] ",[15,5478,3596],{},[15,5480,5481],{},"Monachi",[15,5483,5484],{},"Priores",". And so I say that the foregoing distinction is to be diligently observed: if even one element fails, I reject the witness. Thus I do not admit criminal persons without corroborations, even in the crime of simony, nor regulars of inferior grade.",[11,5487,5488,5489,5348,5491,3525],{},"¶ Those who testify from zeal for justice but with the goad of malignity I reject as capital enemies and conspirators, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5490,3446],{},[15,5492,5493],{},"Nos vero",[11,5495,5496,5497,5500,5501,3525],{},"¶ Likewise, I reject the aforesaid if proceedings are for deposition from grade, or even if the crime is denounced by someone in order that he be removed from administration, since then proceedings must follow the rigor of law, as noted at [Extra] ",[15,5498,5499],{},"de denuntiatione",", under the title ",[15,5502,5503],{},"De accusationibus",[11,5505,5506,5507,161,5510,5513,5514,161,5517,5520,5521,3525],{},"¶ Likewise, I do not admit them if a secular accuses, or a regular of superior grade — for instance a bishop — or one of inferior grade of good reputation, or one who cannot be removed without scandal. Others say that this decretal is corrected by Binganus at [Extra] ",[15,5508,5509],{},"de testibus",[15,5511,5512],{},"Testimonium",". But I say that those passages are to be understood according to the foregoing distinction. For indeed I reckon it absurd to suppose that lord Innocent would have wished to overturn with one word this decretal — so most equitable and so rational, devised by the many vigils of the lord doctor Innocent, father of the law — as noted at [Extra] ",[15,5515,5516],{},"de clericis excommunicatis",[15,5518,5519],{},"Ecclesia",", 2, §",[15,5522,5523],{},"Denique",[11,5525,5526,5527,161,5529,3747,5532,5377,5535,161,5537,5540,5541,5544,5545,161,5547,5550,5551,5553,5554],{},"¶ Likewise, partakers are not admitted, as at [Extra] ",[15,5528,5509],{},[15,5530,5531],{},"Veniens",[15,5533,5534],{},"Personas",[15,5536,5509],{},[15,5538,5539],{},"Quoniam",", C. 3 q. 4, capp. 1, 2, and 3, C. 2 q. 7, ",[15,5542,5543],{},"Testes",". But on the contrary, [Extra] ",[15,5546,5509],{},[15,5548,5549],{},"Extra mediatores",". But there the talk is of a mediator who is admitted; in ",[15,5552,5531],{},", however, the talk is of one who is a partner and who is rejected. Others say that ",[15,5555,5531],{},{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5557},[],"crime; let proceedings be civil for removal from administration, where there may be objected against the witnesses capital enmity or conspiracies, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas, according to Damasus. I say that the witnesses, even if criminal, must especially have been amended of the crime, and they must be supported by other corroborations — which I believe necessary when they are criminal and not amended; otherwise, especially when they are not partakers in the crime and testify without bribe out of zeal for justice, and only lesser crimes are objected against them, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas, rh. 1, fin. Praeterea, in the following at the word Ceteras, a regular of inferior grade who is gravely defamed and can easily be removed without scandal is admitted, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas, rh. fin., at Item verum and following, and at Ille quidem, when proceedings are civil and under the temperance of equity not to depose from the order but to remove from administration, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas and at Utrum is. Therefore such persons are rightly admitted in such a manner, since they are removed for lighter causes, just as the approved custom of certain religious orders requires, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas, §fin., and [Extra] de appellationibus, Quare nos, and [Extra] de accusationibus, Qualiter, at the end. Therefore plainly an inquisition concerning regulars must proceed without uproar, since it is not fitting for the servants of God to be entangled in these subtleties. Yet it is true, if they raise such crimes, that those exceptions are to be reserved to them, and that thus no criminal witness — even if supported by corroborations — is admitted, as at [Extra] de accusationibus, Olim, 1, 2, and following, [Extra] de statu monachorum, cap. Monachi, §Priores. And so I say that the foregoing distinction is to be diligently observed: if even one element fails, I reject the witness. Thus I do not admit criminal persons without corroborations, even in the crime of simony, nor regulars of inferior grade.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb",{"description":5558},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537rb","KT3wM0htZF-2AKMWXD21T0QFJk5txdnJkNZSHmccsHc",{"id":5565,"title":2917,"body":5566,"description":5679,"extension":52,"meta":5680,"navigation":56,"page":2917,"path":5681,"pdf_page":2959,"reading":53,"seo":5682,"sortable_pagination_id":2961,"stem":5683,"__hash__":5684},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va.md",{"type":8,"value":5567,"toc":5673},[5568,5609,5613,5626,5630,5654,5658,5666,5670],[11,5569,5570,5571,5574,5575,5578,5579,5582,5583,5586,5587,5589,5590,3678,5592,5594,5595,5597,5598,5601,5602,5605,5606,5608],{},"speaks of a partaker of the crime and of the bribe, as I touched on at [Extra] eodem [titulo], at ",[15,5572,5573],{},"Ego","; but [Extra] ",[15,5576,5577],{},"De participe sceleris",", only. But certainly there is still the question of how far even a partaker of the crime is to be admitted, as at D. 79, ",[15,5580,5581],{},"Si quis papa",", C. 15 q. 3, ",[15,5584,5585],{},"Nemini",". Whence some say that he is admitted to accusation, as there, but to testimony, as at ",[15,5588,5531],{},". Others, such as T., say that criminals are not admitted, even in excepted [crimes], unless the accused had previously been of bad reputation, as at C. 2 q. 1, ",[15,5591,5384],{},[15,5593,3446],{},". And see on this what is noted at [Extra] ",[15,5596,5509],{},", 6, ",[15,5599,5600],{},"Quia possit esse testis",", at ",[15,5603,5604],{},"Item in causa communis criminis",". Mediators, however, of simony are simoniacs, as at C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5607,3585],{},", and they are struck with the mark of infamy, as at C. 1 q. 3, cap. fin.",[1781,5610,5612],{"id":5611},"but-how-a-partaker-of-the-crime-may-be-repelled","But how a partaker of the crime may be repelled",[11,5614,5615,5616,161,5619,4806,5622,5625],{},"For if he should say, “You cannot testify against me, because you were my partner in the same crime,” he will thus be condemned as a confessed party, since like a fool he confesses against himself, as at [Extra] ",[15,5617,5618],{},"de donationibus",[15,5620,5621],{},"Inter dilectos",[15,5623,5624],{},"de confessis",", capp. 1 and 2, and C. 2 q. 1, cap. 1.",[1781,5627,5629],{"id":5628},"if-he-should-say-i-did-not-do-what-he-charges-me-with","If he should say, “I did not do what he charges me with,",[11,5631,5632,5633,5635,5636,5639,5640,5643,5644,5647,5648,161,5651,3525],{},"and if I had done it, you cannot be a witness as one laboring under the same vice” — so he lies, and the law does not teach one to lie, as at C. 23 q. 3, ",[15,5634,4105],{},". Yet it teaches that a partner in crime is to be repelled, as at C. ",[15,5637,5638],{},"de liberis",", l. ",[15,5641,5642],{},"Si filium",". But there it is manifest that he was a partaker, since it was said that the father had sold his son to his neighbor; whence to either party an accuser is lacking, because no person so closely joined could allege ignorance, and so the judge can repel him ",[15,5645,5646],{},"ex officio",", since it is notorious, as by argument at [Extra] ",[15,5649,5650],{},"de exceptionibus",[15,5652,5653],{},"Exceptiones",[1781,5655,5657],{"id":5656},"according-to-t","According to T.",[11,5659,5660,5661,161,5663,3525],{},"he may propose thus: “I except against you, because I say that you committed that crime concerning which you wish to accuse me or in which you wish to testify; whence I say that you ought not to be heard, and to show the exception is true I offer myself ready to prove it.” But if the judge does not admit such an exception, that party will appeal, as at [Extra] ",[15,5662,5462],{},[15,5664,5665],{},"Interposita",[1781,5667,5669],{"id":5668},"what-penalty-he-is-to-suffer","What penalty he is to suffer",[11,5671,5672],{},"On this subject Goffredus notes thus: that a simoniac in orders is to be deposed, however this be",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5674},[5675,5676,5677,5678],{"id":5611,"depth":48,"text":5612},{"id":5628,"depth":48,"text":5629},{"id":5656,"depth":48,"text":5657},{"id":5668,"depth":48,"text":5669},"speaks of a partaker of the crime and of the bribe, as I touched on at [Extra] eodem [titulo], at Ego; but [Extra] De participe sceleris, only. But certainly there is still the question of how far even a partaker of the crime is to be admitted, as at D. 79, Si quis papa, C. 15 q. 3, Nemini. Whence some say that he is admitted to accusation, as there, but to testimony, as at Veniens. Others, such as T., say that criminals are not admitted, even in excepted [crimes], unless the accused had previously been of bad reputation, as at C. 2 q. 1, In primis, and [Extra] eodem [titulo], Per tuas. And see on this what is noted at [Extra] de testibus, 6, Quia possit esse testis, at Item in causa communis criminis. Mediators, however, of simony are simoniacs, as at C. 1 q. 1, Si quis episcopus, and they are struck with the mark of infamy, as at C. 1 q. 3, cap. fin.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va",{"description":5679},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537va","HhMOl4sFfG2hyHL02UaOHWF31NQRfL4qu9LMJ-ZGYHs",{"id":5686,"title":2966,"body":5687,"description":5867,"extension":52,"meta":5868,"navigation":56,"page":2966,"path":5869,"pdf_page":2959,"reading":53,"seo":5870,"sortable_pagination_id":3033,"stem":5871,"__hash__":5872},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb.md",{"type":8,"value":5688,"toc":5856},[5689,5713,5717,5733,5740,5756,5760,5767,5771,5777,5781,5808,5812,5819,5826],[11,5690,5691,5692,161,5694,3747,5697,5700,5701,5703,5704,161,5707,5601,5710,3525],{},"established, whether by way of accusation, or of inquisition, or of denunciation, as at [Extra] ",[15,5693,5402],{},[15,5695,5696],{},"Super his",[15,5698,5699],{},"Inquisitionis",", noted at [Extra] ",[15,5702,5402],{},", under the rubric ",[15,5705,5706],{},"De inquisitionibus",[15,5708,5709],{},"Quis sit effectus",[15,5711,5712],{},"Qua inquisitio",[1781,5714,5716],{"id":5715},"a-simoniac-however-established-in-a-benefice-or-dignity-by-accusation","A simoniac, however, established in a benefice or dignity, by accusation",[11,5718,5719,5720,161,5722,5725,5726,5729,5730,3525],{},"is deposed; by inquisition he is removed, as at [Extra] ",[15,5721,3810],{},[15,5723,5724],{},"Per inquisitionem","; and the same by denunciation when that is retained. [Otherwise] true penance could not be done, as at ",[15,5727,5728],{},"Illo"," or D. 12, ",[15,5731,5732],{},"Nervi",[1781,5734,5736,5737],{"id":5735},"and-a-simoniac-in-a-dignity-is-suspended-ipso-iure","And a simoniac in a dignity is suspended ",[15,5738,5739],{},"ipso iure",[11,5741,5742,5743,161,5745,5748,5749,5752,5753,5755],{},"He deceives others, since by administering he accomplishes nothing — by argument from [Extra] ",[15,5744,3810],{},[15,5746,5747],{},"Dudum",". The same for one having a benefice with care of others, since concerning these the same judgment is to be held, as in the first decretal at [Extra] ",[15,5750,5751],{},"de poenis",", by argument from [Extra] ",[15,5754,5395],{},", cap. 1.",[1781,5757,5759],{"id":5758},"in-a-simple-benefice-however-if-it-is-hidden","In a simple benefice, however, if it is hidden",[11,5761,5762,5763,5766],{},"thus he is suspended as to himself, as is anyone constituted in mortal sin; but if notorious, then he is suspended as to himself and as to others, by argument from [Extra] ",[15,5764,5765],{},"de cohabitatione clericorum et mulierum",", cap. fin.",[1781,5768,5770],{"id":5769},"but-if-he-commits-simony-with-regard-to-a-monk","But if he commits simony with regard to a monk",[11,5772,5773,5774],{},"received [into a monastery]: if by way of accusation both the receivers and the received are convicted, they are deposed. But if it is established by inquisition, the received are removed and placed in stricter monasteries to perform penance; on the receivers a penance is enjoined, and until they have performed it they are suspended from the execution of sacred orders, as at [Extra] eodem [titulo], ",[15,5775,5776],{},"Cum dilectus filius A.",[1781,5778,5780],{"id":5779},"but-why-are-receiving-priors-or-abbots-not-removed","But why are receiving priors or abbots not removed",[11,5782,5783,5784,5787,5788,5790,5791,3771,5794,5797,5798,5801,5802,5601,5805,3525],{},"even when convicted by way of inquisition, since this is the ordinary penalty of simoniacs, as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo], at ",[15,5785,5786],{},"De hac materia",", following? I answer: that has its place in simony committed concerning a dignity having administration; it is otherwise if it is committed in conferring benefices or in receiving monks, in which case that decretal ",[15,5789,4073],{}," speaks, as there [the words] ",[15,5792,5793],{},"Multitudo erat in causa",[15,5795,5796],{},"de tempore ordinationum",", cap. 1; or it was not useful for monasteries to remove old prelates, as at [Extra] ",[15,5799,5800],{},"de renuntiatione",", cap. fin. Goffredus on this: say as noted at [Extra] eodem [titulo], 6, ",[15,5803,5804],{},"Sub quo per iudicem",[15,5806,5807],{},"Sed quae est ratio",[1781,5809,5811],{"id":5810},"but-you-if-it-please-note-thus-concerning-the-penalty-of-simoniacs","But you, if it please, note thus concerning the penalty of simoniacs",[11,5813,5814,5815,5818],{},"that simoniacs suffer diverse penalties: for simoniacs suffer a penalty ",[15,5816,5817],{},"ipso facto",". Likewise they are punished by the judge — sometimes for a time, sometimes in perpetuity.",[1781,5820,5822,5825],{"id":5821},"ipso-facto-simoniacs-suffer-a-penalty",[15,5823,5824],{},"Ipso facto"," simoniacs suffer a penalty",[11,5827,5828,5829,3678,5832,5835,5836,5839,5840,5842,5843,3771,5846,161,5848,3771,5850,161,5852,5855],{},"For if anyone has been simoniacally ordained, an inward [force] kills him, as at C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5830,5831],{},"Quibusdam",[15,5833,5834],{},"Accusatus",", R., cap. ",[15,5837,5838],{},"Quoties","; and because [he bears] the mark of theft and thus ",[15,5841,5739],{}," is suspended, therefore from every [liturgical act] any layman may withdraw — understanding, not those cut off from the Church by sentence of the judge or of the canon; thus the objection concerning the excommunicated and the suspended is removed, since such a one is excluded from participation in sacred things, as at C. 3 q. 4, ",[15,5844,5845],{},"Engeltrudam",[15,5847,5650],{},[15,5849,3746],{},[15,5851,5516],{},[15,5853,5854],{},"Si celebrat toleratus et penitens",". And thus the objection is not valid that is wont to be raised about one constituted in mortal sin, that he is suspended as to himself, as follows — which has its place in enormous and hidden [sins] and not in mediocre notorious ones.",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":5857},[5858,5859,5861,5862,5863,5864,5865],{"id":5715,"depth":48,"text":5716},{"id":5735,"depth":48,"text":5860},"And a simoniac in a dignity is suspended ipso iure",{"id":5758,"depth":48,"text":5759},{"id":5769,"depth":48,"text":5770},{"id":5779,"depth":48,"text":5780},{"id":5810,"depth":48,"text":5811},{"id":5821,"depth":48,"text":5866},"Ipso facto simoniacs suffer a penalty","established, whether by way of accusation, or of inquisition, or of denunciation, as at [Extra] de accusationibus, Super his, and cap. Inquisitionis, noted at [Extra] de accusationibus, under the rubric De inquisitionibus, Quis sit effectus, at Qua inquisitio.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb",{"description":5867},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F537vb","3WGSLnYx2nqEg88UWed4_b3LhBWaCXieRKhSxvvBdoQ",{"id":5874,"title":3038,"body":5875,"description":6076,"extension":52,"meta":6077,"navigation":56,"page":3038,"path":6078,"pdf_page":3088,"reading":53,"seo":6079,"sortable_pagination_id":3090,"stem":6080,"__hash__":6081},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra.md",{"type":8,"value":5876,"toc":6069},[5877,5912,5916,5929,5933,5975,5979,5999,6003,6062,6066],[11,5878,5879,5880,161,5883,5886,5887,4196,5890,5893,5894,5897,5898,5901,5902,5904,5905,5908,5909,3525],{},"For this [suspension] continues to bar the execution of his order even after the penance has been carried out: §. ",[15,5881,5882],{},"de renunciatione",[15,5884,5885],{},"nisi cum pridem","; D. 50, ",[15,5888,5889],{},"de his",[15,5891,5892],{},"de temporibus ordinationum",", c. fi. Or, [the point is that] although such a sinner — that is, one not cut off but tolerated and penitent — can celebrate, nevertheless a simoniac cannot: as below, eodem, ",[15,5895,5896],{},"tanta",". But on the second view, below eodem, ",[15,5899,5900],{},"tue",", Iacobus says that this is speaking of the occult case. But Petrus understands ",[15,5903,5896],{}," of the notorious case: for he is suspended, C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5906,5907],{},"reperiatur","; C. 32 q. 2 §. ",[15,5910,5911],{},"verum",[1781,5913,5915],{"id":5914},"and-understand-this-with-respect-to-others","And understand this with respect to others",[11,5917,5918,5919,5921,5922,5925,5926,5928],{},"For with respect to himself he is suspended, however occult he may be, just like any sinner: §. ",[15,5920,5765],{},", c. vl.; C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5923,5924],{},"si sacerdotes",". Or say that if he is a simoniac in respect of orders and occult, he is suspended with respect to all, since he does not have the character — understand [this] [with respect to execution], C. 1 q. 1 c. 1 — and so the chapter ",[15,5927,5896],{}," speaks accordingly.",[1781,5930,5932],{"id":5931},"and-the-church","And the church",[11,5934,5935,5936,5939,5940,4226,5942,161,5945,4806,5948,161,5951,5954,5955,5958,5959,161,5961,4196,5964,161,5966,5969,5970,4230,5972,3525],{},"[Extra] eodem, ",[15,5937,5938],{},"ex tue",", says that it can prohibit him from execution: understand, in fact. That is to say, in fact it can carry out [the prohibition], even though the crime is occult, provided you yourself know him as such. But why can you not prohibit him? — see [Extra] ",[15,5941,5892],{},[15,5943,5944],{},"contra",[15,5946,5947],{},"nulla",[15,5949,5950],{},"de officio ordinarii",[15,5952,5953],{},"si sacerdos",". Nevertheless, understand this according to Sina in the case of one who has received a benefice simoniacally which required a certain order, as is read [Extra] ",[15,5956,5957],{},"de etate et qualitate",", c. 1; and in the case of a homicide, as below, ",[15,5960,5402],{},[15,5962,5963],{},"inquisitionis",[15,5965,5892],{},[15,5967,5968],{},"qualitum",". But he who confers the order is not suspended except with respect to himself; nor is the simoniac in religion: as §. eodem, ",[15,5971,4399],{},[15,5973,5974],{},"dilectus filius",[1781,5976,5978],{"id":5977},"whence-he-who-confers-the-order","Whence he who confers the order",[11,5980,5981,5982,5985,5986,4230,5989,5992,5993,5995,5996,3525],{},"Since he is not suspended, he gives execution to others by the law itself. But he who has received [orders] simoniacally cannot give it, because he does not have it: above, q. 5, ",[15,5983,5984],{},"Daibertum",". And therefore he cannot celebrate, C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,5987,5988],{},"sicut eunuchi",[15,5990,5991],{},"quibusdam narrantibus",". But others say this with respect to the power of office, not the power of merit: as below, eodem, ",[15,5994,5896],{},". For with respect to the power of office a heretic can celebrate, as above, q. 1, ",[15,5997,5998],{},"quidam",[1781,6000,6002],{"id":6001},"but-iohannes-said","But Iohannes said",[11,6004,6005,6006,6009,6010,6013,6014,4230,6017,6020,6021,6024,6025,6028,6029,161,6032,6035,6036,4230,6038,4230,6041,4230,6044,6047,6048,6050,6051,6054,6055,161,6058,6061],{},"That whoever has once conferred an order simoniacally will not thereafter be able to give execution, however occult it be, however ignorant the recipient: as above, q. 1, ",[15,6007,6008],{},"si quis a simoniacis","; and therefore the gloss ",[15,6011,6012],{},"misericorditer","; and eodem q., ",[15,6015,6016],{},"reperiuntur",[15,6018,6019],{},"quibusdam",". But this seems to be refuted below, c. ",[15,6022,6023],{},"plus",", §. ",[15,6026,6027],{},"p qua",". Whence at home if I have received an order from one whom I did not know to be a simoniac, I have execution, even if I have heard this from some, unless my conscience reproved me: as you have, [Extra] ",[15,6030,6031],{},"de sententia excommunicationis",[15,6033,6034],{},"cum illorum",", rh. 1, and q. si., where in the same case the secular is deposed, but the regular is only suspended. And some say also that a simoniac, however occult, is suspended with respect to all: as I noted above, and [as in the case of] the notorious fornicator, D. 32 §. ",[15,6037,5911],{},[15,6039,6040],{},"nullus",[15,6042,6043],{},"preter hoc",[15,6045,6046],{},"si queras",". Why do the canon laws so prosecute these two crimes alike? Answer: simony is a cancerous disease, and so the red-hot iron is needed; it is also a vice that ought to be avoided, C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6049,6016],{},". Likewise, fornication is a common vice, D. 50, ",[15,6052,6053],{},"quod tua sanctitas"," in fi.; and so in both the penalty ought to be sharpened, ff. ",[15,6056,6057],{},"de penis",[15,6059,6060],{},"aut facta",", §. fin.",[1781,6063,6065],{"id":6064},"suspended","Suspended",[11,6067,6068],{},"Or excommunicated, or deposed — he has no execution of office, although he retains the character: as",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6070},[6071,6072,6073,6074,6075],{"id":5914,"depth":48,"text":5915},{"id":5931,"depth":48,"text":5932},{"id":5977,"depth":48,"text":5978},{"id":6001,"depth":48,"text":6002},{"id":6064,"depth":48,"text":6065},"For this [suspension] continues to bar the execution of his order even after the penance has been carried out: §. de renunciatione, nisi cum pridem; D. 50, de his; [Extra] de temporibus ordinationum, c. fi. Or, [the point is that] although such a sinner — that is, one not cut off but tolerated and penitent — can celebrate, nevertheless a simoniac cannot: as below, eodem, tanta. But on the second view, below eodem, tue, Iacobus says that this is speaking of the occult case. But Petrus understands tanta of the notorious case: for he is suspended, C. 1 q. 1, reperiatur; C. 32 q. 2 §. verum.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra",{"description":6076},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538ra","UMKton5WBU6F15H1u18S89UBcBoMPNp0H3L_4djZxbo",{"id":6083,"title":3095,"body":6084,"description":6240,"extension":52,"meta":6241,"navigation":56,"page":3095,"path":6242,"pdf_page":3088,"reading":53,"seo":6243,"sortable_pagination_id":3130,"stem":6244,"__hash__":6245},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb.md",{"type":8,"value":6085,"toc":6235},[6086,6092,6096,6115,6119,6147,6151],[11,6087,6088,6089,3525],{},"he retains it, as above q. 1 § ",[15,6090,6091],{},"opponitur",[1781,6093,6095],{"id":6094},"iohannes-says-that-a-heretic","Iohannes says that a heretic",[11,6097,6098,6099,4230,6102,4230,6105,4464,6108,6110,6111,6114],{},"Excommunicated and deposed, he can consecrate and administer the other sacraments: above q. 1, ",[15,6100,6101],{},"dominus",[15,6103,6104],{},"non nocet",[15,6106,6107],{},"dictum est",[15,6109,4004],{}," D. 3, ",[15,6112,6113],{},"non in nobis",". Moreover, what reason would there be why a condemned man could so consecrate so long as he is tolerated by the church, but not when condemned by men? That is to say: I do not see [any reason], according to Iohannes.",[1781,6116,6118],{"id":6117},"but-others-say","But others say",[11,6120,6121,6122,6125,6126,6128,6129,6132,6133,4230,6136,6139,6140,6143,6144,3525],{},"That such men never consecrate, nor do they have execution. For as Pelagius says, if they were to bring the truth, it is not the body of Christ that a heretic consecrates, as above q. 1, ",[15,6123,6124],{},"schisma",". For this is the sacrament of unity, ",[15,6127,4004],{}," D. 1, ",[15,6130,6131],{},"quod passus","; and therefore outside the unity of the church it cannot be consecrated, as below q. 1, ",[15,6134,6135],{},"ecclesia",[15,6137,6138],{},"sacerdotes",". Which also seems true according to Iohannes the new, since no one can perform this sacrament unless a catholic priest, since outside the church no one is saved — rightly ordained according to the keys of the church: as above ",[15,6141,6142],{},"de summa trinitate",", c. 1, §. ",[15,6145,6146],{},"una",[1781,6148,6150],{"id":6149},"it-is-true","It is true",[11,6152,6153,6154,6143,6157,6160,6161,161,6163,6024,6166,6169,6170,161,6173,6176,6177,4189,6180,6183,6184,4230,6187,6190,6191,6193,6194,6197,6198,4230,6201,6204,6205,6208,6209,6212,6213,161,6215,6218,6219,4189,6221,4277,6224,6227,6228,6231,6232,3525],{},"That although such bishops, in ordaining, do not transfer any execution which they themselves do not have, nevertheless they do transfer the character which they have, dead and naked as it is; and therefore if the ordained man has been ignorant, he can be mercifully dispensed with by the bishop through him, provided the ignorance of fact has been probable, not crass or supine — otherwise the pope alone could dispense, as above ",[15,6155,6156],{},"de ordinatione ab eo qui resignavit episcopatum",[15,6158,6159],{},"quare",". Whence it is plain that he consecrates, since ordinations are not celebrated without mass: as above ",[15,6162,3810],{},[15,6164,6165],{},"q sicut",[15,6167,6168],{},"super eo",". And that an excommunicate may celebrate and consecrate is confirmed above ",[15,6171,6172],{},"de sacramentis non iterandis",[15,6174,6175],{},"a nobis",", according to Bernardus; and see what is noted below ",[15,6178,6179],{},"de schismate",[15,6181,6182],{},"quid iuris",". And according to this understand the laws that bear upon this point: C. 9 q. 1, ",[15,6185,6186],{},"ab excommunicatis",[15,6188,6189],{},"ordinationes","; and those that go against it: C. 9 q. 1 c. 1, and ",[15,6192,4004],{}," D. 4, ",[15,6195,6196],{},"quo",", and C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6199,6200],{},"qui perfectionem",[15,6202,6203],{},"verum est",", and C. 23 q. 1, ",[15,6206,6207],{},"audiuimus","; with the argument leading to this distinction at [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6210,6211],{},"per tuas",", 2; and above ",[15,6214,5462],{},[15,6216,6217],{},"si duobus",". On this matter, say as I have fully determined above ",[15,6220,5892],{},[15,6222,6223],{},"z q̄",[15,6225,6226],{},"hec igitur sit fides tua",". Except, however, the deposed, according to Goffredus, as noted there; and below ",[15,6229,6230],{},"de clericis excommunicatis ministrantibus"," §. 1, verse ",[15,6233,6234],{},"sed nunquid depositus",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6236},[6237,6238,6239],{"id":6094,"depth":48,"text":6095},{"id":6117,"depth":48,"text":6118},{"id":6149,"depth":48,"text":6150},"he retains it, as above q. 1 § opponitur.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb",{"description":6240},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538rb","mAmRYFmsc2N8-cE9WxRC0URTUpWGjcagmE7KYHwc6PY",{"id":6247,"title":3135,"body":6248,"description":47,"extension":52,"meta":6336,"navigation":56,"page":3135,"path":6337,"pdf_page":3174,"reading":53,"seo":6338,"sortable_pagination_id":3176,"stem":6339,"__hash__":6340},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va.md",{"type":8,"value":6249,"toc":6330},[6250,6254,6257,6261,6275,6279,6323,6327],[1781,6251,6253],{"id":6252},"but-through-the-judge-a-penalty-is-imposed","But through the judge a penalty is imposed",[11,6255,6256],{},"But through the judge a penalty is imposed; yet it matters whether the crime is investigated by way of accusation or by way of inquisition.",[1781,6258,6260],{"id":6259},"if-by-way-of-accusation","If by way of accusation",[11,6262,6263,6264,4230,6267,6270,6271,6274],{},"If by way of accusation, and the one accused is infamous, the judge ought to suspend him from the execution of his order for a time — that is, until he has learned whether what he is accused of is true: as below eodem, ",[15,6265,6266],{},"accusatum",[15,6268,6269],{},"quoties",". The same holds if he is occult, once there are certain indications; and so the chapter below eodem, ",[15,6272,6273],{},"sicut simoniaca",", can be understood, or otherwise as I shall say at once.",[1781,6276,6278],{"id":6277},"but-if-the-accuser-has-proved-his-charge","But if the accuser has proved his charge",[11,6280,6281,6282,6284,6285,6288,6289,6292,6293,161,6296,6299,6300,6303,6304,161,6306,6308,6309,6311,6312,6314,6315,6318,6319,6322],{},"But if the accuser has proved his charge, whether by confession or by witnesses — for it does not matter as to the manner, provided the crime is sufficiently proved — he must straightway be expelled from the church of God, that is, set outside its limits: as below eodem, ",[15,6283,4385],{},". That is, with the grave infamy that follows, he must be deposed: as below qo. 2 c. vl.; C. 1 q. fi., ",[15,6286,6287],{},"presbyter","; C. 15 q. 3, ",[15,6290,6291],{},"sane","; C. ",[15,6294,6295],{},"de episcopis et clericis",[15,6297,6298],{},"si questio",". But if the crime is investigated by way of inquisition: if a secular who has obtained a benefice simoniacally in ignorance is infamous, he is compelled to renounce but is not deposed, below eodem, ",[15,6301,6302],{},"ex insinuatione",". But if knowingly, he is also deposed: as above ",[15,6305,5402],{},[15,6307,5963],{},". But if he is a regular and is a simoniac in respect of orders, the same will hold, by the argument of what is noted above eodem § ",[15,6310,5817],{}," and the following, and below eodem ",[15,6313,6211],{},". But if [the simony is] in respect of a benefice and they were promoted in ignorance, they are bound to renounce: as below eodem ",[15,6316,6317],{},"de regularibus"," in fi. Those giving and receiving, however, are to be struck with the canonical penalty: as below eodem, ",[15,6320,6321],{},"sicut nobis"," § pe. and ult.",[1781,6324,6326],{"id":6325},"but-where-they-have-been-knowingly-promoted-into-a-regular-community","But where they have been knowingly promoted into a regular community",[11,6328,6329],{},"But where they have been knowingly promoted into a regular community, the penalty of deposition is remitted; yet those received around the time of the general council [Lateran IV] are removed from the monasteries which they thus obtained and are confined in other monasteries of a stricter rule. But with those who were received before the council mercy is shown by dispensation: such that they are placed in other houses of the same order, or, if for very great numbers this cannot be done, it is permitted that, after a free resignation, they remain in the same monastery with their former seats changed and lower ones assigned. According to this",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6331},[6332,6333,6334,6335],{"id":6252,"depth":48,"text":6253},{"id":6259,"depth":48,"text":6260},{"id":6277,"depth":48,"text":6278},{"id":6325,"depth":48,"text":6326},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va",{"description":47},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538va","aPw3jxx0QD7XbfUvim_sFogJuSyk2bX4XYIqIz4za5w",{"id":6342,"title":3181,"body":6343,"description":6473,"extension":52,"meta":6474,"navigation":56,"page":3181,"path":6475,"pdf_page":3174,"reading":53,"seo":6476,"sortable_pagination_id":3240,"stem":6477,"__hash__":6478},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb.md",{"type":8,"value":6344,"toc":6465},[6345,6358,6362,6372,6376,6394,6398,6415,6419,6426,6430,6437,6441],[11,6346,6347,6348,6350,6351,6354,6355,3525],{},"understand below eodem ",[15,6349,6317],{},", rf. f. c. c. ",[15,6352,6353],{},"dilectis filiis",", ad., and the general council [chapter] ",[15,6356,6357],{},"quoniam simoniaca labes",[1781,6359,6361],{"id":6360},"but-with-those-who-have-been-received-this-side-of-the-council","But with those who have been received this side of the council",[11,6363,6364,6365,6367,6368,6371],{},"But with those who have been received this side of the council, some are dispensed by the pope; and this extends from monks even to abbots — but monks are not compelled to renounce spiritual things, nor abbots to renounce temporalities, which were thereby acquired with nothing antecedent but the intention alone. Say this as noted above eodem § ",[15,6366,4392],{},". You have it below eodem c. ult., where it says that the palium alone abolishes such a pact. And so gather that an injury done to God is more easily and safely remitted than one done to man: by which is plain the reason which Iohannes seeks above eodem § rh., verse ",[15,6369,6370],{},"suspensus","; or see [further].",[1781,6373,6375],{"id":6374},"but-what-is-the-reason","But what is the reason",[11,6377,6378,6379,6382,6383,6385,6386,6389,6390,6393],{},"But what is the reason why a secular convicted by way of inquisition is degraded, but not a regular? I answer: because in the inquisition of a secular the subtlety of law is required, and therefore in these excepted crimes judgment is pronounced by strict law; but in the inquisition of a regular one proceeds summarily, and therefore he would be punished summarily — as is plain from what is noted above eodem § ",[15,6380,6381],{},"quid de accusatione",", and under the title ",[15,6384,5402],{},", in the rubric ",[15,6387,6388],{},"de inquisitionibus",". Likewise, because the rule is approved that while one is burdened in one respect, he is relieved in another: as below in the next, verse ",[15,6391,6392],{},"sed et episcopus",", and the following.",[1781,6395,6397],{"id":6396},"what-if-someone-offers-his-goods-to-the-church","What if someone offers his goods to the church",[11,6399,6400,6401,6404,6405,6408,6409,6412,6413,3525],{},"What if someone offers his goods to the church simply, without a pact, but with this intention: that for the temporal goods which he offers he may obtain spiritual ones — not otherwise being about to give them, nor would the clerks otherwise have received him? To this the decree says that nevertheless both that man and these clerks are judged guilty before the strict judge who is the searcher of hearts: below eodem, ",[15,6402,6403],{},"tua"," § ",[15,6406,6407],{},"sed aut",". Whence, since it does not say “they are judged simoniacs,” they are to be punished on account of the depraved intention. There have been those who said that they are not simoniacs, but nevertheless are to be punished as simoniacs on account of the depraved intention together with the work that followed: argument above ",[15,6410,6411],{},"de bigamis non ordinandis"," in fi., c. c. ",[15,6414,6175],{},[1781,6416,6418],{"id":6417},"you-say-that-they-are-simoniacs","You say that they are simoniacs",[11,6420,6421,6422,6425],{},"You say that they are simoniacs: because simony is committed by the will alone — which say as noted above c. verse ",[15,6423,6424],{},"si vero scienter",", and above eodem § 1.",[1781,6427,6429],{"id":6428},"what-if-the-monastery-does-not-abound","What if the monastery does not abound",[11,6431,6432,6433,6436],{},"What if the monastery does not abound — indeed is meagre and pressed by great poverty? Can money be given and received without the vice of simony? Not very well; nevertheless, it can be conceded that these words may be spoken by those of the convent to one wishing to enter: “We will freely and gratis receive you into our spiritual fellowship; but since our goods do not suffice for us and for you, bring with you the means whereby you may live”; or thus: “provide for yourself so that you may live.” For then if the one entering brings any temporal goods, simony is not committed. Nor is it an objection that below eodem ",[15,6434,6435],{},"quoniam"," it says that some wish to palliate this vice under the pretext of poverty; for that [passage] is to be understood when one does not proceed thus cautiously — rather, those receiving make a pact and a fixed forum, and when they have so acted, they cannot excuse themselves under pretext of poverty.",[1781,6438,6440],{"id":6439},"but-this-pretext-does-not-absolve-the-delinquent","But this pretext does not absolve the delinquent",[11,6442,6443,6444,161,6447,6404,6450,6453,6454,161,6457,6460,6461,6464],{},"But this pretext does not absolve the delinquent. ff. ",[15,6445,6446],{},"de ritu nuptiarum",[15,6448,6449],{},"palam",[15,6451,6452],{},"non est ignoscendum","; above ",[15,6455,6456],{},"de divortiis",[15,6458,6459],{},"ex literis",". For it would be more holy to die in reputation, C. 32 q. 4, ",[15,6462,6463],{},"sicut san","[ctius]",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6466},[6467,6468,6469,6470,6471,6472],{"id":6360,"depth":48,"text":6361},{"id":6374,"depth":48,"text":6375},{"id":6396,"depth":48,"text":6397},{"id":6417,"depth":48,"text":6418},{"id":6428,"depth":48,"text":6429},{"id":6439,"depth":48,"text":6440},"understand below eodem de regularibus, rf. f. c. c. dilectis filiis, ad., and the general council [chapter] quoniam simoniaca labes.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb",{"description":6473},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F538vb","ZsJlGXDtp6YxPwDR9CaelG-2kf6Xw5j4KecJSVBez-c",{"id":6480,"title":3245,"body":6481,"description":6658,"extension":52,"meta":6659,"navigation":56,"page":3245,"path":6660,"pdf_page":3303,"reading":53,"seo":6661,"sortable_pagination_id":3305,"stem":6662,"__hash__":6663},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra.md",{"type":8,"value":6482,"toc":6650},[6483,6504,6508,6517,6521,6553,6557,6573,6577,6586,6590,6643,6647],[11,6484,6485,6486,6489,6490,6492,6493,6496,6497,6500,6501,3525],{},"[it is] more right to suffer all evils from the world: C. 32 q. 5, ",[15,6487,6488],{},"itaque",". Nor is it an objection that the necessity of hunger excuses from theft: ",[15,6491,4004],{},", D. 5, ",[15,6494,6495],{},"discipulos"," — because in such a time all things are common: ff. ",[15,6498,6499],{},"ad legem Rhodiam de iactu",", l. 1, §. ",[15,6502,6503],{},"cum in eadem nauis",[1781,6505,6507],{"id":6506},"but-if-the-necessity-was-not-so-great","But if the necessity was not so great",[11,6509,6510,6511,161,6514,3525],{},"But if the necessity was not so great, it does not wholly excuse: [Extra] ",[15,6512,6513],{},"de furtis",[15,6515,6516],{},"si quis per necessitatem",[1781,6518,6520],{"id":6519},"what-of-monasteries","What of monasteries",[11,6522,6523,6524,4230,6527,6529,6530,4230,6532,4189,6534,6537,6538,4230,6540,6542,6543,161,6545,6548,6549,6552],{},"What of monasteries in which no pact is imposed, but it is nonetheless fixed how much a girl entering ought to give? Indeed, such an assessment is condemned: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6525,6526],{},"sicut pro certo",[15,6528,4353],{}," at the end. Therefore, if a pact is introduced concerning the observance of such a custom, it is simoniacal: as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6531,4399],{},[15,6533,4353],{},[15,6535,6536],{},"cum vero",". [The case is] expressly the same if she is received gratis, and afterwards the one received is compelled to observe such a custom: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6539,6207],{},[15,6541,4403],{},". Finally, when every covenant and every coercion ceases, and what is customary is freely given, the simony of the church militant is not incurred — although this be simoniacal with regard to God: argument from [Extra] ",[15,6544,3531],{},[15,6546,6547],{},"consuluit","; C. 14 q. 3, ",[15,6550,6551],{},"plerique",". And it is expressed in [Extra] eodem, c. fin., concerning which see what is noted above eodem §. 1.",[1781,6554,6556],{"id":6555},"but-whether-any-remedy-can-be-had-in-this-matter","But whether any remedy can be had in this matter",[11,6558,6559,6560,6562,6563,6566,6567,4189,6569,6572],{},"But whether any remedy can be had in this matter — namely, that the nuns receive the girl gratis and spiritually, and if they are so poor that they cannot provide her with necessaries, that they sue the father for the alimony to which he is bound, as noted above ",[15,6561,4185],{}," at the end, and [Extra] ",[15,6564,6565],{},"de infantibus et languidis expositis","; and if he is dead, that she sue for her share of his inheritance: as in the Authentic ",[15,6568,4365],{},[15,6570,6571],{},"nulla penitus",", col. 9.",[1781,6574,6576],{"id":6575},"but-the-bishop-who-receives-a-promise","But the bishop who receives a promise",[11,6578,6579,6580,161,6583,3525],{},"But the bishop who receives a promise or oath from one to be ordained that he will not trouble him about seeking a title — or a presentator who receives a like pact — incurs a penalty. For the presentator is by the law itself suspended from the execution of orders for three years, while the ordainer and the ordained are suspended without definition of time from the conferral and execution of the order, until they obtain the grace of the Apostolic See: as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6581,6582],{},"si quis ordinauerit",[15,6584,6585],{},"Gregorius",[1781,6587,6589],{"id":6588},"if-you-ask-why-these-different-penalties-are-established","If you ask why these different penalties are established",[11,6591,6592,6593,161,6596,6599,6600,161,6602,6605,6606,161,6608,6611,6612,161,6614,4806,6617,161,6619,6622,6623,4277,6626,6629,6630,6632,6633,161,6635,6637,6638,161,6640,3525],{},"If you ask why these different penalties are established, I answer: the ordainer and the ordained transgress more than the presentator, since it is in their power to confer or receive the order; and therefore they are more severely punished in this — that no time is fixed, whence the term of three years or of ten years may be exceeded — and thus he punishes more, according to the rule above ",[15,6594,6595],{},"de translatione episcopi",[15,6597,6598],{},"inter corporalia"," §. ult., and ",[15,6601,4291],{},[15,6603,6604],{},"nihil",", at the end, R. 1, 1, ",[15,6607,6230],{},[15,6609,6610],{},"latores",". But the presentator too is more severely punished in another respect: because he suspends from the execution of all orders, whereas the ordainer only from the conferral of the order which he conferred, and the ordained from the execution of the same order; and thus they are punished in that in which they transgressed, according to the rule above ",[15,6613,5796],{},[15,6615,6616],{},"literas",[15,6618,3706],{},[15,6620,6621],{},"pastoralis",". Likewise, because they are burdened in one thing, they are relieved in another. For this is the approved rule, as noted above ",[15,6624,6625],{},"proximo",[15,6627,6628],{},"sed quod est ratio",", as at the end; and it is proved above ",[15,6631,4269],{},", c. 1, and ",[15,6634,6595],{},[15,6636,6598],{}," §. ult., and ff. ",[15,6639,5319],{},[15,6641,6642],{},"eum qui",[1781,6644,6646],{"id":6645},"but-why-are-all-these-not-degraded","But why are all these not degraded",[11,6648,6649],{},"But why are all these not degraded, since they are seculars? Some say that they are not truly simoniacs, for at the time when the pact was made, nothing was in",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6651},[6652,6653,6654,6655,6656,6657],{"id":6506,"depth":48,"text":6507},{"id":6519,"depth":48,"text":6520},{"id":6555,"depth":48,"text":6556},{"id":6575,"depth":48,"text":6576},{"id":6588,"depth":48,"text":6589},{"id":6645,"depth":48,"text":6646},"[it is] more right to suffer all evils from the world: C. 32 q. 5, itaque. Nor is it an objection that the necessity of hunger excuses from theft: de consecratione, D. 5, discipulos — because in such a time all things are common: ff. ad legem Rhodiam de iactu, l. 1, §. cum in eadem nauis.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra",{"description":6658},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539ra","r60JeffEZorEwp4X5lz4plejHw0nTb58_HESRkWxFuk",{"id":6665,"title":3310,"body":6666,"description":6756,"extension":52,"meta":6757,"navigation":56,"page":3310,"path":6758,"pdf_page":3303,"reading":53,"seo":6759,"sortable_pagination_id":3345,"stem":6760,"__hash__":6761},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb.md",{"type":8,"value":6667,"toc":6751},[6668,6706,6710,6719,6723,6726,6730],[11,6669,6670,6671,161,6674,4189,6677,6680,6681,6684,6685,161,6687,6689,6690,161,6692,4230,6695,4189,6698,6701,6702,6705],{},"obligation. But certainly this response is of no avail, since there was an expectation that the debt would arise: argument from ",[15,6672,6673],{},"Institutes",[15,6675,6676],{},"de verborum obligationibus",[15,6678,6679],{},"ex conditionali",". Whence it cannot be denied that even that expectation, which afterwards came entirely into existence, has been remitted; and thus it is true simony, since remitting is the same as giving: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6682,6683],{},"querelam",", and above ",[15,6686,4065],{},[15,6688,4399],{},". For the bishop or presentator, in the very act of ordination or presentation, is bound to assign a title to the one ordained: as above ",[15,6691,4298],{},[15,6693,6694],{},"episcopus",[15,6696,6697],{},"cum secundum",[15,6699,6700],{},"aliquod commodum sentiret inde"," — if, however, the pact were to be valid; and thus it is simoniacal, as has been expressed: argument from ff. ",[15,6703,6704],{},"de calumniatoribus",", l. 1 at the end, and l. 2 and 3, R. 1. [As to] why the decretal of Gregorius is to be understood in the penitential forum and not the judicial — what he says is: let the ordainer and the ordained and the presentator who introduces and accepts such a pact beware; for although it be hidden and cannot be proved, nevertheless they suffer this penalty by the very act, by force of the canon, and thus by the law itself one is suspended.",[1781,6707,6709],{"id":6708},"but-if-the-crime-cannot-be-proved","But if the crime cannot be proved",[11,6711,6712,6713,4230,6716,3525],{},"But if the crime cannot be proved, purgation is enjoined upon the one defamed; and if he fails in it, he is punished as one convicted: as below eodem, ",[15,6714,6715],{},"de hoc",[15,6717,6718],{},"insinuata",[1781,6720,6722],{"id":6721},"what-dispensation-and-from-whom-is-to-be-applied-in-their-regard","What dispensation, and from whom, is to be applied in their regard",[11,6724,6725],{},"What dispensation, and from whom, is to be applied in their regard is here treated: whether one is a simoniac and was simoniacally promoted; or simoniacally promoted but not a simoniac; or a simoniac but not simoniacally promoted. Likewise, whether the simony is committed in the order or in the benefice.",[1781,6727,6729],{"id":6728},"if-someone-is-a-simoniac-in-an-order","If someone is a simoniac in an order",[11,6731,6732,6733,6736,6737,161,6739,6742,6743,6746,6747,6750],{},"If someone is a simoniac in an order — that is, because he gave money to be ordained subdeacon, or deacon, or priest — here the bishop cannot dispense: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6734,6735],{},"nobis",". For he cannot dispense except in adulteries and lesser crimes, as above ",[15,6738,3722],{},[15,6740,6741],{},"at si clerici",". Indeed, according to some, he cannot even dispense with such a one, because the simoniac is bound to renounce that which he acquired simoniacally: as below q. 1, ",[15,6744,6745],{},"si quis",". But he cannot renounce the order, since it is imprinted upon the soul: C. 30 q. 7, ",[15,6748,6749],{},"licite","; nor the execution, since that he does not have; therefore the vice cannot be pur-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6752},[6753,6754,6755],{"id":6708,"depth":48,"text":6709},{"id":6721,"depth":48,"text":6722},{"id":6728,"depth":48,"text":6729},"obligation. But certainly this response is of no avail, since there was an expectation that the debt would arise: argument from Institutes, de verborum obligationibus §. ex conditionali. Whence it cannot be denied that even that expectation, which afterwards came entirely into existence, has been remitted; and thus it is true simony, since remitting is the same as giving: [Extra] eodem, querelam, and above de testamentis, veniens. For the bishop or presentator, in the very act of ordination or presentation, is bound to assign a title to the one ordained: as above de prebendis, episcopus, and c. cum secundum §. aliquod commodum sentiret inde — if, however, the pact were to be valid; and thus it is simoniacal, as has been expressed: argument from ff. de calumniatoribus, l. 1 at the end, and l. 2 and 3, R. 1. [As to] why the decretal of Gregorius is to be understood in the penitential forum and not the judicial — what he says is: let the ordainer and the ordained and the presentator who introduces and accepts such a pact beware; for although it be hidden and cannot be proved, nevertheless they suffer this penalty by the very act, by force of the canon, and thus by the law itself one is suspended.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb",{"description":6756},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539rb","vN01vNrsTKlrU6R4hjWHvkPB2Oz0qrqINcaKiT777Q4",{"id":6763,"title":3350,"body":6764,"description":6907,"extension":52,"meta":6908,"navigation":56,"page":3350,"path":6909,"pdf_page":60,"reading":53,"seo":6910,"sortable_pagination_id":3367,"stem":6911,"__hash__":6912},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va.md",{"type":8,"value":6765,"toc":6905},[6766,6810,6864],[11,6767,6768,6769,6772,6773,6776,6777,6780,6781,161,6784,6787,6788,4277,6790,6793,6794,161,6797,4226,6800,6803,6804,6806,6807,3525],{},"ged: C. 14 q. 6, ",[15,6770,6771],{},"si res",". But this I do not believe: indeed, the pope can dispense with such a one, since he can voluntarily offer himself for deposition: D. 21, ",[15,6774,6775],{},"nunc autem",". If he can renounce it as far as in him lies, and if the pope dispenses with him, the vice of orders will be purged: C. 1 q. 5, ",[15,6778,6779],{},"vitium",". For the vice of theft too is purged by the stolen property remaining with the thief, the owner being willing: ff. ",[15,6782,6783],{},"de usucapionibus",[15,6785,6786],{},"si fur","; C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6789,5998],{},[15,6791,6792],{},"si forte",". The same in a violent detainer: ff. ",[15,6795,6796],{},"de precario",[15,6798,6799],{},"certe",[15,6801,6802],{},"Iulianus",". And this is confirmed by [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6805,6211],{},", and q. 2, c. pen. Much more so if he is not a simoniac — although simoniacally promoted, that is, because the money was given without his knowing — and so perhaps in this case, if it is hidden, the bishops will be able to dispense: argument from [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6808,6809],{},"simoniace",[11,6811,6812,6813,6816,6817,6819,6820,161,6822,6825,6826,6828,6829,6831,6832,6835,6836,161,6838,6841,6842,6845,6846,6849,6850,6453,6852,161,6854,6856,6857,161,6859,6861,6862,3525],{},"But what if it concerns one simoniacally promoted to some religious order? Say as above pri. §. ",[15,6814,6815],{},"si vero",". A dispensation can be applied by the bishop, if the money was given without his knowledge. Others say it should be referred for discussion to a general council: [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6818,6435],{},". But if someone has simoniacally obtained another benefice, if it was a simple one, after his free resignation of it he can recover that benefice by dispensation of the bishop — or even of the chapter, the bishop consenting: above ",[15,6821,3810],{},[15,6823,6824],{},"si alicui",", at the end; [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6827,6302],{},". But if he has obtained a prelacy or dignity, if he comes to repentance without any accusation, and of his own motion has renounced, humbly petitioning that his renunciation be admitted, then once the renunciation is made he can recover that prelacy by dispensation of his bishop — who in this has not transgressed — provided the utility or necessity of the church requires it: as C. 1 q. 5, ",[15,6830,6779],{},", r. c. ",[15,6833,6834],{},"quibus",". But if he has contested in court, or being summoned has confessed for fear of the proofs, the bishop cannot dispense with him on that occasion: as above ",[15,6837,3810],{},[15,6839,6840],{},"si alicuius",", et c.; [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6843,6844],{},"nobis fuit"," §. 1. According to this, understand C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6847,6848],{},"erga","; C. 7 q. 1, ",[15,6851,6779],{},[15,6853,3810],{},[15,6855,6168],{},", r.; C. 1 q. 1, c. 1, and c. ult. Or more briefly say that in a simple benefice the bishop dispenses with the chapter — with or without cause — provided that the prerogative of merits requires it: thus understand above ",[15,6858,3810],{},[15,6860,6840],{},", at the end; below eodem, ",[15,6863,6302],{},[11,6865,6866,6867,6869,6870,4189,6872,6874,6875,6877,6878,6880,6881,6883,6884,161,6887,6890,6891,6894,6895,161,6898,6901,6902,6904],{},"In a double [benefice] he is able to dispense, even on this occasion, if the necessity of the church requires it: as in c. ",[15,6868,6779],{},". Otherwise the bishop cannot dispense: as in the said c. ",[15,6871,6844],{},[15,6873,6203],{},", on that occasion; but the see [Apostolic] is able to dispense: as in c. ",[15,6876,6840],{}," at the beginning. And so the ancient decretum of Stephanus determines, ",[15,6879,6824],{},"; Bernardus determines, with Innocentius, ",[15,6882,6844],{},": ff. ",[15,6885,6886],{},"de legibus",[15,6888,6889],{},"non est nouum",", and l. ",[15,6892,6893],{},"sequenti",". What I said — that the bishop can dispense — is to be understood when the money was given not to him but to one of his associates without his knowledge; otherwise, if he himself had transgressed, he would be unworthy of the power of dispensing: argument from above ",[15,6896,6897],{},"de clericis coniugatis",[15,6899,6900],{},"diuersis",". This is intimated in C. 1 q. 5, ",[15,6903,6779],{},", where it says that money was given not to the bishop, but to one of his princes. And these things are to be understood of one simoniacally promoted, not of a simo-",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":6906},[],"ged: C. 14 q. 6, si res. But this I do not believe: indeed, the pope can dispense with such a one, since he can voluntarily offer himself for deposition: D. 21, nunc autem. If he can renounce it as far as in him lies, and if the pope dispenses with him, the vice of orders will be purged: C. 1 q. 5, vitium. For the vice of theft too is purged by the stolen property remaining with the thief, the owner being willing: ff. de usucapionibus, si fur; C. 1 q. 1, quidam, verse si forte. The same in a violent detainer: ff. de precario, certe, c. Iulianus. And this is confirmed by [Extra] eodem, per tuas, and q. 2, c. pen. Much more so if he is not a simoniac — although simoniacally promoted, that is, because the money was given without his knowing — and so perhaps in this case, if it is hidden, the bishops will be able to dispense: argument from [Extra] eodem, simoniace.",{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va",{"description":6907},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539va","C9mqW-SuaYvAoEQbpaRpE2ZVxwExU7YVbqEYYd2WFVs",{"id":6914,"title":57,"body":6915,"description":6919,"extension":52,"meta":7055,"navigation":56,"page":57,"path":7056,"pdf_page":60,"reading":53,"seo":7057,"sortable_pagination_id":3399,"stem":7058,"__hash__":7059},"readingsTranslation\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb.md",{"type":8,"value":6916,"toc":7052},[6917,6920,6946,6950,6970,7028],[11,6918,6919],{},"niac. For if he were a simoniac — that is, because he had known simony to have intervened — the bishop could in no way dispense in a double [benefice]; but perhaps in a simple one he could, with the necessity of the church urging it — otherwise not.",[11,6921,6922,6923,6926,6927,6929,6930,6933,6934,161,6936,6939,6940,6942,6943,6945],{},"But on the contrary: for the Council of Chalcedon condemns a simoniac in a benefice as much as a simoniac in an order: as C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6924,6925],{},"ex multis","; and yet [the Gospel] has its force, D. 15, ",[15,6928,4385],{},"; and to this point, C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6931,6932],{},"si de episcopis",". Solution: that case applies when one is a simoniac — here, on the other hand, he is wounded [only] when simoniacally promoted, as I said. But whether they can dispense in simony committed concerning the offices of the dead, the blessings of those marrying, burials, chrismations, sales of sacred vessels or vestments, blessings, and similar lesser species — the masters say so, after penance has been performed, since it is not prohibited: argument from [Extra] ",[15,6935,6031],{},[15,6937,6938],{},"nuper",". Nor is it an objection that C. 1 q. 1, ",[15,6941,6848],{},", for it speaks of a simoniac in a dignity, as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6944,6735],{},", at the end, according to Hostiensis.",[1781,6947,6949],{"id":6948},"what-of-money-given-on-occasion-of-simoniacal-depravity","What of money given on occasion of simoniacal depravity",[11,6951,6952,6953,4226,6955,4226,6958,6960,6961,4189,6963,6966,6967,3525],{},"And certainly, as for the giver: let him give it to that church to whose injury it was given: as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6954,6715],{},[15,6956,6957],{},"consulere",[15,6959,6207],{},", and in the Authentic ",[15,6962,4365],{},[15,6964,6965],{},"sed neque",", r. §. ",[15,6968,6969],{},"si vero laicus",[11,6971,6972,6973,6975,6976,6978,6979,6981,6982,161,6984,161,6987,161,6990,6992,6993,6996,6997,7000,7001,4196,7004,7006,7007,161,7010,7013,7014,5639,7016,4189,7019,6890,7022,4189,7025,3525],{},"But the question: that it is to be restored to him to whom he gave it, as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,6974,4399],{},". Solution according to S. [na.]: I say that where the whole chapter has transgressed, it is to be restored to the one who gave it, as in that decretal ",[15,6977,4399],{},"; but if one or two, or some outsider, has transgressed, then the place of the decretal ",[15,6980,6715],{}," applies. Such base gains are to be exacted from the heirs: ff. ",[15,6983,6704],{},[15,6985,6986],{},"in herede",[15,6988,6989],{},"idem usus",[15,6991,6403],{},". But according to T., if the one who gave the money wishes to remain in the world, it is not restored to him. But if he wishes to enter religion, then it is to be restored to him, lest he be burdensome to the monastery to which he transfers: C. 16 q. 5, ",[15,6994,6995],{},"de lapsis","; C. 17 q. 3, ",[15,6998,6999],{},"si autem in atrio","; C. 32 q. 1, ",[15,7002,7003],{},"si quis rapuerit",[15,7005,4540],{},", c. 1; ff. ",[15,7008,7009],{},"de iure dotium",[15,7011,7012],{},"iure successum est",". And to this add ff. ",[15,7015,6704],{},[15,7017,7018],{},"generaliter",[15,7020,7021],{},"illud",[15,7023,7024],{},"in heredem",[15,7026,7027],{},"sed etiam",[11,7029,7030,7031,7033,7034,6787,7037,7040,7041,7044,7045,7048,7049,3525],{},"A prelate, however, who extorts something from the church through simony must repay double: as [Extra] eodem, ",[15,7032,6207],{},". But if through pressure, then he shall repay fourfold: D. 17, ",[15,7035,7036],{},"quoniam quidem",[15,7038,7039],{},"concussionis",". ",[15,7042,7043],{},"Concutere"," [is the verb for what] those do who, under pretext of an office committed to them, by menacing extort something from an unwilling person: ff. ",[15,7046,7047],{},"de concussione",", l. 1, q. 1, and C. 22 q. 1, ",[15,7050,7051],{},"militare",{"title":47,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":7053},[7054],{"id":6948,"depth":48,"text":6949},{},"\u002Freadings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb",{"description":6919},"readings\u002Ftranslation\u002Fhostiensis-summa-simony\u002F539vb","zb7fD5lc1WAgN57Saqq7PBebJE_2NxS1WiHyuc5-m6s",1789161137090]