Huguccio of Pisa
Hugutio Pisanus
Huguccio of Pisa (Hugutio Pisanus, ca. 1140–1210) was an Italian canonist and grammarian who taught canon law at Bologna before being elected bishop of Ferrara in 1190. His Summa Decretorum, composed ca. 1188–1190, is the longest and most influential of the twelfth-century commentaries on Gratian's Decretum, synthesizing the work of earlier decretists and shaping every subsequent generation of canonical scholarship; his pupil Lothar of Segni later became Pope Innocent III. Huguccio also produced the Derivationes, a vast etymological lexicon that circulated widely through the later Middle Ages.
Summa Decretorum
Summa Decretorum
Summa, on Causa 1: On simony
Summa, ad C. 1: de symonia
Huguccio of Pisa's commentary on Causa I of Gratian's Decretum — the great twelfth-century quaestio de symonia. Causa I treats a man who buys a church for his son and the chain of consequences for the simoniacal ordainer, the paying purchaser, the ordained son, and the parishioners who receive the sacraments from him. Across seven quaestiones Gratian asks whether such a transaction is simony at all, what counts as the munus a manu, lingua, obsequio, whether bishops who confer free orders may afterwards charge fees for chrism or consecration, whether ordinations conferred by simoniacs are valid, whether the simoniacally ordained should be deposed even if ignorant, and how parishioners should regard sacraments from a simoniacal priest. Huguccio works through each quaestio with characteristic rigor, drawing on the prior decretist tradition (Rufinus, Stephen of Tournai, Johannes Faventinus, Simon of Bisignano) and shaping the doctrine that the Glossa ordinaria would later inherit.
Summa, on D. 37, c. 12 (De quibusdam locis): On the license to teach
Summa, ad D. 37, c. 12 (De quibusdam locis): de licentia docendi
A short gloss-cluster from Huguccio's Summa on D. 37, c. 12 (De quibusdam locis), turning a casus about teachers and students into one of the earliest decretist treatments of selling the licentia docendi as simony. Huguccio asks first whether a master who refuses a cleric leave to attend school unless paid commits simony, then — similiter — whether the chancellor who sells the license to teach commits simony, recalling the practice "quod parisius olim fiebat" and the reforming decretals Quanto Gallicana (X 5.5.3) and Quoniam ecclesia Dei (X 5.5.1). He concludes that the act is at the very least turpe lucrum and peccatum mortale, and forte outright simony where the license concerns sacred learning such as theologia.